The document describes various types of equipment used in the pharmaceutical industry. It provides details on 15 different pieces of equipment, including transdermal patch machines, linear vial washing machines, tablet filling and sealing machines, capsule manufacturing equipment, drying equipment like spray dryers and lyophilizers, and separation equipment like cyclones. For each type of equipment, it discusses the working, uses, specifications of models available from different manufacturers.

1. EQUIPMENTS USED IN PHARMA INDUSTRY
SUBJECT : IP – II (BP702TT)
Prepared By :- Harshvardhan M. Raval

2. Contents :-
1. Transdermal Patch Machine
2. Linear Vial Washing Machine
3. Visually Track Size & Count Nanoparticles (Equipment)
4. Ampoule Sticker Labelling Machine
5. Tube Filling & Sealing Machine
6. Equipments Used In Manufacturing Of Tablets ( 4 )
7. Equipments Used For Study Of Micromeritics ( 3 )
8. Equipments Used In Manufacturing Of Capsules ( 4 )
9. Mixing Equipments ( 2 )
10. Drying Equipments ( 2 )
11. Evaporator Machine
12. Seperation Equipments ( 2 )
13. Volumetric Liquid Filling Machine

3. Transdermal Patch Machine
• Transdermal Is A Route Of Administration Wherein Active Ingredients
Are Delivered Across The Skin For Systemic Distribution. Delta Mod
Tech Transdermal Machine Has Following Features..
1. Precise Die Cutting And Placement Technologies: Using Our
Advanced Die Cutting And Placement Techniques, You Can Achieve
Smaller Cuts With Less Scrap, Maximizing Your Drug Utilization.
2. Advanced Tension Control
3. Lot / Date Code Printing
4. Vision Inspection Of Products
5. Heat-seal Pouching: Repeatable Seal Time, Temperature And
Pressure Settings With Continuous High Speed Motion. Delta Mod Tech

4. Diagrams And Video

5. Linear Vial Washing Machine
• This machine to make the surfaces of vial free from
any dust or foreign particles. The cleaning of vial is an
important procedure in order to make it suitable for
further pharmaceutical applications.
• NKP Pharma offers two variants- NKLVW 150H / 250H
and NKAC 120.
• NKLVW 150H / 250H capacity - 120 vials per minute
• NKAC 120 Capacity – 240 vials per minute
• The vial size can vary from 2 ml. to 100 ml NKP Pharma

6. Visually Track Size & Count Nanoparticles
• Nanosight Range Of Instruments Utilizes Nanoparticle Tracking
Analysis (NTA) To Characterize Nanoparticles From 10nm - 1000nm In
Solution.
• Each Particle Is Individually But Simultaneously Analyzed By Direct
Observation And Measurement Of Diffusion Events.
• This Particle-by-particle Methodology Produces High Resolution
Results For Nanoparticle Size Distribution And Concentration.
• Both Particle Size And Concentration Are Measured.
Malvern - NS 300

7. Working Video :

8. Ampoule Sticker Labeling Machine
• Ampoule Is A Small Sealed Vial Which Is Used To Contain And
Preserve A Sample, Usually A Solid Or Liquid. Ampoules Are
Usually Made Of Glass.
• Modern Ampoules Are Most Commonly Used To
Contain Pharmaceuticals And Chemicals That Must Be
Protected From Air And Contaminants. They Are Aseptically
Sealed By Melting The Thin Top With An Open Flame, And
Usually Opened By Snapping Off The Neck. The Space
Above The Chemical May Be Filled With An Inert
Gas Before Sealing.
• Capacity : Up To 300 Labels Per Minute

9. Tube Filling Sealing Machine
• High Speed Linear Double Head Tube Filling Sealing Machine Can
Be Used As Tube Filling And Sealing Machine For Plastic Tube And
Aluminium Tubes.
• Fully Automatic Linear High Speed 52 Stations Double
Head,(single Hopper Two Nozzle) Tube In Feeder Cassette Device
Attached Lami/Plastic Tube Filling, Sealing And Coding Machine.
• Product To Fill - Ointment / Cream Into The Lami/Plastic Tube.
• Manufacterer – Multi Pack Machinery
SBTFS-250

10. Equipments Used In
Manufacturing Of Tablets:
❖Tablet Is Defined As The Solid Unit Dosage Form Containing Drug Substance
With Or Without Diluents Prepared By Either Compression Or Moulding.
❖Different Equipments Used During Whole Process Of Manufacturing Of Tablet
Are Listed Below…
1.Tablet Metal Detector
2. Tablet Polishing Machine
3.Hardness Tester And Friability Tester
4.Tablet Disintegrating Tester

11. 1. Tablet Metal Detector
• Pharmaceutical Industries Need To Perform Strict Quality
Check Inspection Of Products And For That, They Require A
Metal Detector, Which Can Detect And Remove The Metallic
Contaminations.
• It Can Efficiently Detect The Metal-contaminated Tablets And
Can Remove Them Automatically From The Production Line.
• Brand : UNIQUE EQUIPMENT
• Material : Stainless Steel
• Voltage : 220-230 V
• Power Source : Electric

12. 2. Tablet polishing machine
• It Is An Automatic Equipment For Polishing Tablets With
Dust Removal From The Surface Designed For
Dedusting Tablets Of Any Shape.
• Used For Small Scale.
• Productivity : 500,000 Tabs / Hour
• Used For All Standard Diameter Of Tablets Upto 20mm.
• Made Up Of Stainless Steel
• Model : TT-18 Tablet Polishing Machine

13. 3. Hardness Tester And Friabilator
• Types Of Hardness Testers :
1. Monsanto Tester {In Kgs}
2. Strong Cobb Tester
3. Pfizer Tester
4. Erweka Tester {In Kgs}
5. Vickers Tester
• Ideal Range : 4-6 Kgs
• Friability Testing Is A Laboratory Technique Used By
The Pharmaceutical Industry To Test The Durability
Of Tablets During Transit. This Testing Involves
Repeatedly Dropping A Sample Of Tablets Over A
Fixed Time, Using A Rotating Wheel.
• Height : 6 Inchs , 25rpm
• Ideal Range : Not More Than 1% (IP)
Not More Than 0.5-1% (USP)

14. 4.Tablet Disintegration Tester
• Disintegration Refers To The Mechanical Break Up Of A
Compressed Tablet Into Small Granules Upon Ingestion,it Is Characterised
By The Breakdown Of The Interparticulate Bonds.
• No.Of Tab Used : 6
• No.Of Glass Tubes : 6
• Mesh Screen Size : 10 Mesh;1.7mm (USP)
8 Mesh;2mm (IP)
• Vol.Of Water/Phosphate Buffer : 900ml
• Temperature : 37.2°c
• Speed : 28-32 Rpm

15. Equipments Used For Study Of
Micromeritics
• Micromeritics Refers To A Discipline Of Science And Technology That Deals With Studies Related To The
Fundamental As Well Derived Properties Of Particles. A Precise Knowledge Of The Particles Size Is Of
Supreme Importance In The Pharmaceutical And Materials Science.
• Different Equioments Used For Different Purposes Are Listed Below
1. Particle Size Determination : Electron Microscope , Coulter Counter Method , Sieveing Method,
Sedimentation Method
2. Particle Surface Area Determination : Adsorption And Air Permeability Method
3. Flow Properties : Angle Of Repose
4. Particle Shape : Light Scattering , Optical Microscopy

16. 1. Coulter Counter Machine
• The Coulter Method Of Sizing And Counting Particles Is Based
On Measurable Changes In Electrical Impedance Produced By
Nonconductive Particles Suspended In An Electrolyte. A Small
Opening (Aperture) Between Electrodes Is The Sensing Zone
Through Which Suspended Particles Pass.
• Size Of Particles : 0.5-500 µm
• It Can Determine 4000 Particles Per Sec
• Used For Study Of Antibiotic On Microbes And To Determine
Volume Diameter Of Particles.

17. 2. Fisher Subsieve Sizer
• In This Machine The Powder Is Packed As A Compact Plug , So The
Capillaries Are Formed Because Particle-particle Are Closely Arranged.
• When The Air Is Passed At A Constant Pressure Through The Bed , It
Resist The Passage Of Air. This Causes Pressure Drop, And It Is Related
To Surface Area. Greater The Surface Area Greater Will The Resistance
To Flow
• Brand : HMK-22
• Features : Stable Performance
Long Working Time
Excellent Repeatability

18. 3. Anderson Pippete
• The Andreasen Method Assumes That Particles
Will Sediment At A Rate Dependent On Their Size
And Further Assumes The Validity Of Stoke´s Law
In This Respect.
• It Measures The Terminal Settling Velocity Of
Particles Through A Liquid Medium In A
Gravitational Centrifugal Environment.
• Size Range - 0.08-300 µm

19. Equipments Used In Capsule
Manufactering
• Capsule Can Be Defined As Solid Dosage Form In Which The Drug Substance Is Enclosed Within A Hard Or
Soft Soluble Shell Generally Made Up Of Gelatin. Type Of Gelatin Is A & B.
• Equipments Used In Capsule Manufacturing Are..
1. Rotofill – Filling Of Capsule
2. Rotoweigh And Vericap 1200 – Weighning Of Capsule
3. Rotosort – Sorting Of Capsule
4. Erweka KEA & PM 60 – Polishing Of Capsule

20. 1. Rotofill Machine
• Capsule Filling Machines Or Encapsulation Machines
Are Mechanical Devices Commonly Used For
Industrial And Pharmaceutical Purposes.
• These Machines Are Used To Fill Empty Soft Or Hard
Gelatin Capsules Of Various Sizes With Powders,
Granules Or Liquids Substances Containing Active
Pharmaceutical Ingredients Or A Mixture Of Active
Drug Substances And Excipients.
• Output – 240-360 Capsules / Hour

21. 2. Vericap 1200
• Vericap 1200, Capable Of Weighing & Inspecting Upto 1200 Capsules
Per Minute, Handles Capsules From Size "00" To Size "4", Machine Is
Mounted On Stainless Steel Moble Stand.

22. 3. PM 60
• This Is Capsule Dedusting, Cleaning & Polishing Machine. It Continuously Cleans
The Capsules While Gently Transporting Them To The Next Process, Coarse Dust
Is Already Removed On The Vibratory Conveyor At The Infeed Before The
Capsules Get Between The Polishing Belts By Extremely Gentle & Dry Cleaning /
Polishing, A High Gloss Effect Is Achieved, Even At The Tips Of The Capsules
• Brand : Sonus Pharma Machines
• Capacity : Up To 200,000 Capsules / Hr

23. 4. Rotosort
• It Is Machine Used For Sorting Out The Manufactured Capsules.
• The Capsule Sorting Machine Is Quite Suitable To Sort Out Different Capsules.
• It Is Necessary To Sort Out Capsules Which Are Damaged During
Manufacturing.
• Type Of Damage : Broken Capsule
Improper Alignment Of Shell
Surface Crack
Surface Spots
Dents On Shell
Brand : Chitra

24. 1. Silverson Emulsifier
• Silverson Mixer Produces Intense Shearing Force And Turbulence By
The Use Of High Speed Turbine.
• This Turbulance Causes Liquid To Pass Through Fine Mesh Which Is
Closely Placed With Perforated Sheet.
• The Several Times Suction And Application Of Force Causes Rapid
Breakdown Of Dispersed Liquid Into Smaller Globules.
• Uses – Preparation Of Emulsion With Low Viscocity
Creams of Fine Globule Size
• Demerit – Batch Process
Clogging May Occur
Mixing Equipments :

25. 2. Ribbon Blender
• The Mechanism Of Mixing Is Shear.
• Shear Is Transferred To The Powder Bed By Moving Blades In A
Fixed Chamber.
• High Shear Rates Are Effective In Breaking Lumps And Aggregate.
• Convective Mixing Also Occurs As Power Bed Is Lifted And
Allowed To Cascade To The Bottom Of Container.
• Uses – To Mix Finely Divided Solids , Wet Solids , Sticky And Plastic
Solid. Used For Solid-solid And Solid-liquid Mixing.
• Demerit – Dead Spaces Are Observed
Has Fix Speed Motor
Brand – Innovative
Capacity – 10-5000kgs

26. 1. Spray Dryer Machine
• In This Dryer Fluid To Be Dried Is Atomized Into Fine Droplets , which
Are Thrown Readily Into Moving Stream Of Hot Gas.
• The Temperature Of Droplets Is Immediately Increased And Fine
Droplets Get Dried Immediately Into Spherical Particle.
• This Process Completes In Few Seconds Before Particles Reaches To
Wall.
• Process – 1.Atomization Of Liquid
2.Drying Of Droplets
3.Recovery Of Dried Product
• Uses – To Get Particles Ranging From 2-500 Μm
Thermolabile Substance Can Be Easily Dried.
Excel Plants & Equipment
Pvt Ltd
Drying Equipments :

27. 2. Lyophilizer Machine
• In Freeze Drying Water Is Completely Removed From The Concentrated
Suspension By Process Of Sublimation.
• That Is Direct Change Of Water From Solid Into Vapour Without
Conversion Into Liquid Phase. Drying Is Achieved By Subjecting Material
To Temperature And Pressure Below Triple Point. Under This Condition
Any Heat Transfer Is Used As A Latent Heat And Ice Sublimes Directly
Into Vapour State.
• Vapour Is Removed By Condensation And Dried Material Is Obtained.
• Uses – Production Of Injection , Solutions , Suspension .
Drying Of Products Such As Antibiotics , Steroids , Plant Extract
Brand – REVA
Model No. – R12

28. Climbing Film Evaporator
• In This Evaporator The Tubes Are Heated By Steam . Pre
Heated Feed Enters From The Bottom And Flows Up
Through Heated Tubes.
• The Liquid Get Heated Quickly Because Of Reduced
Thickness Of Solution And Evaporate Quickly.
• Uses – 1.Preparation Of Concentrated Soliution In Large
Quantities.
2. Clear , Foamy , Corrosive Liquid Can Be
Evaporated.
• Company - Leheng
MVR
Evaporator Machine

29. Cyclone Seperator
• In Cyclone Separator Centrifugal Force Is Used To Separate Solids
From Fluid.
• Seperation Process Depends Not Only On The Particle Size But Also
On The Density Of Particle .Depending Upon Fluid Velocity Cyclone
Separater Can Be Used To Separate All Type Of Particle.
• Uses – For The Separation Of Dust And Fine Material From Coarse.
• Features - Flow- Optimized Design
Superior Efficiency Over A Broad Flow Range
• Brand : PMI
PMI
Seperation Machine

30. Fluid Energy Mill ( Jet Mill )
• It Operates On The Principle Of Impact And Attrition .In
This Equipment Feed Stoke Is Suspended With A High
Velocity Air Stream.
• Milling Takes Place Because Of High Velocity Collison
Between Suspended Particles With Each Other And
Stationary Wall.
• Can Be Used For Ultrafine Grinding.
• Brand - Varahi Industries
• Model - VMF-2 To VMF-30
VMF-2

31. Volumetric Liquid Filling Machine
• In this machine liquid dosage form such as syrup and solutions are
filled in the container.
• Features : ± 1 % Filling accuracy on single dose.
2. No bottle No filling system
3. rigid vibration free construction for trouble free performance.
• Model and capacity
SALF 100 : 2400-6000 Output / hr
SALF 150 : 3600-9000 Output / hr
SALF 200 : 5000-12000 Output / hr
SALF-100

32. 1.Lachman And Lieberman’s The Theory And Practice Of Industrial Pharmacy , 4th Edition , Roop K Khar , S P Vyas , Farhan J
Ahmad , Gaurav Jain , Cbs Publishers And Distribution.
2. Https://Www.Indiamart.Com
3. Www.Mindray.Com
4. Www.Dmcindustries.Com Mocon Vericap 1200 Weighing & Sorting System
5. The Coulter Principle For Cellular & Biological Applications
6. Www.Pharmapproach.Com
7. www.Uniqueequipments.com
8. AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT TT-80 | Www.Minipress.Ru | Pharmaceutical Tablet Polishing Equipment With Surface Dust Removal
9. https://labelingmachineindia.net/
10. https://www.nkppharma.com/m/washingMachine-nklv150H.asp
11. https://www.deltamodtech.com/machinery/transdermal-patch-manufacturing-equipment/
12.https://sppenntech.com/products?gclid=CjwKCAjwieuGBhAsEiwA1Ly_nZuiqimCDUwkRRiQ42BX6ucryY_lf7RkOUxragRiNm5mP
l1jn0kySBoCYboQAvD_BwE
13. https://www.pharmaceuticalmachinery.in/
14. https://blog.advids.co/20-excellent-pharmaceutical-machinery-video-examples/
15. https://www.azom.com/equipment-details.aspx?EquipID=1589
References :