basic guidence of automatic wheelchair

1. ABSTRACT
Wheel Chair is a mobility device designed for shifting patients, moving physically challenged
people from one place to another with the help of attendee or by means of self propelling. The
wheel chair is divided into two different types based on the power used for mobility: 1. Manually
powered wheelchairs. 2. Electric powered wheelchairs. Manual powered wheelchairs are driven
by manual power which is again classified into foldable and non-foldable with or without
commode design. Electrical powered wheel chairs runs with electric power however manual
operation is required to operate the joystick for the movement of the chair. The redesign of
manual wheel chair was considered for this project.
The design of wheel chair started by means of literature review to know its evaluation from
earlier to the present generation. Market study was carried out to know the present competitors
available in the market with cost analysis of the existing product. Ethnography study was done to
observe the need, the importance of the existing product and to address the design gap in the
existing product to the user need through questionnaires. The feedback was taken from different
users and attendees, concept generation and design execution was done by the implementation of
design methodologies like Quality Function Deployment, Mind mapping, Product Design
Specification. The final output is a wheel chair which gives multiple options to the user and
attendee by providing ease of defecation, cleaning and changing of clothes. Adjustable back rest,
arm rest, leg rest provides comfort for the patient while resting. The adjustable arm rest provide
ease of shifting the patient from chair to the bed or to the vehicle. Facility provided for keeping
plate while having food, reading and keeping water bottle. Additional to this alarm facility is
provided to inform the attendee that there is a need of his / her presence to the patient. Validation
of the prototype is done and usage is found satisfactory.
Wheel chair is controlled by hands, lags, head.
Key Words: Mobility Device, Wheel Chair, Ethnographic Research, QFD, PDS

2. INTRODUCTION
A chair with wheels designed as a replacement for walking is known as wheel chair. This is
used for movement of physically disabled, elder people, children who have difficulty and are
unable to walk. This device comes in many variations like self propelled, propelled by the motor
or with the help of an attendee to push.
At present patients are facing problem while defecating. Patients needs to be lifted up and
helped to remove the dress and make them defecate, which is discomforting to the patients in
emergency condition. The design of back rest in the existing wheel chair creates repetitive stress
injury if the patient is sitting for a long time. The present design of brake needs to be improved
for better impact and application of brake in slope area. Arm rest creates obstruction while
shifting the patient from wheel chair to vehicles, no solution in the existing design to make ease
of shifting of patient to transportation vehicle.
The wheel chair that runs by means of Electric motor is known as electric-powered wheelchair,
this wheel chair requires navigational controls, usually a small joystick mounted on the armrest.
For users who cannot manage a manual joystick, head switches are provided and chin-operated
joysticks are provided, other specialist controls may also be provided for independent operation
of the wheelchair. Motorized wheelchairs are useful for those unable to propel manually or who
require travelling for a long distance which creates difficulty for manual operation. These wheel
chairs are not only used by traditional mobility impairments but also by cardiovascular patients

3. CONCEPT
Concept was generated with the PDS structure implemented on the basic design of wheel chair.
The design was developed as a combined solution in a basic wheel chair model with commode
design for ease of defecation for the patients and elder people. Sliding arm rest was provided for
the ease of shifting the patient from chair to the bed or to the vehicle, cushioned foot rest for the
cushioning feel to the foot. A good improved brake system provided to stop the wheel chair
when moving down stairs in inclined angle.
The wheel chair with foldable x frame design, cushioned seat with head rest that allows the
patients to rest the head and back comfortably (Neck injured, back injured, stomach operated,
shoulder injured people). The opening of the commode is provided at the front portion of the
wheel chair so that the patient can open the commode before defecating and close after the
defecating. Water tank with flush gun provided for ease of cleaning after defecation. The back
rest, commode seat can be dismantled and the chair can be folded which helps in ease of
transportation. Additional features like support plate for keeping plates while having food, keep
books & laptop in case of student using the wheel chair, bell provided for indication of help
required by the patient at the time of attendee away from him.

4. APPLICATIONS
Different Applications of Wheel Chair:
 In Hospitals, Nursing homes
 In Houses
 In Pilgrim places
 In Travelling
 In Sports
 In Beaches
During Emergency like:
 Road Accidents
 Fire Accidents
 Air Accidents
 Maternity emergency
 Physical disorders
In day to day life by:
 Physically challenged people
 Old people unable to walk
 Physically challenged children
.

5. Material to be used & Estimated cost
Material:
Name of material Cost
 High torque DC gear motor 5,000
 Frame –25mm x 1mm thick hallow pipe of stainless steel 304 3,000
 Body – 1 mm thick Stain less steel 304 sheet 1,500
 Wheel rim – 304 stainless steel 2,000
 Tyre – hard nylon rubber 2,000
 Seat & Back rest – cushioned foam seat 1,500
 Brake – mechanical operated disc brake 1,000
 Commode – rigid plastic 1,000
 AVR controller board 6,000
 Bluetooth sensor module 4,000
 RF module 1,000
 DTMF module 3,000
 Accelerometer sensor 2,500
 Foldable foot rest 1,000
 Hand grip 300
 Battery 6,000
Estimated cost: 40,000 to 45,000

6. REFERENCES
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7037-1
[2] Croteau, C. (1998), “Wheel chair mobility hand book”, Park press publishing
[3] Cooper, R. A., PH.D. (1998) “Wheel chair selection and Configuration”, Demos Medical
Publishing Inc
[4] Bechtel, R., Certified Rehabilitation Technology Supplier: University of Michigan Health
Systems Wheelchair Seating Services. (734) 971-8286
[5] Chitale, A. C., Gupta, R. C. (2002),“ Product design and manufacturing”, Prentice-hall
[6] Lal, G. K., Vijay Gupta (2010), “ Fundamentals of design and manufacturing”, Narosa Book
[7] Chakrobarti, D. (1997), “Indian Anthropometric dimensions for Ergonomic design Practice”,
National Institute of Design,
[8] McCombs, K. (2002), “Material hand book”, McGraw-Hill
[9] Vaccari, J. A.(2002), “Material hand book”, McGraw-Hill
[10] Ulrich. K. (1995), “Product Design & Development”, Mc Graw Hill Company
[11] Anonymous. (Dated 20-05-2011), “http: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheelchair”
[12] Anonymous. (Dated 20-05-2011), “http ://en.wikipedia.org /wiki / Manual Wheelchair”
[13] Anonymous. (Dated 20-05-2011), “http: //www.amazon.com/Wheelchair-book-mobility-
disabled”
[14] Anonymous. (Dated 20-05-2011), “http: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ergonomics”
[15] Anonymous. (Dated 20-05-2011),“http: //www.indiamedico.com / rehabilitation
_aids_products”
[16] Anonymous.(Dated20-05-2011), “http:// www.globalsources.com/manufacturers/
Wheelchair.html”
[17]Anonymous. (Dated 21-05-2011), “http:// www.tradeindia.com/manufacturers
/indianmanufacturers/Wheelchair.html”

7. Automatic Wheel Chair
A
Major Project
submitted
in partial fulfillment
for the award of the Degree of
Bachelor of Technology
in Department of Mechanical Engineering
Under The Guidance of: Submitted By:
Mr. Antriksh Gautam Hariom (k10655)
Asst. Prof. Of M.E. Dept. Harshit Patidar (k11037)
Samant Singh (k11019)
Wasique Ahmad (k10998)
Shivkant Tiwari(k10772)