The Political Impacts Of The Cold War

The Political Impacts Of The Cold War
The Cold War had a great influence on the American economy, society, and politics from 1945 to 1992. The Soviet Union and United States had
different values and could not put their differences aside and eventually the tension turned into an outbreak of war. Each president of United States had
a different approach to handling the Soviet Union but, ultimately each thought it was their duty to protect not only America but the rest of the world
from the Soviets and communism. America and the Soviet Union being two great world powers, it turned into a global conflict. This war can be
compared to the Vietnam war but, it did not last for decades or have much as an impact on America's society.
President Roosevelt was all about world peace and had a much softer approach than the rest. He thought he can talk to the Soviets and gain their
cooperation but, with his death, Harry S Truman was left with this crisis and task to create peace. Truman took a harsher approach to this situation and
the Soviets definitely felt that the Truman administration was not as friendly as Roosevelt's administration. Truman was not so knowledgeable of
Roosevelt's policies toward the Soviets so, he turned to his advisors who harshly critiqued their behavior. Soviets seemed to have an anti–Western
attitude and Truman wasn't such a fan of that. This is what damaged the relations between the Soviets and the United States. Both Democrats and
Republicans tried to educate the public about Soviets threats the
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Argumentative Essay On Identity Politics
Identity politics is defined as 'a tendency for people of a particular religion, race, social background, etc., to form exclusive political alliances, moving
away from traditional broad–based party politics.' In simpler terms, identity politics promotes the idea of political issues to be solved from a point of
interest based on a personal factor rather than their initial political siding. This form of dealing with issues has particularly been active recently with the
likes of Trump's presidential win and the uprising of issues surrounding race, gender and sexuality. Although I have found it to be more commonly
upheld in the United States, Australia is not foreign to this concept as multiple instances including the 'Changing of Australia Day' and the 'Same–sex
Marriage Debate' has brought forward the interests of groups based on characteristic rather than political siding.
However, today I will be arguing against this concept as a suitable method of dealing with issues as I believe that identity politics encourages
segregation in society. I will let you know that I am not against the concept of identity politics as a whole because there are benefits from the idea.
But I am against how it has been executed since it encourages division based on personal factors, dismisses individualism in situations and promotes
the idea of only being able to contribute towards an issue if part of a specific group.
As we approach the celebration of Halloween at the end of this month, the

Political Effects of WW1 World War One (WW1) ends in November 11, 1918 with the great human and material losses for both sides of the conflict:
about 10–13 millions of people are dead while twice bigger number is wounded, and the economics of warring sides countries are on the decline.
Due to new circumstances and new challenges, winning Allied Powers carve up areal map of the world during the Paris Peace Conference within
Treaty of Versailles in 1919. Among political effects of WW1 are new country borders, arising new political regimes and a new world political
discourse. New country borders Firstly, four colonial empires slept out of existence. They were Germany and Austria–Hungary (in 1918), Ottoman
Empire (in 1922) and Russia (in 1917) (Mintz). Germany was recognized by Allied Powers as a country which launched WW1 and thus, was
deprived of its overseas territories, and territories were retroceded to France in order to remain a unified German country (Effect of World War).
Austria–Hungary, where the WW1 had nominally started from, was forced to cede Hungary and Balkan territories which later, proclaimed independent
countries of Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Czechoslovakia. Ex–empire was "trimmed down to primarily cover areas dominated by Austrian–German
populations" while giving up territorial parts for Poland, Romania and Yugoslavia (Effect of World War). The Ottoman Empire, which before WW1
put together the most of Middle East lands and Turkey, was falling down due to

Political Risk
Political Risk
Political risk is a type of risk faced by investors, corporations, and governments. It is a risk that can be understood and managed with reasoned foresight
and investment.
Broadly, political risk refers to the complications businesses and governments may face as a result of what are commonly referred to as political
decisions–or "any political change that alters the expected outcome and value of a given economic action by changing the probability of achieving
business objectives.".[1] Political risk faced by firms can be defined as "the risk of a strategic, financial, or personnel loss for a firm because of such
nonmarket factors as macroeconomic and social policies (fiscal, monetary, trade, investment, industrial, income,...show more content...
Research has shown that macro–level indicators can be quantified and modeled like other types of risk. For example, Eurasia Group produces a
political risk index which incorporates four distinct categories of sub–risk into a calculation of macro–level political stability. This Global Political Risk
Index can be found in publications like The Economist.[6] Other companies which offer publications on macro–level political risk include Economist
Intelligence Unit and The PRS Group, Inc.
Micro–level political risk
Micro–level political risks are project–specific risks. In addition to the macro political risks, companies have to pay attention to the industry and
relative contribution of their firms to the local economy.[7] An examination of these types of political risks might look at how the local political
climate in a given region may impact a business endeavor. Micropolitical risks are more in the favour of local businesses rather than international
organizations operating in the nation. This type of risk process includes the project–specific government review Committee on Foreign Investment in
the United States (CFIUS), the selection of dangerous local partners with political power, and expropriation/nationalization of projects and assets.
To extend the CFIUS example above, imagine a Chinese company wished to purchase a US weapons component producer. A micro
–level political risk
report might include a full analysis of the CFIUS regulatory climate as it

Essay about What is Politics?
Politics. It is possibly the most hated word in the English language. Most people hate politics and government without really knowing what they are.
Many different definitions of politics exist. One definition defines politics as the conflict between groups over something they both want. Another
similar definition calls politics the "who gets what, when, and how." Government is defined as the institution that has the enforceable right to control
people's behavior. But why do people hate politics and politicians? Is it because politicians cannot be trusted, or maybe because they spend too much
money? Whatever the reasons are for hating politics and government, both are needed as a mechanism for people to protect themselves. Possibly, if
...show more content...
The third and final type of monarchy is an absolute monarchy. In an absolute monarchy, the monarchy has supreme and absolute authority to do what it
wishes. An example of this occurs in the country of Saudi Arabia. In Saudi Arabia, theroyal family can enforce any law it wishes– no matter how bad it
could be for the country. Absolute monarchies are often very oppressive to its people. For example, Saudi Arabia has very strict laws that have been
put in place by the royal family. The people living in the country have no voice in an absolute monarchy.
The second type of government is a republic. A republic is any government that does not have amonarch. Republics are also divided into three classes.
A republic can be classified as a dictatorship, an oligarchy, or a democracy.
A dictatorship is a government ruled by one commander. An example of this is Iraq. Saddam Hussein is the dictator of Iraq. Whatever he decides
becomes law. Dictatorships are similar to absolute monarchies in that they are very oppressive to the people of the country. The major difference
between the two is that absolute monarchies are families inheriting their power while dictatorships often result from military takeovers or from an
elected official who refuses to step down from his elected office.
The second type of republic is an oligarchy. An oligarchy is a country ruled by the few. An example of this was in South Africa

Here in this topic an issue arises that why we do compare and compare the political systems of the different regions, states, and countries and as well as
domestic politics.
To answer the bigger question what is politics and political systems. Politics mean the activities associated are attached with the governance of a
country or area especially the debate between parties or regimes having power. Politics is also to struggle to gain power to rule and govern
governments. On the other hand governments have access to resources and powers to rule over people and as well as empower people through the
majority winning political party who wins to rule and impose.
Some philosophers consider politics it forces for good while others take it as force for evil. In seventeenth and eighteenth century were the opinions that
if no government existed, there would be state of nature. Some philosophers conceive the idea of Social Contract on which societies come to an
existence. John Locke, Jacques Rousseau and Thomas Hobbes considered the pioneers of the...show more content...
Here comparison doesn't mean that we compare two people with their heights or compare two classrooms but it's all about comparing Political
systems of the world and how the run and are have been placed. It is also a core method to humanistic and scientific methods. Comparing our own
political systems and institutions with others provide us the opportunity to see wider range of political alternatives and increase our appreciation of
the advantages and disadvantages of our own political system, enabling us learn from other countries. Comparative analysis makes us aware of the
possibilities of politics. It also helps us to formulate theories about how to certain political systems work. Comparison as a method is very old but as s
discipline it developed very

Global Politics Essay
Global Politics
The study of international or rather global politics, seeks to provide an account of politics in the broadest domain. The domain of international politics
in the twenty–first century is characterised by the increasing number of actors pursuing common and personal interests. It is largely due to the
globalised, interdependent nature of the current international political environment that the concepts of sovereignty and power deserve further
evaluation.
The exercise of authority and power are facts as old as time, throughout the ages men have tried to explain and understand how and why political
authority is organised. Sovereignty is a concept used to explain political power, to...show more content...
But the appearance of the concept is still delayed until the community and its government, society and state, remaining necessarily distinct in some
respects, have integrated to a certain extent in others. It is only when the community responds to the state and the state responds to the community in
which it rules that the discussion of political power can take place in terms of sovereignty" (1986:21).
The importance of what Hinsley said lies in the fact that sovereignty cannot exists without a state and will not be found in societies in which there is
no state structure. Sovereignty is a political idea, a form of legitimation, a way of thinking about power and rule (Hinsley 1986:25). The question that
then must be asked is what caused people, rulers, philosophers and scholars to begin to think about power and rule in terms of state and sovereignty?
Since the Peace of Westphalia in 1648, the state has been regarded and accepted as the basic unit of international politics and the concept of the
sovereignty of states was formally recognised. But the ideas of state and sovereignty had been slowly emerging in Europe in the centuries preceding
1648. The concept of the state emerged out of the collapse of the feudal system (Nossal

Political Science Reflection
When I registered for this course I first thought that I was going to have a hard time understanding this class. I thought we would have to give
speeches in this class and do debates. Chapters 7, 8, and 9 were the chapters that interested me the most because it talked about interest groups, political
parties, and the campaigns and elections in America. When I started taking this course, I began to learn about how political power is distributed, how
different the governments operate and interact, and how the rules are made and enforced.
Politics virtually affect every aspect of our lives. This includes the availability of housing, healthcare, education, and jobs. Political science is being
able to understand and to explain the world of politics that is all around us. We have all participated in politics in some way, and the majority of the
time we don't even know. I thought politics was just about voting in an election or being part of the government, but politics is much more than that.
Interest groups, political parties, and the campaigns and elections in America, are a few of the many examples of political activity in our everyday lives.
In this class, we were able to discuss the basic concepts such as government, democracy, and power. Discussing these basic concepts has made me
think about the world around me, and my place in it. Once I understood the many concepts discussed in class, we then began to study in class the
connections between them. This is so that we could

Political Violence Essays
Political violence is the leading cause of wars today. Personal agendas have led to many of the political objectives that cause violence today this has
caused many problems throughout the world and will continue to do so until a solution to this issue is found. Political objectives have been advanced
involuntarily dependent upon the kind of government a nation exercises. For instance, in a democratic nation political groups must worry about
convincing the majority in order to advance ethically. Those who try to influence the majority through acts of violence are considered today as "terror"
organizations. Though perhaps if it were not because of the recent 9/11 terror attacks that maybe such warrants would not be seen as terror attacks,
The decision to engage in terrorism can occur for many reasons: logical choice, political strategy, ennui with the elite, and lack of opportunity for
political participation. Air India flight 182 was a flight operating on from Montreal–India. On 23 June 1985, the airplane operating on the route was
blown up in midair by a bomb in Irish airspace in the single deadliest terrorist attack involving an aircraft to that date. Two men were known to have
left two pieces of luggage for check in, but never boarded the flight. The incident represents the largest mass murder in modern Canadian history. 329
civilians died on the flight, over 270 Canadians. The bombing was the joint project of at least two Sikh terrorist groups with extensive membership in
Canada, USA, England and India. Their anger had been sparked by an attack on the Golden Temple, the holiest Sikh shrine in Amritsar in June 1984.
Sikh militants were seen preaching that "Indian planes will fall from the sky" and urging his followers to "kill 50,000 Hindus." (Sikh extremism enters
mainstream Canadian politics, 2007).
On February 26th 1993, Al Qaeda members Ramzi Yousef, and accomplice Mohammad Salameh drove a rented van, loaded with explosives into the
basement parking lot of the World Trade Center in New York City. The van exploded, killing 6 innocent civilians and

Reflection Paper On Politics
Reflecting about what I think and talk about most often, usually consists of politics and my future. I often think and talk about politics because I want
others to be aware of the pressing issues in society, I am concerned about politics and I have a desire to learn about what shapes my political beliefs. As
a political science major, I discuss politics with pretty much anyone who wants to listen because it is important for everyone to have a basic
understanding about government and the issues in society. our current political system, I a generally concerned about the lasting effects of the current
administration on the future of the United States. In many of my classes, my professors remind me of the issues that plague our country which...show
more content...
While I would love to plan my future, I understand that God is the writer of my life story. Once I have faith in God to take hold the reigns of my life,
only then can I be truly happy and satisfied. Optimistically speaking, I am excited about what the future holds and what I can do to make a lasting
difference in the world.
Typically, my time is spent either working on schoolwork or going on adventures with friends. The fact that I spend a large amount of time doing
homework shows, in terms of my worldview, that; I value my education, I do not want to let my family down and that I have a passion to learn. My
father is a fifth–grade teacher so from an early age I had been taught to value my education. Since education was clearly something that my father
valued, I adopted his value as my own and even his expectations. At times, my friends and family do not understand why I am stressed out all the
time. Over the years, I developed an innate skill of putting a ton of pressure on myself to do well. Ever since I can remember, I have had a passion
to learn about social sciences and history. Being at Whitworth, I am surrounded by people who have a passion to learn which makes me a better
student. At times, I give up. But my friends push me to keep going and pursue my passion. Like most students, I place a high priority on doing
schoolwork even if that means staying up past midnight to complete it. At this point in my life, my real purpose is to study and achieve

Political Issues On Climate Change Essay
Political Issues on Climate Change In today's political climate, individuals are more polarized than ever over climate issues. We don't see much
agreement that for whatever the reason, climate change is affecting the Earth. The issues over climate change has hit the media and the
environmentalist has done a lot to shined light on the issue as well but, a lot of the citizens still believe that global warming isn't real. If we are not
educated about the issues regarding a sustainable living and about the climate changes going on in current world, then the issue can't be solved.
Educating children when they are young can be a great way to teach living a sustainable life–style. We the people and the politicians need to take a
stand and create awareness in schools about living a sustainable life and educate the new generations to care about the negative human impacts on the
world. To begin with, is the problem ofclimate change or what we call global–warming and how it's affecting the planet we call home. Climate change
is when you start to notice things around you in the environment changing like when the winters become much warmer and the summer temperatures
hitting record highs. Also, when you start your television to notice the extreme floods tearing down our cities and then afterwards they don't see rainfall
for weeks which then, leads to the extreme droughts and fires. For instance, we create pollution and that leads to greenhouse gases which traps in heat in

1984 George Orwell Politics Essay
"In our age there is no such thing as 'keeping out of politics.' All issues are political issues, and politics itself is a mass of lies, evasions, folly, hatred
and schizophrenia" (Orwell, "Politics" 5). Living in the aftermath of World War II, and seeing how political inactivity gives rise to dictators likeAdolf
Hitler, it is no surprise that George Orwell commented on the common man's relationship to politics. His political beliefs fed into his work, perhaps
most notably the ominous 1984. The novel details a totalitarian government dominating every aspect of the people's lives–even what is considered truth
and what is considered false. Deeply troubled by the state of the world before and after the war, Orwell wrote the frighteningly...show more content...
However, with this picture in mind, the novel continues to be an image of a future totalitarian society–even with the fall of the Soviet Union. In the
United States, fears of an uncontrollable, insatiable government dominating every aspect of life have been prevalent since the founding of the nation.
New questions continue to arise over government control, and 1984 stands as a chilling picture of total control. One of the major debates today in
American politics is the use of surveillance for the security of the nation. Orwell addresses this very issue in the novel through the Party's use of
telescreens. In the first description of the telescreens he writes, "The instrument could be dimmed, but there was no way of shutting it off
completely...The telescreen received and transmitted simultaneously...It was even conceivable that they watched everybody all the time" (Orwell, 1984
6). The Party's dominating technology allows them to continually be watching members in such a way that independent thought is not possible. On a
smaller scale, the U.S. government's surveillance of the people has increased since 9/11. The question then becomes how much freedom are citizens
willing to sacrifice for safety and peace of mind? Orwell paints a picture of what happens when citizens allow total domination of their privacy. As the
issue of surveillance versus privacy continues to be discussed in American politics, 1984 remains a pertinent point in the conversation due to its

Women In American Politics
Women have been represented in politics over the years and have had an impact to the American country and government. Women like Geraldine
Ferraro, Sarah Palin, and Hilary Clinton are all powerful women in the United States' politics that have impacted the government. Women in the
government has always been an uncommon thing to see except for in recent year's history. Women were never involved inpolitics as there were always
male leaders representing the nation. Men were typically seen as good political leaders and women were never considered for the American
government until the first time a woman ran for vice president in 1984 and everything changed. Geraldine Ferraro was the first woman to run for
office in 1984 alongside Walter Mondale....show more content...
She was secretary of state during president Obama's first presidential term, and now has graduated to running for president of the United States.
"Hillary had a hard time in 2008 telling her story, making herself accessible as a human being for voters," (Scherer, Duffy, Edwards, etc., "Go Time
for Hilary"). This time for the presidential election she has made the attempt to put herself out there in the media, even social media, to gain respect
and followers for her votes. She posts on twitter showing her support for different views and people are able to follow her journey. Clinton is "the
only First Lady in history to win political office in New York elected to the Senate, she will be well placed to fight" (Grimshaw, Hil's Heading for the
White House"), in the presidential election. She is an important influence for women in government because she is the first woman to run for president.
It is also important because we may have the first woman president starting in 2016, making history for our

Prior going to this class I did not know what I was going to expect. In a large class room more than 70 students, how will the instructor going to
handle us to be in a respectful matter in other people's thoughts and opinions. I knew that this class was going to mainly focus on government. I
did not know what else I was going to learn. This was the first time I was going to take this course and I got a lot out of it. In this class, I have
grown in my political knowledge and where I stand for my opinions and views. I learned so much taking this class and I recommend all students take
this course. Anyone who lives in America should take a political science class to know about the government and political knowledge and to be able to
have a public opinion.
Stepping into this class the first day the instructor had the students to score out of one through ten and how much we trusted the government. I rated
my score a 6 and after discussing and finding out what the government controls. I have changed my score to a higher score in trusting in the
government. Learning so much about how much the government is involved with people's lives and has a huge power authority in the United States. I
have more trust in the government and seeing and learning what little things they have control over to the big things they have control over is now
knowing I built my trust in the government a lot more than before coming to class. I change my mind because of the knowledge I was missing and put
me

Essay about Defining Politics
Defining Politics Politics is the collective name given to many different systems, ideas and real world issues. It is impossible to define politics as any
one thing in particular, but as a label for many different aspects of life encompassed into one.
Politics is largely about decision making, Politicians dispute on a regular basis about pending decisions to be made. Decisions to be made, of course
vary in size and some are obviously much more important than others. Nevertheless, politics nearly always sets–out to make decisions in the best ways
irrespective of how big or small they may be. Groups of...show more content...
Politics strives to reduce this conflict and keep it to a minimum. Politics is responsible for taking all views into consideration and reaching a consensus
– something all people involved can agree on to a certain extent.
Politics also goes hand in hand with the concept of power. Power, in any form of politics is of utmost importance, without power, politicians
wouldn't be able to enforce rulings on a population. Power concerns being able to get others to do/act as other people would like them to. Power can
be enforced in a number of different ways, power, of course cannot be assumed unless the people with power have something strong to back up their
rulings. Sometimes, force is used to provoke obedience (coercion), while a legitimate government will often not need to resort to means of force.
People are likely to comply with the law simply because they believe the government to be making the correct decisions. Coercion and legitimacy work
in tandem to maintain obedience.
Politics concerns people, people's involvement in politics is key in running an efficient political system. Voting is possibly the most important aspect of
political activity. Elections are held in which people vote for their preferred political party, while referendums also play a key part in making major
political decisions. Political involvement doesn't stop with voting. Pressure Groups can be joined in

Attitude Towards Politics Essay example
Attitude Towards Politics
A variety of factors, including but not limited to; family, peers, the media and education shape political attitudes. Many things influence the way people
feel about politics, and depending on the immediate environments, views can change dramatically.
Family can influence the political party that people belong to. Family can also influence the way in which a person does or does not vote. If a family
has traditionally voted democratic, chances are that the children will vote the same way. There is an emotional attachment to the way in which a
family has voted, and that affects the way the new voter will vote. In part, people vote the way their family has because they do not want to be different
then their...show more content...
Education has a significant affect on voting. The more education a person has the more likely they are to vote. Education also gives the voter the tools
needed to decide what party, if any they will join. For example, a family who may be republicans, will, to some degree influence their children and
relatives to vote republican, but the relatives and children's peer group may be democrats, but when it comes down to choosing a party the education
that individuals have earned will ultimately aid them in their decision.
The media can convince, confuse and or mislead a voter. During elections, ads on television radio and in newspapers can overload a voter with
information. The information provided by the media is often taken out of context. When people read or see something on television or in a newspaper,
they take it as fact, whether the information is negative or positive it is taken at face value. Eventually the truth comes out, but often it is not until after
an election. The major problem with the media is they can persuade a voter against a candidate, only to find out later that the person they voted for is
not what they were led to believe.
Socio economic factors heavily influence voter participation. The general area that a person lives in plays a role in how a person votes. The southern
part of the United States has typically been a democratic region. The western region has been a republican stronghold as was

Political Changes Of The Industrial Revolution
The Industrial Revolution that happened in England, 1760, was the transition from a rural, agrarian society into urban, industrial societies due to the
improvements in science, technology, society and culture which affected the political, economic and social status of the country. Although the change
was termed "The Industrial Revolution" due to the significant changes that occurred, debate rages on about how it was also an "Industrial Evolution"
because the changes that led to the transition to the urban society we know and now live in today can also be classified as evolutions in their own rights.
One major political change of the industrial revolution were the laws that were created during the time to abolish child labour. Back in the early
stages of the industrial revolution, children were used as labourers, because of their size and nimble fingers which allowed them to manoeuvre around
and work in small spaces in factories and mines where adults couldn't reach. They were paid less than adults, worked for long hours (12 –14 hours per
day) with terrible conditions and little rest and abused by their owners. Soon enough, people...show more content...
The factory system is a system that uses water and steam power to run machines to produce goods, this system replaced the domestic system,
which was less efficient as it required the use of hand tools and was a very time consuming process. It was later perfected with the introduction of
standardised parts invented by Eli Whitney in the late 1700's, the assembly line developed by Henry Ford in the 1900's which brought the division
of labour to the workers, as each worker only had to work on one part of the good as it moved down the assembly line. The Factory system is an
example of an evolution as it evolved from hand tools and manual labour to an automatic process which could produce mass produce goods

Politics And Its Effect On Society
One cannot entirely define politics as it becomes more subjective and relative within individuals and societies. However there seems to be one
common fact that cuts across all the various definitions and ideas; essentially it is the power factor. Today most people see it as a "game", hence the
term political gimmicks. It is almost as if a group of people are into some kind of race to get the ultimate price of power and will do "anything" to get it.
According Randall (1982, pg.10), politics is how resources available to people are used. With this definition, they are entitled to the decision–making
allocation of resources and the management of these resources that indirectly or directly affect the public domain. Further more, it has no distinction as
to who or what gender has to lead. In world politics today, things are a bit different and quite clear on the different role of women and men in relation to
their participation and involvement.
Gender equality has gained a central place on the global political agenda and it is now widely assumed a positive ideal (Squires, 2007). Furthermore,
gender equality is seen as central to the awareness of modernization and economic efficiency, which is presented as key to good governance. Both
rights–based and utility–based arguments have converged to place gender equality high on the agenda of liberal states and organizations (Squires, 2007).
The pursuit of gender equality is now widely accepted as a major policy goal by

Political Marketing
Reconciling Marketing with Political Science: Theories of Political Marketing.
Journal of Marketing Management, 1997, Vol 13, pp.651–663
Dominic Wring
This paper has two broad aims: to trace the theoretical development of political marketing and then demonstrate how these concepts can be used in the
analysis of election campaigns. Electioneering is not the sole manifestation of marketing in politics but it is the most obvious, a point underlined by
recent work addressing the prominent role now played by political marketing in a parliamentary democracy like Britain (Franklin 1994; Kavanagh
1995; Scammell 1995). Whilst much of this material understandably concentrates on the once neglected work of campaign practitioners, the more
The British and American definitions are useful in that they counteract the crude and oversimplistic belief that marketing is simply about firms giving
their customers what they want. Such a clichГ© may convey clarity but it obscures more complex truth. And because some in political science (not to
mention other disciplines) may have misunderstood marketing in this way, it helps explain why relatively few in the field have sought to use it as a
tool of electoral analysis.
Marketing then is a process in which the notion of "consumer focus" plays a major strategic role but not to the exclusion of organisational needs.
Compared with over–simplistic customer centred understandings of the subject, this theoretical interpretation fits more easily with the world of
"realpolitik". In analysing the electoral market Adrian Sackman emphasises this point, arguing that: "Marketing is thus built upon a paradox; it starts
with the customer, is directed at the customer, but is fundamentally concerned with the satisfaction of the producer 's own interests" (Sackman 1992).
Such sentiments resemble J.K.Galbraith 's stricture that marketing and advertising are activities governed and to some extent created by producer
groups (Galbraith 1969). In political science this view is reflected in theoretical considerations of competition which attempt

The Political Impacts Of The Cold War

The Political Impacts Of The Cold War

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