tonofilament
ton-b-filc^-ment
A structural cytoplasmic protein, of a class known as
intermediate filaments, bundles of which together form a
tonofibril; a tonofilament is made up of a variable number of
related proteins, keratins, and is found in all epithelial cells,
but is particularly well developed in the epidermis.
neurofilament
noor-b-filc^-ment
A class of intermediate filaments found in neurons.
microtubule
A hollow, cylindrical cytoplasmic element, 20–27 nm
in diameter and of variable length, that occurs widely
in the cytoskeleton, cilia, and flagella of cells;
microtubules play a role in the maintenance of cell
shape and increase in number during mitosis and
meiosis, where they are related to movement of the
chromosomes by the nuclear spindle.
cytocentrum
A zone of cytoplasm containing one or two centrioles
but devoid of other organelles; usually located near
the nucleus of a cell.
Syn: central body, cell center, centrosome,
cinocentrum, kinocentrum, microcentrum.
نږدې ته هستې
سایتوپالزم د
دوه یا یو کې هغه په چې ده برخه یوه
کېږي لیدل نه پکې ارګانیلونه نور خو لري موقعیت سنتریولونه
.
تبارزات سطحې د حجرې د
(
projection from the cell surface
:)
کیږي لیدل سره شکلونو الندې په تبارزات دا
:
۱
-
Cillia
.
۲
-
Flagella
.
۳
-
Microvilli
.
immotile cilia syndrome:
an inherited disorder characterized by:
1- recurrent sinopulmonary infections,
2- reduced fertility in women,
3- sterility in men.
due to the inability of ciliated structures to beat
effectively because of the absence of one or both
dynein arms; autosomal recessive inheritance.
Kartagener syndrome.
lipofuscin
Brown pigment granules representing lipid-containing
residues of lysosomal digestion and considered one of
the aging or “wear and tear” pigments; found in liver,
kidney, heart muscle, adrenal, and ganglion cells.