SlideShare una empresa de Scribd logo
1 de 40
UNIVERSITIES and
  HUMANKIND

    Our
Responsibility
J Bruner
  Cultures Are
Knowledge
  Amplification
   Systems
Adam and Eve?
Our Evolutionary triumph?
Africa:
The Cradle of Human Knowledge
Across Mediterranean To China
 Cultures Deeply Challenged:
  New Knowledge the Result
Ways of Knowing
• Philosophy (the abstract mind)
• Rationalism/Scepticism (not accepting realities that
  are not immediately evident)
• Religion (faith in divine revelation and social tradition)
• Mysticism (experiences based on spiritual techniques)
• Esotericism (intuitive speculation on cosmological
  world-views)
• Occultism (using psycho-physical techniques to
  access hidden realities)
• Gnosis (innate wisdom and understanding)
• Science (experimental approach to the physical
  universe)
The Great Library In Alexandria
The Library In Timbuktu
Political Map
Scramble For Africa
Humankind’s Great Intellectual
               Leaps
•   Classical antiquity
•   Renaissance
•   Agricultural revolution
•   Scientific revolution
•   Industrial revolution
•   Digital revolution ******
Some Consequences for
        Africa
The Continents: To Scale




•   The land area of each territory is shown here.
•   The total land area of these 200 territories is 13,056 million hectares. Divided up
    equally that would be 2.1 hectares for each person. A hectare is 100 metres by 100
    metres.
•   However, population is not evenly spread: Australia's land area is 21 times bigger
    than Japan's, but Japan's population is more than six times bigger than Australia's.
Tertiary Education




• The highest percentage of the student aged population
  enrolled is in Finland. Finland is 3.6 times the world
  average, with 140 times the chance of a tertiary
  education than in Mozambique.
Science Research




•   Scientific papers cover physics, biology, chemistry, mathematics, clinical medicine, biomedical
    research, engineering, technology, and earth and space sciences.
•   The number of scientific papers published by researchers in the United States was more than
    three times as many as were published by the second highest-publishing population, Japan.
•   There is more scientific research, or publication of results, in richer territories. This locational bias
    is such that roughly three times more scientific papers per person living there are published in
    Western Europe, North America, and Japan, than in any other region.
New Patents




•   In 2002, 312 thousand patents were granted around the world. More than a third of these were
    granted in Japan. Just under a third were granted in the United States.
•   A patent is supposed to protect the ideas and inventions that people have. Patenting something
    will then allow the owner of the patent to charge others for the usage of an idea or invention. The
    aim is to reward the creator for their hard work or intelligence. But patents can prevent people
    from using good ideas because they cannot afford to do so.
•   A quarter of all territories had no new patents in 2002, so will not profit from these in future years
    as others will.
Un Poverty Index




██ High income

██ Upper-middle income

██ Lower-middle income

██ Low income 
One of Humankind’s Hopes
HOUSE
WORK
Family and Safety
Good Health
Potable Water
Transport
Renewable Energy
Street Children Begging
Child and Vulture
Child and Starvation
Environmental Challenges
Dennis Meadows:
 POPULATION
2030: A Watershed
“By 2030 the demand for resources will create a
crisis with dire consequences
Demand for food and energy will jump 50% by
2030 and for fresh water by 30%, as the
population tops 8.3 billion. Climate change will
exacerbate matters in unpredictable ways”.
Beddington.


“Change is now ubiquitous, non-linear and
persistent Hargreaves
1994: South Africa’s Triple
             Challenge
• Build a democratic state
• Integrate itself into the competitive arena of
  international production and finance.
• Reconstruct domestic social and economic
  relations to eradicate and redress the
  inequitable patterns of ownership, wealth and
  social and economic practices that were shaped
  by segregation and apartheid
• All of this while the entire world is changing
  dramatically
Dalin’s 10 Revolutions
•   1. The knowledge and information revolution
•   2. The population explosion
•   3. Globalisation
•   4. The economic revolution
•   5. The technological revolution
•   6. The ecological revolution
•   7. The social/cultural revolution
•   8. The aesthetic revolution
•   9. The political revolution
•   10. The values revolution.        Per Dalin
Seven Strategic Partnerships with
           Our Species
   There are at least seven human development challenges
   that universities must champion. Governments can’t or
   won’t. They are:
1. To move humans in developed countries to understand
   that they have lived beyond their means and they must
   prepare themselves for a more humble future.
2. To move humans in developing countries to understand
   that they cannot use the developed nations as points of
   reference for their material expectations
3. To move all humans to understand that we must develop
   a wise relationship with our natural environment
Seven Strategic Partnerships with
           Our Species
4. To move all humans to think of ourselves as
   earthlings who must work together to secure our
   future. This implies an internationalist
   perspective.
5. To move all humans to understand that there is a
   direct relationship between population growth
   and the availability of resources
6. To move all humans to understand that there is a
   direct relationship between ownership,
   competence and hard work on the one hand and
   development on the other
7. To move all humans to understand that safety
   lies in knowledge and partnerships
7 LEVELS OF CONSCIOUSNESS
                        The I in relation to the We


       Service                                Stage 3: External Cohesion
                            7
                                           Serving humanity and the planet
  Making a Difference       6                 Collaborating with partners

                                               Stage 2: Internal Cohesion
  Internal Cohesion         5
                                             Finding meaning in existence
                                                 Balancing self-interest
   Transformation           4                     with group interest

     Self-Esteem                               Stage 1: Personal Mastery
                            3
                                               Development of a healthy
    Relationship            2                         positive ego
                                                  Need to overcome
       Survival             1                    deficiency perspective


                                                         Barrett
uwc
 A METAPHOR AND
MODEL FOR AFRICA
“What” do we want to say?

Más contenido relacionado

Destacado

Kuvasanakirja venäjä 15.12.2010
Kuvasanakirja venäjä 15.12.2010Kuvasanakirja venäjä 15.12.2010
Kuvasanakirja venäjä 15.12.2010Pirjo Heiskanen
 
BI TO BE Программа семинара-тренинга базовое лидерство
BI TO BE Программа семинара-тренинга базовое лидерствоBI TO BE Программа семинара-тренинга базовое лидерство
BI TO BE Программа семинара-тренинга базовое лидерствоOlga Green
 
Perkembangan peserta didik 2
Perkembangan peserta didik 2Perkembangan peserta didik 2
Perkembangan peserta didik 2istana walet
 
Perkembangan peserta didik 4
Perkembangan peserta didik 4Perkembangan peserta didik 4
Perkembangan peserta didik 4istana walet
 
Talking to the minister
Talking to the ministerTalking to the minister
Talking to the ministerHedda-highered
 
Filtrarea, sortarea, cautarea datelor si indexara
Filtrarea, sortarea, cautarea datelor si indexaraFiltrarea, sortarea, cautarea datelor si indexara
Filtrarea, sortarea, cautarea datelor si indexaragigeldaniel
 
BI TO BE Программа семинара-тренинга GENIUS OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
BI TO BE Программа семинара-тренинга GENIUS OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATIONBI TO BE Программа семинара-тренинга GENIUS OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
BI TO BE Программа семинара-тренинга GENIUS OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATIONOlga Green
 
Dr. Leo Goedegebuure - Mergers and More: The Changing Tertiary Education Arch...
Dr. Leo Goedegebuure - Mergers and More: The Changing Tertiary Education Arch...Dr. Leo Goedegebuure - Mergers and More: The Changing Tertiary Education Arch...
Dr. Leo Goedegebuure - Mergers and More: The Changing Tertiary Education Arch...Hedda-highered
 
BI TO BE Программа семинара-тренинга Open mind team
BI TO BE Программа семинара-тренинга Open mind teamBI TO BE Программа семинара-тренинга Open mind team
BI TO BE Программа семинара-тренинга Open mind teamOlga Green
 
Hedda 10 Conference - dr. Sissel Østberg
Hedda 10 Conference - dr. Sissel ØstbergHedda 10 Conference - dr. Sissel Østberg
Hedda 10 Conference - dr. Sissel ØstbergHedda-highered
 
Perkembangan peserta didik mdl 3 unt 1 arizal
Perkembangan peserta didik  mdl 3 unt 1 arizalPerkembangan peserta didik  mdl 3 unt 1 arizal
Perkembangan peserta didik mdl 3 unt 1 arizalistana walet
 
Kyvik - "Experiences with mergers in the Norwegian university college sector"
Kyvik - "Experiences with mergers in the Norwegian university college sector"Kyvik - "Experiences with mergers in the Norwegian university college sector"
Kyvik - "Experiences with mergers in the Norwegian university college sector"Hedda-highered
 
Коллегия Директоров Виталий Янко Приватность первого лица в интернете
Коллегия Директоров Виталий Янко Приватность первого лица в интернетеКоллегия Директоров Виталий Янко Приватность первого лица в интернете
Коллегия Директоров Виталий Янко Приватность первого лица в интернетеOlga Green
 
Zechlin - Hedda 10 conference
Zechlin - Hedda 10 conferenceZechlin - Hedda 10 conference
Zechlin - Hedda 10 conferenceHedda-highered
 
Peter maassen intro day 1 210113 new
Peter maassen intro day 1 210113 newPeter maassen intro day 1 210113 new
Peter maassen intro day 1 210113 newHedda-highered
 

Destacado (20)

Summerschool herana
Summerschool heranaSummerschool herana
Summerschool herana
 
Kuvasanakirja venäjä 15.12.2010
Kuvasanakirja venäjä 15.12.2010Kuvasanakirja venäjä 15.12.2010
Kuvasanakirja venäjä 15.12.2010
 
BI TO BE Программа семинара-тренинга базовое лидерство
BI TO BE Программа семинара-тренинга базовое лидерствоBI TO BE Программа семинара-тренинга базовое лидерство
BI TO BE Программа семинара-тренинга базовое лидерство
 
Cai hedda 10
Cai hedda 10Cai hedda 10
Cai hedda 10
 
Research and policy
Research and policyResearch and policy
Research and policy
 
Perkembangan peserta didik 2
Perkembangan peserta didik 2Perkembangan peserta didik 2
Perkembangan peserta didik 2
 
Perkembangan peserta didik 4
Perkembangan peserta didik 4Perkembangan peserta didik 4
Perkembangan peserta didik 4
 
Talking to the minister
Talking to the ministerTalking to the minister
Talking to the minister
 
Filtrarea, sortarea, cautarea datelor si indexara
Filtrarea, sortarea, cautarea datelor si indexaraFiltrarea, sortarea, cautarea datelor si indexara
Filtrarea, sortarea, cautarea datelor si indexara
 
BI TO BE Программа семинара-тренинга GENIUS OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
BI TO BE Программа семинара-тренинга GENIUS OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATIONBI TO BE Программа семинара-тренинга GENIUS OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
BI TO BE Программа семинара-тренинга GENIUS OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
 
Dr. Leo Goedegebuure - Mergers and More: The Changing Tertiary Education Arch...
Dr. Leo Goedegebuure - Mergers and More: The Changing Tertiary Education Arch...Dr. Leo Goedegebuure - Mergers and More: The Changing Tertiary Education Arch...
Dr. Leo Goedegebuure - Mergers and More: The Changing Tertiary Education Arch...
 
BI TO BE Программа семинара-тренинга Open mind team
BI TO BE Программа семинара-тренинга Open mind teamBI TO BE Программа семинара-тренинга Open mind team
BI TO BE Программа семинара-тренинга Open mind team
 
Hedda 10 Conference - dr. Sissel Østberg
Hedda 10 Conference - dr. Sissel ØstbergHedda 10 Conference - dr. Sissel Østberg
Hedda 10 Conference - dr. Sissel Østberg
 
Cai hedda 10
Cai hedda 10Cai hedda 10
Cai hedda 10
 
Policy presentation
Policy presentationPolicy presentation
Policy presentation
 
Perkembangan peserta didik mdl 3 unt 1 arizal
Perkembangan peserta didik  mdl 3 unt 1 arizalPerkembangan peserta didik  mdl 3 unt 1 arizal
Perkembangan peserta didik mdl 3 unt 1 arizal
 
Kyvik - "Experiences with mergers in the Norwegian university college sector"
Kyvik - "Experiences with mergers in the Norwegian university college sector"Kyvik - "Experiences with mergers in the Norwegian university college sector"
Kyvik - "Experiences with mergers in the Norwegian university college sector"
 
Коллегия Директоров Виталий Янко Приватность первого лица в интернете
Коллегия Директоров Виталий Янко Приватность первого лица в интернетеКоллегия Директоров Виталий Янко Приватность первого лица в интернете
Коллегия Директоров Виталий Янко Приватность первого лица в интернете
 
Zechlin - Hedda 10 conference
Zechlin - Hedda 10 conferenceZechlin - Hedda 10 conference
Zechlin - Hedda 10 conference
 
Peter maassen intro day 1 210113 new
Peter maassen intro day 1 210113 newPeter maassen intro day 1 210113 new
Peter maassen intro day 1 210113 new
 

Similar a O connell unuiversities and humankind

Conscious Cultural Creator Presentation
Conscious Cultural Creator PresentationConscious Cultural Creator Presentation
Conscious Cultural Creator PresentationMaryAnnThompsonFrenk
 
Awakening the dreamer spring 15
Awakening the dreamer spring 15Awakening the dreamer spring 15
Awakening the dreamer spring 15AmyDeSa
 
Peace Education Theme 5 and 6
Peace Education Theme 5 and 6Peace Education Theme 5 and 6
Peace Education Theme 5 and 6Mark Lloyd Coloma
 
Why communicate animal genetics research
Why communicate  animal genetics research  Why communicate  animal genetics research
Why communicate animal genetics research ILRI
 
Short answers questions . straight forward answers, no need of cited.docx
Short answers questions . straight forward answers, no need of cited.docxShort answers questions . straight forward answers, no need of cited.docx
Short answers questions . straight forward answers, no need of cited.docxbjohn46
 
Help My Essay - College Homewor. Online assignment writing service.
Help My Essay - College Homewor. Online assignment writing service.Help My Essay - College Homewor. Online assignment writing service.
Help My Essay - College Homewor. Online assignment writing service.Ivani Rosado
 
A Year to End World Hunger
A Year to End World HungerA Year to End World Hunger
A Year to End World HungerGoodzuma
 
China’s Development Pattern as found in its Sacred Literature
China’s Development Pattern as found in its Sacred LiteratureChina’s Development Pattern as found in its Sacred Literature
China’s Development Pattern as found in its Sacred LiteratureJoe Carter
 
Human Population and the Environment
Human Population and the EnvironmentHuman Population and the Environment
Human Population and the EnvironmentPrach Shetye
 
Lect 6b Environmentally toxic beliefs 2013
Lect 6b Environmentally toxic beliefs 2013Lect 6b Environmentally toxic beliefs 2013
Lect 6b Environmentally toxic beliefs 2013Geoff Adams
 
Designing Lessons for Global Citizenship
Designing Lessons for Global CitizenshipDesigning Lessons for Global Citizenship
Designing Lessons for Global CitizenshipHonor Moorman
 
Humanity Awareness Initiative 2021 Feb 9 Full Version
Humanity Awareness Initiative 2021 Feb 9 Full VersionHumanity Awareness Initiative 2021 Feb 9 Full Version
Humanity Awareness Initiative 2021 Feb 9 Full VersionBarrett Academy
 
cpe1B-flourishing.pptx
cpe1B-flourishing.pptxcpe1B-flourishing.pptx
cpe1B-flourishing.pptxDrixReyes
 
Miller global ed presentation
Miller global ed presentationMiller global ed presentation
Miller global ed presentationjlmillwrite
 
What did you say? mindful interculture communication [201608 icgse]
What did you say? mindful interculture communication [201608 icgse]What did you say? mindful interculture communication [201608 icgse]
What did you say? mindful interculture communication [201608 icgse]Frederick Zarndt
 
WFP Presentation in Rome 041214
WFP Presentation in Rome 041214WFP Presentation in Rome 041214
WFP Presentation in Rome 041214Media Focus UK
 
Integrating Language, Culture and Content for Developing Global Competency of...
Integrating Language, Culture and Content for Developing Global Competency of...Integrating Language, Culture and Content for Developing Global Competency of...
Integrating Language, Culture and Content for Developing Global Competency of...Center for Global Education at Asia Society
 
Poverty Interrupted White Paper Final Digital
Poverty Interrupted White Paper Final DigitalPoverty Interrupted White Paper Final Digital
Poverty Interrupted White Paper Final DigitalAnthony Barrows
 
What did you say? Intercultural expectations, misunderstandings, and communic...
What did you say? Intercultural expectations, misunderstandings, and communic...What did you say? Intercultural expectations, misunderstandings, and communic...
What did you say? Intercultural expectations, misunderstandings, and communic...Frederick Zarndt
 

Similar a O connell unuiversities and humankind (20)

Conscious Cultural Creator Presentation
Conscious Cultural Creator PresentationConscious Cultural Creator Presentation
Conscious Cultural Creator Presentation
 
Awakening the dreamer spring 15
Awakening the dreamer spring 15Awakening the dreamer spring 15
Awakening the dreamer spring 15
 
Peace Education Theme 5 and 6
Peace Education Theme 5 and 6Peace Education Theme 5 and 6
Peace Education Theme 5 and 6
 
Why communicate animal genetics research
Why communicate  animal genetics research  Why communicate  animal genetics research
Why communicate animal genetics research
 
Short answers questions . straight forward answers, no need of cited.docx
Short answers questions . straight forward answers, no need of cited.docxShort answers questions . straight forward answers, no need of cited.docx
Short answers questions . straight forward answers, no need of cited.docx
 
Help My Essay - College Homewor. Online assignment writing service.
Help My Essay - College Homewor. Online assignment writing service.Help My Essay - College Homewor. Online assignment writing service.
Help My Essay - College Homewor. Online assignment writing service.
 
A Year to End World Hunger
A Year to End World HungerA Year to End World Hunger
A Year to End World Hunger
 
China’s Development Pattern as found in its Sacred Literature
China’s Development Pattern as found in its Sacred LiteratureChina’s Development Pattern as found in its Sacred Literature
China’s Development Pattern as found in its Sacred Literature
 
HAI 2021 March 14
HAI 2021 March 14HAI 2021 March 14
HAI 2021 March 14
 
Human Population and the Environment
Human Population and the EnvironmentHuman Population and the Environment
Human Population and the Environment
 
Lect 6b Environmentally toxic beliefs 2013
Lect 6b Environmentally toxic beliefs 2013Lect 6b Environmentally toxic beliefs 2013
Lect 6b Environmentally toxic beliefs 2013
 
Designing Lessons for Global Citizenship
Designing Lessons for Global CitizenshipDesigning Lessons for Global Citizenship
Designing Lessons for Global Citizenship
 
Humanity Awareness Initiative 2021 Feb 9 Full Version
Humanity Awareness Initiative 2021 Feb 9 Full VersionHumanity Awareness Initiative 2021 Feb 9 Full Version
Humanity Awareness Initiative 2021 Feb 9 Full Version
 
cpe1B-flourishing.pptx
cpe1B-flourishing.pptxcpe1B-flourishing.pptx
cpe1B-flourishing.pptx
 
Miller global ed presentation
Miller global ed presentationMiller global ed presentation
Miller global ed presentation
 
What did you say? mindful interculture communication [201608 icgse]
What did you say? mindful interculture communication [201608 icgse]What did you say? mindful interculture communication [201608 icgse]
What did you say? mindful interculture communication [201608 icgse]
 
WFP Presentation in Rome 041214
WFP Presentation in Rome 041214WFP Presentation in Rome 041214
WFP Presentation in Rome 041214
 
Integrating Language, Culture and Content for Developing Global Competency of...
Integrating Language, Culture and Content for Developing Global Competency of...Integrating Language, Culture and Content for Developing Global Competency of...
Integrating Language, Culture and Content for Developing Global Competency of...
 
Poverty Interrupted White Paper Final Digital
Poverty Interrupted White Paper Final DigitalPoverty Interrupted White Paper Final Digital
Poverty Interrupted White Paper Final Digital
 
What did you say? Intercultural expectations, misunderstandings, and communic...
What did you say? Intercultural expectations, misunderstandings, and communic...What did you say? Intercultural expectations, misunderstandings, and communic...
What did you say? Intercultural expectations, misunderstandings, and communic...
 

O connell unuiversities and humankind

  • 1. UNIVERSITIES and HUMANKIND Our Responsibility
  • 2. J Bruner Cultures Are Knowledge Amplification Systems
  • 5. Africa: The Cradle of Human Knowledge
  • 6. Across Mediterranean To China Cultures Deeply Challenged: New Knowledge the Result
  • 7. Ways of Knowing • Philosophy (the abstract mind) • Rationalism/Scepticism (not accepting realities that are not immediately evident) • Religion (faith in divine revelation and social tradition) • Mysticism (experiences based on spiritual techniques) • Esotericism (intuitive speculation on cosmological world-views) • Occultism (using psycho-physical techniques to access hidden realities) • Gnosis (innate wisdom and understanding) • Science (experimental approach to the physical universe)
  • 8. The Great Library In Alexandria
  • 9. The Library In Timbuktu
  • 11. Humankind’s Great Intellectual Leaps • Classical antiquity • Renaissance • Agricultural revolution • Scientific revolution • Industrial revolution • Digital revolution ******
  • 13. The Continents: To Scale • The land area of each territory is shown here. • The total land area of these 200 territories is 13,056 million hectares. Divided up equally that would be 2.1 hectares for each person. A hectare is 100 metres by 100 metres. • However, population is not evenly spread: Australia's land area is 21 times bigger than Japan's, but Japan's population is more than six times bigger than Australia's.
  • 14. Tertiary Education • The highest percentage of the student aged population enrolled is in Finland. Finland is 3.6 times the world average, with 140 times the chance of a tertiary education than in Mozambique.
  • 15. Science Research • Scientific papers cover physics, biology, chemistry, mathematics, clinical medicine, biomedical research, engineering, technology, and earth and space sciences. • The number of scientific papers published by researchers in the United States was more than three times as many as were published by the second highest-publishing population, Japan. • There is more scientific research, or publication of results, in richer territories. This locational bias is such that roughly three times more scientific papers per person living there are published in Western Europe, North America, and Japan, than in any other region.
  • 16. New Patents • In 2002, 312 thousand patents were granted around the world. More than a third of these were granted in Japan. Just under a third were granted in the United States. • A patent is supposed to protect the ideas and inventions that people have. Patenting something will then allow the owner of the patent to charge others for the usage of an idea or invention. The aim is to reward the creator for their hard work or intelligence. But patents can prevent people from using good ideas because they cannot afford to do so. • A quarter of all territories had no new patents in 2002, so will not profit from these in future years as others will.
  • 19. HOUSE
  • 20. WORK
  • 22.
  • 32. 2030: A Watershed “By 2030 the demand for resources will create a crisis with dire consequences Demand for food and energy will jump 50% by 2030 and for fresh water by 30%, as the population tops 8.3 billion. Climate change will exacerbate matters in unpredictable ways”. Beddington. “Change is now ubiquitous, non-linear and persistent Hargreaves
  • 33. 1994: South Africa’s Triple Challenge • Build a democratic state • Integrate itself into the competitive arena of international production and finance. • Reconstruct domestic social and economic relations to eradicate and redress the inequitable patterns of ownership, wealth and social and economic practices that were shaped by segregation and apartheid • All of this while the entire world is changing dramatically
  • 34. Dalin’s 10 Revolutions • 1. The knowledge and information revolution • 2. The population explosion • 3. Globalisation • 4. The economic revolution • 5. The technological revolution • 6. The ecological revolution • 7. The social/cultural revolution • 8. The aesthetic revolution • 9. The political revolution • 10. The values revolution. Per Dalin
  • 35. Seven Strategic Partnerships with Our Species There are at least seven human development challenges that universities must champion. Governments can’t or won’t. They are: 1. To move humans in developed countries to understand that they have lived beyond their means and they must prepare themselves for a more humble future. 2. To move humans in developing countries to understand that they cannot use the developed nations as points of reference for their material expectations 3. To move all humans to understand that we must develop a wise relationship with our natural environment
  • 36. Seven Strategic Partnerships with Our Species 4. To move all humans to think of ourselves as earthlings who must work together to secure our future. This implies an internationalist perspective. 5. To move all humans to understand that there is a direct relationship between population growth and the availability of resources 6. To move all humans to understand that there is a direct relationship between ownership, competence and hard work on the one hand and development on the other 7. To move all humans to understand that safety lies in knowledge and partnerships
  • 37. 7 LEVELS OF CONSCIOUSNESS The I in relation to the We Service Stage 3: External Cohesion 7 Serving humanity and the planet Making a Difference 6 Collaborating with partners Stage 2: Internal Cohesion Internal Cohesion 5 Finding meaning in existence Balancing self-interest Transformation 4 with group interest Self-Esteem Stage 1: Personal Mastery 3 Development of a healthy Relationship 2 positive ego Need to overcome Survival 1 deficiency perspective Barrett
  • 38. uwc A METAPHOR AND MODEL FOR AFRICA
  • 39.
  • 40. “What” do we want to say?