Ring worm in camels, calves & pet animals Prof. Dr Hamed Attia.pdf

1. 17 ‫اكتوبر‬ 2022 (Dermatophytosis (ringworm) in Camels – Calves & Pet animals ‫المحاضرة‬ ‫الخامسة‬ ( ‫الحلقية‬ ‫القوباء‬ ) ‫االبل‬ ‫فى‬ ‫والحيوانات‬ ‫المنزلية‬

2. ‫والحيوانات‬ ‫والعجول‬ ‫االبل‬ ‫فى‬ ‫الفطرية‬ ‫االمراض‬ ‫المزلية‬ ( ‫القوباء‬ ‫الحلقية‬ - ‫السعف‬ ) ‫ا‬ . ‫عطية‬ ‫حامد‬ ‫د‬ ‫الحيوان‬ ‫طب‬ ‫استاذ‬ – ‫البيطرى‬ ‫الطب‬ ‫كلية‬ ‫الزقازيق‬ ‫جامعة‬ - ‫مصر‬ ‫الفنى‬ ‫المستشار‬ ‫البيطرية‬ ‫لألدوية‬ ‫الخبربالرياض‬ ‫اوميجا‬ ‫بمؤسسة‬

3. ‫بالمرض‬ ‫التعريف‬

4. Ringworm in camels 1- This skin disease mainly affects camels less than 3 years old, peaking between 3 and 12 months.  As many as 80% of young camels in a herd may be affected. It usually heals by itself.  ‫هو‬ ‫مرض‬ ‫فطري‬ ‫جلدي‬ ‫يصيب‬ ‫بشكل‬ ‫أساسي‬ ‫صغار‬ ‫االبل‬ ( ‫أقل‬ ‫من‬ 3 ‫سنوات‬ ) ‫حيث‬ ‫يبدو‬ ‫أن‬ ‫كبار‬ ‫االبل‬ ‫تمتلك‬ ‫مناعة‬  ‫القراع‬ ‫يسبب‬ ‫تساقطا‬ ‫للشعر‬ ‫وقشور‬ ‫وبثور‬ ‫في‬ ‫مناطق‬ ‫عديدة‬ ‫من‬ ‫جلد‬ ‫الحيوان‬ ‫ك‬ ‫الرقبة‬ ‫و‬ ‫االكتاف‬ ‫واالطراف‬ .

5. ‫المرضى‬ ‫المسبب‬

6. Cause The main cause of ringworm in camels is:  T. verrucosum and T. mentagrophytes T. verrucosum, T. mentagrophytes, T. schoenleinii. T. sakisovii, T. T. dankaliense.  M.gypseum and M. canis were the dermatophytes reported as causes of ringworm in dromedary camels.

7. ‫المرضية‬ ‫االشكال‬

8. ‫المرض‬ ‫أشكال‬ Fungal infections are more common during the cooler months, and three clinical forms have been described:  superficial, follicular and generalized.  The latter form is associated with loss of body condition and rather severe skin lesions, which are sometimes purulent. ‫ثالثة‬ ‫أشكال‬ ‫السريرية‬ ‫وصف‬ : ‫سطحي‬ ‫وجريبي‬ ‫ومعمم‬ . ‫الشكل‬ ‫األخير‬ ‫مرتبط‬ ‫بفقدان‬ ‫حالة‬ ‫الجسم‬ ‫واآلفات‬ ‫الجلدية‬ ‫الحادة‬ ، ‫والتي‬ ‫تكون‬ ‫قي‬ ‫حية‬ ‫في‬ ‫بعض‬ ‫األحيان‬ .

9. ‫العدوى‬ ‫انتقال‬ ‫طرق‬

10. Epidemiology ‫العدوى‬ ‫انتقال‬ ‫طرق‬ The infection is spread primarily through direct contact between animals, with clinically infected animals being the greatest source of infection.  The spores of ringworm fungi survive many months and in some cases years in the farm environment and may be transmitted either by fomites (brushes, gates, feed carts…) ‫تعيش‬ ‫جراثيم‬ ‫فطريات‬ ‫القوباء‬ ‫الحلقية‬ ‫عدة‬ ‫أشهر‬ ‫وفي‬ ‫بعض‬ ‫الحاالت‬ ‫سنوات‬ ‫في‬ ‫بيئة‬ ‫المزرعة‬ ‫ويمكن‬ ‫أن‬ ‫تنتقل‬ ‫إما‬ ‫عن‬ ‫طريق‬ ‫ش‬َ‫ر‬ُ‫ف‬‫ال‬ ( ‫الفرشاة‬ ‫والبوابات‬ ‫وعربات‬ ‫العل‬ ‫ف‬

11. ‫العوامل‬ ‫هى‬ ‫ما‬ ‫انتشار‬ ‫نسبة‬ ‫على‬ ‫تؤثر‬ ‫التى‬ ‫المرض؟‬

12. Factors that influence susceptibility of an animal to dermatophyte 1 - Age of the animal: Animal less than 1 year of age are at greater risk for dermatomycosis. 2-Older animals: with decreased immune function also may be at increased risk for generalized 3-Poor nutrition, concurrent disease, previous use of immunosuppressive drugs.

13. Factors that influence susceptibility of an animal to dermatophyte 4-Environmental factors may play a role, since the prevalence of the disease is increased in hot, humid climates. Calves kept indoors or exposed to foggy weather with little or no sunlight have an increased incidence.

14. ‫أعراض‬ ‫هى‬ ‫ما‬ ‫فى‬ ‫المرض‬ ‫االبل؟‬

15. ‫المرض‬ ‫من‬ ‫االول‬ ‫الشكل‬ Dry, hairless, circular patches, with a thick, scaly, grey- whitish encrustation. The patches occur mostly on the head, neck, shoulder, legs and flanks. The patches begin small, about 1–2 cm in diameter. They gradually get bigger , and may merge. The patches do not itch.  ‫بقع‬ ‫جافة‬ ، ‫خالية‬ ‫من‬ ‫الشعر‬ ، ‫دائرية‬ ، ‫ذات‬ ‫قشرة‬ ‫سميكة‬ ، ‫متقشرة‬ ، ‫رمادية‬ ‫مائلة‬ ‫للبياض‬ .  ‫تظهر‬ ‫البقع‬ ‫في‬ ‫الغالب‬ ‫على‬ ‫الرأس‬ ‫والرقبة‬ ‫والكتف‬ ‫والساقين‬ ‫واألجنحة‬ .  ‫تبدأ‬ ‫البقع‬ ‫صغيرة‬ ، ‫قطرها‬ ‫حوالي‬ 1 - 2 ‫سم‬ . ‫إنها‬ ‫تكبر‬ ‫تدريجيا‬ ، ‫وقد‬ ‫تندمج‬ .  ‫البقع‬ ‫ال‬ ‫تسبب‬ ‫حكة‬ .

16. Ring wrom in head, neck chest abdomen in camel

17. ‫للمرض‬ ‫الثانى‬ ‫الشكل‬ ‫االبل‬ ‫فى‬ The second is a more generalized infection on head, neck, limbs and flanks, characterized by small, round alopecic areas, which may initially be confused with mange.  ‫والثاني‬ ‫هو‬ ‫عدوى‬ ‫أكثر‬ ‫عمومية‬ ‫في‬ ‫الرأس‬ ‫والرقبة‬ ‫واألطراف‬ ، ‫وتتميز‬ ‫بمناطق‬ ‫خاصة‬ ‫صغيرة‬ ‫مستديرة‬ ، ‫والتي‬ ‫يمكن‬ ‫في‬ ‫البداية‬ ‫الخلط‬ ‫بينها‬ ‫وبين‬ ‫الجرب‬ .

18. Generalized form in camel

19. ‫التشخيص‬ ‫التفريقى‬ ‫االبل‬ ‫فى‬ ‫للمرض‬

20. Differential Diagnosis Pox Mang Contagious skin necrosis.

21. Ring worm in camel ( ‫القرع‬ - ‫الحلقية‬ ‫القوباء‬ - ‫السعف‬ ) ❖ Cause ‫المسبب‬ ❖ Fungal affection‫فطر‬ ❖ Clinical signs‫االعراض‬ ❖ Circumscribed area free from hair ❖ ‫تنتشر‬ ‫الوبر‬ ‫من‬ ‫خالية‬ ‫بيضاء‬ ‫دوائر‬ ‫الحيوان‬ ‫جسم‬ ‫من‬ ‫كثيرة‬ ‫أجزاء‬ ‫فى‬ Circular area free from hair

22. Camel Pox ‫الجمال‬ ‫جدرى‬ ‫المسبب‬ : ‫فيروس‬ ‫االعراض‬ ١ - ‫الى‬ ‫تصل‬ ‫التى‬ ‫الحرارة‬ ‫درجة‬ ‫ارتفاع‬ 40 ° C ‫مخاطية‬ ‫فميه‬ ‫و‬ ‫انفية‬ ‫مع‬ ‫دمعيه‬ ‫فرازات‬ ‫وجود‬ ‫مع‬ ‫االكل‬ ‫منع‬ ‫و‬ . ٢ - ‫الرقبة‬ ‫و‬ ‫الوجه‬ ‫فى‬ ‫جلدية‬ ‫اعراض‬ ‫الجسم‬ ‫باقى‬ ‫و‬ ‫االرجل‬ ‫فى‬ ‫تنتشر‬ ‫ما‬ ‫سرعان‬ ‫مملوئة‬ ‫جلدية‬ ‫فقاقيع‬ ‫شكل‬ ‫على‬ ‫االصابات‬ ‫تكون‬ ‫و‬ ‫تنفجر‬ ‫مائية‬ ‫بسوائل‬ ‫بكتيرية‬ ‫ثانوية‬ ‫بعدوى‬ ‫لالصابة‬ ‫نتيجة‬ ‫صديد‬ ‫تكون‬ ‫و‬ ‫االصابة‬ ‫اماكن‬ ‫تجف‬ ‫ايام‬ ‫عدة‬ ‫بعد‬ ‫ثم‬ ‫الوقت‬ ‫مع‬ ‫تتساقط‬ ‫قشور‬ ‫تكون‬ ‫و‬ ‫شهر‬ ‫من‬ ‫أكثر‬ ‫إلى‬ ‫االصابة‬ ‫هذة‬ ‫مراحل‬ ‫تمتد‬ ‫قد‬ :

23. Camel Mange ‫االبل‬ ‫فى‬ ‫الجرب‬ ❖ ‫الجرب‬ ‫حشرة‬ ‫الرئيسى‬ ‫المسبب‬ ❖ ‫االعراض‬ ❖ Itching‫الصلبة‬ ‫االجسام‬ ‫في‬ ‫الجلد‬ ‫حك‬ ❖ Erythema‫للجلد‬ ‫احمرارى‬ ‫التهاب‬ ❖ Scale and thickening of skin ‫قشور‬ ‫الجلد‬ ‫سمك‬ ‫فى‬ ‫زيادة‬ ‫مع‬ ‫جلدية‬ ❖ Alopecia‫الوبر‬ ‫من‬ ‫خالية‬ ‫مناطق‬ ❖ Fissure and cracks‫الجلد‬ ‫فى‬ ‫تشققات‬ ❖ General weakness‫للحيوان‬ ‫عام‬ ‫ضعف‬

24. Camel Contagious Eczema(Orfe) ‫االبل‬ ‫فى‬ ‫المعدى‬ ‫االكزيما‬ ‫مرض‬ ❖ Is a viral disease of camels is caused by a Para-poxvirus (PPV) ‫ينتمى‬ ‫معدي‬ ‫فيروسى‬ ‫مرض‬ ‫الجدري‬ ‫عائلة‬ ‫الى‬ ❖ The clinical signs are proliferative skin lesions, papules, scabs on the lips and nares. ‫و‬ ‫بثرات‬ ‫بظهور‬ ‫تبدأ‬ ‫االعراض‬ ‫واالنف‬ ‫الشفتين‬ ‫على‬ ‫مائية‬ ‫وحويصالت‬

25. ‫العجول‬ ‫فى‬ ‫المرض‬ ‫أعراض‬

26. Clinical signs in calves Grey-white areas of skin with an ash like surface Usually circular in outline and slightly raised Size of lesions very variable, can become very extensive In calves most commonly found around eyes, on ears and on back, in adult cattle chest and legs more common.  ‫الرماد‬ ‫يشبه‬ ‫سطح‬ ‫مع‬ ‫واألبيض‬ ‫الرمادي‬ ‫اللون‬ ‫ذات‬ ‫الجلد‬ ‫مناطق‬  ‫قليال‬ ‫ومرتفعة‬ ‫العريضة‬ ‫الخطوط‬ ‫في‬ ‫دائرية‬ ‫تكون‬ ‫ما‬ ‫عادة‬  ‫للغاية‬ ‫النطاق‬ ‫واسع‬ ‫يصبح‬ ‫أن‬ ‫يمكن‬ ، ‫للغاية‬ ‫متغير‬ ‫اآلفات‬ ‫حجم‬  ‫الماش‬ ‫صدر‬ ‫وفي‬ ‫والظهر‬ ‫واألذنين‬ ‫العينين‬ ‫حول‬ ‫الموجودة‬ ‫العجول‬ ‫في‬ ‫ا‬‫شيوع‬ ‫أكثر‬ ‫ية‬ ‫ا‬‫شيوع‬ ‫أكثر‬ ‫والساقين‬ ‫البالغة‬ .

27. Ring worm lesions of face, neck and body of a calf.

28. Mange Ringworm

29. ‫االغنام‬ ‫فى‬ ‫المرض‬ ‫اعراض‬

30. ‫فى‬ ‫المرض‬ ‫اعراض‬ ‫الخيو‬ ‫ل‬

31. ‫والكالب‬ ‫القطط‬ ‫فى‬ ‫االعراض‬

32. ‫والقطط‬ ‫الكالب‬ ‫فى‬ ‫االعراض‬ Clinical signs can include any combination of hair loss, scaling, crusting, erythema, papules, hyperpigmentation, and variable pruritus. Nodular lesions (kerion) reactions can develop in dogs.  Cats can also develop exudative paronychia. Pustular dermatophytosis can mimic clinical signs of dermatophytosis.

33. ‫والقطط‬ ‫الكالب‬ ‫فى‬ ‫االعراض‬  ‫يمكن‬ ‫أن‬ ‫تشمل‬ ‫العالمات‬ ‫السريرية‬ ‫أي‬ ‫مزيج‬ ‫من‬ ‫تساقط‬ ‫الشعر‬ ، ‫والتقشير‬ ، ‫والت‬ ‫قشر‬ ، ‫والحمامي‬ ، ‫والحطاطات‬ ، ‫وفرط‬ ‫التصبغ‬ ، ‫والحكة‬ ‫المتغيرة‬ . ‫يمكن‬ ‫أن‬ ‫تتطور‬ ‫تفاعالت‬ ‫اآلفات‬ ‫العقدية‬ ( kerion) ‫في‬ ‫الكالب‬ .  ‫يمكن‬ ‫للقطط‬ ‫ا‬‫أيض‬ ‫تطوير‬ ‫الداحس‬ ‫النضحي‬ .  ‫يمكن‬ ‫أن‬ ‫تحاكي‬ ‫الفطار‬ ‫الجلدي‬ ‫البثرية‬ ‫العالمات‬ ‫السريرية‬ ‫للفطار‬ ‫الجلدي‬ .

34. These are nodular lesions on the muzzle and nose of a dog that was rooting around in the dirt.

35. Hair loss, puppy Note the multifocal areas of hair loss, scaling and crusting. The two major differential diagnoses in this puppy would be dermatophytosis and demodicosis.

36. Hair loss, cat Note the areas of hair loss on the face of this cat. This is a common clinical presentation of dermatophytosis.

37. ‫التشخيص‬ ‫وسائل‬

38. 1-WOOD'S LAMP EXAMINATION ‫بنفسجية‬ ‫الفوق‬ ‫االشعة‬ ‫لمبة‬ ‫استخدام‬ A Wood's lamp is a light that uses long wave ultraviolet light. When an area of scalp that is infected is viewed under a Wood's light, the fungus may glow. This test may be done to detect the presence of a fungal scalp or skin infection.  ‫مصباح‬ Wood ‫هو‬ ‫ضوء‬ ‫يستخدم‬ ‫موجة‬ ‫طويلة‬ ‫من‬ ‫الضوء‬ ‫فوق‬ ‫البنفسجي‬ .  ‫عندما‬ ‫يتم‬ ‫عرض‬ ‫منطقة‬ ‫مصابة‬ ( ‫بالقوباء‬ ‫الحلقية‬ ) ‫تحت‬ ‫ضوء‬ ‫وود‬ ، ‫فقد‬ ‫يتوهج‬ ‫ا‬ ‫لفطر‬ .  ‫تتألق‬ ‫بعض‬ ‫الفطريات‬ ‫وبعض‬ ‫البكتيريا‬ ‫بشكل‬ ‫طبيعي‬ ‫تحت‬ ‫األشعة‬ ‫فوق‬ ‫الب‬ ‫نفسجية‬ .

39. WOOD'S LAMP EXAMINATION Wood’s lamp examinations are very useful to find lesions that would otherwise be missed on examination in room light alone. Wood’s lamps can also be used to help locate hairs for direct examination. ‫تعد‬ ‫فحوصات‬ ‫المصباح‬ ‫التي‬ ‫أجراها‬ ‫وود‬ ‫مفيدة‬ ‫ا‬‫جد‬ ‫للعثور‬ ‫على‬ ‫اآلفات‬ ‫التي‬ ‫قد‬ ‫ي‬ ‫تم‬ ‫تفويتها‬ ‫عند‬ ‫الفحص‬ ‫في‬ ‫ضوء‬ ‫الغرفة‬ ‫وحده‬ . ‫يمكن‬ ‫ا‬‫أيض‬ ‫استخدام‬ ‫مصابيح‬ Wood ‫للمساعدة‬ ‫في‬ ‫تحديد‬ ‫مكان‬ ‫الشعر‬ ‫للفحص‬ ‫المباشر‬ .

40. Wood’s Lamp (Courtesy of Stephanie Peters) Positive fluorescence in feline dermatophytosis (Courtesy of Stephanie Peters)

41. Circumscribed lesions on the shoulder , areas of round shaped alopecia with erythema, scaling. Positive Wood’s lamp examination – apple green glow associated with the root of each hair

42. Positive fluorescence in feline dermatophytosis

43. ‫تشخيص‬ ‫حاالت‬ ‫العدوى‬ ‫الفطرية‬ ‫باستخدام‬ ‫جهاز‬ ‫االشعة‬ ‫فوق‬ ‫البنفسي‬ ‫جية‬

44. Tinea capitis caused by Microsporum canis, with blue-greenish fluorescence in scaly areas and parasitized follicles under WL

45. 2- Sample collection Cotton swabs, soaked in 70% ethanol, were used to clean the infected area. Lesions were scrapped using a sterile scalpel and specimens were collected in sterile petri-dishes.  1 - ‫جمع‬ ‫العينات‬ :  ‫تم‬ ‫استخدام‬ ‫مسحات‬ ‫قطنية‬ ‫منقوعة‬ ‫في‬ 70 ٪ ‫من‬ ‫اإليثانول‬ ‫لتنظيف‬ ‫المنطقة‬ ‫المصابة‬ .  ‫يتم‬ ‫التخلص‬ ‫من‬ ‫اآلفات‬ ‫باستخدام‬ ‫مشرط‬ ‫معقم‬ ‫وتم‬ ‫جمع‬ ‫العينات‬ ‫في‬ ‫أطباق‬ ‫بتري‬ ‫معقمة‬ .

46. 3-Laboratory tests A-Direct microscopy: Microscopic examination reveals the constituents of the fungi on the skin and hair fragments B-Culture: Culture mediums are : Sabouraud’s agar, mycobiotic agar and dermatophyte test medium (DTM). In order to arrive at a conclusive answer culture time may need to be extended for as long as three weeks.

47. Normal hair and an M canis-infected hair This is a 40X image of a normal hair (thin arrow) and a an infected hair (thick arrow). Note the cuffs of spores on the outside of the hair shaft. Animal dermatophytes show these cuffs or ectothrix spores.

48. ‫للعالج‬ ‫العامة‬ ‫الخطوط‬

49. Main Line of Treatment 1- Topical antifungal treatment 2- Systemic antifungal treatment 3- Vitamin A&D 4-Immunostimulant

50. ‫الموضعى‬ ‫للعالج‬ ‫بالنسبة‬ ‫مهمة‬ ‫مالحظات‬ Wash the patches with soap and water to remove the crusts. the crusts should be removed by scraping or brushing. They should be collected and burned to avoid contaminating the premises.  Lesions should be treated at least twice, three to five days apart.

51. ‫الموضعى‬ ‫للعالج‬ ‫أمثلة‬ Topical treatments that may be effective for limited lesions or selective treatment of a few animals include: R/Apply iodine solution or a 50:50 tincture of iodine–glycerin mixture. Repeat every 2 days until the patches disappear. R/Lime sulphur (2%)preparations

52. ‫الموضعى‬ ‫للعالج‬ ‫امثلة‬ ‫تابع‬ R/Miconazole or clotrimazole or terbinafine cream once or twice daily;( not approved for use in dairy cattle). R/Spray with enilconazole 0.2% (Imaverol) 2–3 times at 3-day intervals. every 5–7 days for a minimum of 4 weeks or until beyond resolution of lesions R/Apply a topical antimycotic agent such as Mycostatin

53. 2- Systemic Treatment 1.Griseofulvin 20 to 60 mg/kg orally for 7 or more days. (Griseofulvin is not approved for use in cattle& camel) 2-Sodium iodide 20% solution: R/ 150 cc per 450 kg intravenously (IV), repeated in 3 to 4 days 3.Vitamins A and D: Only indicated if animals have been kept completely out of sunlight; efficacy not proven

54. ‫العالج‬ ‫برنامج‬ ‫للقطط‬ ‫والكال‬ ‫ب‬

55. ‫والكالب‬ ‫القطط‬ ‫فى‬ ‫العالج‬ 1- Systemic treatment: Cats can be treated with itraconazole (5 mg/kg, PO, once daily on a week on/week off schedule). Most infections are resolved after 3 or 4 cycles. Small dogs can be treated with oral itraconazole (5 mg/kg, once daily); pulse therapy is likely to be effective, but this has not been documented.  Other dogs can be treated with ketoconazole (5 mg/kg, once daily) or terbinafine (30–40 mg/kg, once daily).

56. ‫والكالب‬ ‫القطط‬ ‫فى‬ ‫العالج‬ 2- Topical treatment: A whole body rinse (lime sulfur 1:16 or enilconazole 1:100) should be used twice a week; these products have residual activity.  Shampoo containing 2% chlorhexidine and 2% miconazole is effective and may be the only option in countries where lime sulfur or enilconazole is not available; shampoo therapy has no residual activity. Even if systemic therapy is stopped, topical therapy should be continued until a mycologic cure is demonstrated.

57. ‫مالحظات‬ ‫للعالج‬ ‫بالنسبة‬ ‫مهمة‬

58. ‫للعالج‬ ‫بالنسبة‬ ‫مهمة‬ ‫مالحظات‬ Infection is usually self-limiting, with spontaneous remission occurring in 1 to 3 months in healthy animals; however, the risk of contagion and zoonosis often prompt treatment to hasten resolution.  ‫إلى‬ ‫شهر‬ ‫غضون‬ ‫في‬ ‫تلقائية‬ ‫مغفرة‬ ‫حدوث‬ ‫مع‬ ، ‫الشفاء‬ ‫ذاتية‬ ‫العدوى‬ ‫تكون‬ ‫ما‬ ‫عادة‬ ‫ثالثة‬ ‫المن‬ ‫الحيوانية‬ ‫واألمراض‬ ‫العدوى‬ ‫خطر‬ ‫فإن‬ ، ‫ذلك‬ ‫ومع‬ ‫؛‬ ‫السليمة‬ ‫الحيوانات‬ ‫في‬ ‫أشهر‬ ‫شأ‬ ‫الحل‬ ‫لتسريع‬ ‫العالج‬ ‫إلى‬ ‫يدفع‬ ‫ما‬ ‫ا‬‫غالب‬ .

59. ‫العجول‬ ‫مزارع‬ ‫فى‬ ‫العالج‬ ‫اثناء‬ ‫عقبات‬ Treatment of ringworm in cattle faces two major obstacles: The difficulty of eliminating the organism from the environment. The number of animals that need to be treated.  ‫يواجه‬ ‫عالج‬ ‫السعفة‬ ‫في‬ ‫الماشية‬ ‫عقبتين‬ ‫رئيسيتين‬ :  ‫صعوبة‬ ‫القضاء‬ ‫على‬ ‫الكائن‬ ‫الحي‬ ‫من‬ ‫البيئة‬ .  ‫عدد‬ ‫الحيوانات‬ ‫المراد‬ ‫عالجها‬ .

60. ‫العجول‬ ‫مزارع‬ ‫فى‬ ‫العالج‬ ‫اثناء‬ ‫عقبات‬ Only one product is available containing Enilconazole. A member of the conazole family Needs 2 or 3 weekly applications Kills the surface infection but not very sporicidal Applied as an emulsified wash Penetrates into hair follicles, but unable to do so if a lot of surface encrustation exists that prevents soaking of the deep follicles.

61. ‫العجول‬ ‫مزارع‬ ‫فى‬ ‫العالج‬ ‫اثناء‬ ‫عقبات‬  ‫يتوفر‬ ‫منتج‬ ‫واحد‬ ‫فقط‬ ‫يحتوي‬ ‫على‬ Enilconazole.  ‫أحد‬ ‫أفراد‬ ‫عائلة‬ ‫كونازول‬  ‫يحتاج‬ ‫إلى‬ 2 ‫أو‬ 3 ‫تطبيقات‬ ‫أسبوعية‬  ‫يقتل‬ ‫العدوى‬ ‫السطحية‬ ‫ولكنه‬ ‫ال‬ ‫يقتل‬ ‫األبواغ‬  ‫يطبق‬ ‫كغسول‬ ‫مستحلب‬  ‫يخترق‬ ‫بصيالت‬ ‫الشعر‬ ، ‫لكنه‬ ‫غير‬ ‫قادر‬ ‫على‬ ‫القيام‬ ‫بذلك‬ ‫إذا‬ ‫كان‬ ‫هناك‬ ‫الكثير‬ ‫من‬ ‫القشرة‬ ‫السطحية‬ ‫التي‬ ‫تمنع‬ ‫نقع‬ ‫البصيالت‬ ‫العميقة‬

62. ‫طرق‬ ‫الوقاي‬ ‫ة‬ ● ‫تأمين‬ ‫التغذية‬ ‫الجيدة‬ ‫للقطيع‬ ‫وتوفير‬ ‫كميات‬ ‫وافرة‬ ‫من‬ ‫االمالح‬ ‫لدورها‬ ‫في‬ ‫الوقاي‬ ‫ة‬ ‫من‬ ‫االمراض‬ ‫الجلدية‬ .  ● ‫يمكن‬ ‫استخدام‬ ‫مركب‬ ‫جريسيوفولفين‬ Griseofulvin ) ‫بمعدل‬ 5 – 7 ‫ملجم‬ / ‫كلجم‬ ‫وزن‬ ‫في‬ ‫الماء‬ ‫لمدة‬ ‫أسبوع‬ ‫لعالج‬ ‫االصابات‬ ‫الجماعية‬ ‫والعدوى‬ ‫المنتشرة‬ .

63. ‫على‬ ‫االجابة‬ ‫األسئلة‬ ‫؟‬

Ring worm in camels, calves & pet animals Prof. Dr Hamed Attia.pdf

Estás leyendo una previsualización.

Eche un vistazo a continuación

Ring worm in camels, calves & pet animals Prof. Dr Hamed Attia.pdf

Más Contenido Relacionado

Similares a Ring worm in camels, calves & pet animals Prof. Dr Hamed Attia.pdf (20)

Más de HamedAttia3 (20)

Más reciente (20)

Ring worm in camels, calves & pet animals Prof. Dr Hamed Attia.pdf