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z/VM Platform Update




           John Franciscovich
            z/VM Development
            francisj@us.ibm.com

                                  © 2011 IBM Corporation
                                               © 2009 IBM
                                               Corporation
Trademarks
    The following are trademarks of the International Business Machines Corporation in the United States and/or other countries.

      IBM*                                     System z10*                   System z196
      IBM Logo*                                Tivoli*                       System z114
      DB2*                                     z10 BC
      Dynamic Infrastructure*                  z9*
      GDPS*                                    z/OS*
      HiperSockets                             z/VM*
      Parallel Sysplex*                        z/VSE
      RACF*                                    zEnterprise*
      System z*

     * Registered trademarks of IBM Corporation




    The following are trademarks or registered trademarks of other companies.
    OpenSolaris, Java and all Java-based trademarks are trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the United States, other countries, or both.
    Microsoft, Windows, Windows NT, and the Windows logo are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States, other countries, or both.
    INFINIBAND, InfiniBand Trade Association and the INFINIBAND design marks are trademarks and/or service marks of the INFINIBAND Trade Association.
    UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group in the United States and other countries.
    Linux is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds in the United States, other countries, or both.

    All other products may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies.


    Notes:
    Performance is in Internal Throughput Rate (ITR) ratio based on measurements and projections using standard IBM benchmarks in a controlled environment. The actual throughput that any user will experience will vary
    depending upon considerations such as the amount of multiprogramming in the user's job stream, the I/O configuration, the storage configuration, and the workload processed. Therefore, no assurance can be given that
    an individual user will achieve throughput improvements equivalent to the performance ratios stated here.
    IBM hardware products are manufactured from new parts, or new and serviceable used parts. Regardless, our warranty terms apply.
    All customer examples cited or described in this presentation are presented as illustrations of the manner in which some customers have used IBM products and the results they may have achieved. Actual environmental
    costs and performance characteristics will vary depending on individual customer configurations and conditions.
    This publication was produced in the United States. IBM may not offer the products, services or features discussed in this document in other countries, and the information may be subject to change without notice.
    Consult your local IBM business contact for information on the product or services available in your area.
    All statements regarding IBM's future direction and intent are subject to change or withdrawal without notice, and represent goals and objectives only.
    Information about non-IBM products is obtained from the manufacturers of those products or their published announcements. IBM has not tested those products and cannot confirm the performance, compatibility, or any
    other claims related to non-IBM products. Questions on the capabilities of non-IBM products should be addressed to the suppliers of those products.
    Prices subject to change without notice. Contact your IBM representative or Business Partner for the most current pricing in your geography.




2
                                                                                                                                                                                         © 2011 IBM Corporation
Acknowledgments – Platform Update Team



■   Alan Altmark
■   Bill Bitner
■   Miguel Delapaz
■   Glenda Ford
■   John Franciscovich
■   Les Geer
■   Susan Greenlee
■   Dan Griffith
■   Brian Hugenbruch
■   Romney White




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                                         © 2011 IBM Corporation
Agenda



    ■   z/VM Timeline


    ■   A word about z/VM V5.4...


    ■   Introducing z/VM V6.2


    ■   The Future: IBM Statements of Direction


    ■   More on SSI and LGR

4
                                                  © 2011 IBM Corporation
z/VM Release Status

     z/VM: helping clients “do more with less”
      Higher core-to-core consolidation ratios
      Higher levels of resource sharing and utilization
      Higher levels of staff efficiency      z/VM V6
                                                                                       Dec 2
                                                                           Oct         2011
                                                                           2009




                                                                                                  Statements of Direction
                       z/VM V5                           9/08
                                                                                                                            Future enhancements:
                                               6/07                                                                         - Hardware and I/O
                                   12/05
                         9/04                                                                                               - Ensemble management
                                                                                                                            - z/OS and Linux synergy
                                                                                       R2
                                                                           R1                                               - Single System Image
                                               R3        R4                                                                 - Virtualization
                         R1        R2                                                                                       - Networking
                                                                                                                            - Security




                         9/07      4/09         9/10     9/13               4/13        4/15

                            Service discontinued        Currently marketed mm/yy Release GA date (top)
                            Withdrawn from marketing    Future release     mm/yy Service discontinuance date (bottom)

    IBM received EAL 4+ certification of z/VM V5.3 from the German Federal Office of Information Security (Bundesamt für Sicherheit in der
    Informationstechnik) for conformance to the Controlled Access and Labeled Security protection profiles (CAPP and LSPP) of the Common
    Criteria standard for IT security, ISO/IEC 15408. z/VM V6.1 is currently undergoing evaluation against OSPP with the labeled security
    extension at EAL 4+.
5
                                                                                                                                        © 2011 IBM Corporation
z/VM Version 5 Release 4
System z9 and older



■   End of Service for z/VM V5.4 is September 30, 2013


■   z/VM V5.4 and z/VM V6 are available concurrently


■   Clients with System z9 or prior generations should acquire z/VM V5.4 now
      – Excellent time to also look at moving to newer processor technology with recent z114
        availability.
          • z114 Servers are fast enough to provide the equivalent of six z9 EC IFLs for most
            workloads
          • Need to validate processor and memory requirements for these migrations.




6
                                                                                   © 2011 IBM Corporation
z/VM Version 6 Release 1
Security Certification Plans


    ■   IBM intends to evaluate z/VM 6.1 under Common Criteria (ISO/IEC 15408)
         – Statement of Direction issued 22 July 2010
         – Evaluation in progress (BSI-DSZ-CC-0752)
         – Security Target: Operating System Protection Profile (OSPP) at EAL 4+
             • Virtualization extension
             • Labeled Security extension
         – RACFVM and z/VM SSL must be configured
         – z/VM Secure Configuration Guide will be updated

    ■   Federal Information Protection Standard (FIPS) 140-2
         – z/VM 6.1 SSL is designed to support FIPS mode
         – Enablement for both server and certificate database
         – Validation of AES ciphers complete:
            • http://csrc.nist.gov/groups/STM/cavp/documents/aes/aesval.html#1712




7
                                                                                    © 2011 IBM Corporation
z/VM Version 6 Release 2



    ■   Announced October 12, 2011


    ■   Generally available December 2, 2011
         – z/VM V6.1 withdrawn from Marketing


    ■   End of service April 30, 2015


    ■   Major changes include:
         – Single System Image
         – Live Guest Relocation
         – Turnkey support for Unified Resource Manager




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                                                          © 2011 IBM Corporation
Single System Image Feature
Clustered Hypervisor with Live Guest Relocation

    ■   Provided as an optional priced feature.
    ■   Connect up to four z/VM systems as members of a Single System Image
        (SSI) cluster
    ■   Provides a set of shared resources for member systems and their hosted
        virtual machines
    ■   Cluster members can be run on the same or different System z servers
    ■   Simplifies systems management of
        a multi-z/VM environment
                                                            Cross - system communications for
         – Single user directory                           “ single system image ” management
                                                  z/VM 1                                                 z/VM 3
         – Cluster management from any member
            • Apply maintenance to all members
              in the cluster from one location
            • Issue commands from one member
              to operate on another                                    Shared disks

         – Built-in cross-member capabilities
                                                  z/VM 2                                                 z/VM 4
         – Resource coordination and protection
           of network and disks                              Cross - system external network        Private disks
                                                               connectivity for guest systems


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                                                                                                © 2011 IBM Corporation
z/VM Pricing
■    z/VM V5 and V6 pricing consists of:
       – An OTC price per value unit
       – An S&S annual support charge price per value unit
■    Number of value units is determined by number of engines, shown below on left.
■    Prices are set per value unit, relative prices are illustrated below on right.
■    The SSI feature includes LGR and it is priced in line with the RACF feature

         z/VM Value Unit Schedule                               Relative Prices per Value Unit
       Number of        Value Units per
        Engines             Engine
                                                     DirMaint                                                       OTC / VU
          1 to 3               10                                                                                   S & S / VU
          4 to 6                9                Perf Toolkit

          7 to 9                8                           SSI
         10 to 12               7                       RACF
         13 to 16               6
                                                        RSCS
         17 to 20               5
                                                         Base
         21 to 25               4
                                                 *For illustrative purposes. See IBM or Business Partner for details.
      26 and above              3
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                                                                                                                 © 2011 IBM Corporation
Single System Image Feature
Clustered Hypervisor with Live Guest Relocation

 ■   Dynamically move Linux guests from one member to another with Live Guest
     Relocation
      – Reduce planned outages
      – Enhance workload management
      – Non-disruptively move work to available system resources and non-disruptively
        move system resources to work
 ■   Complements existing HA solutions
      – Not designed to replace them

 ■   When combined with Capacity Upgrade on Demand, Capacity Backup on Demand, and
     Dynamic Memory Upgrade, you will get the best of both worlds


                     Bring additional resources to the workload!

                               Move the workload to the resources!




11
                                                                                 © 2011 IBM Corporation
Single System Image Feature
Clustered Hypervisor with Live Guest Relocation


■    Unified Resource Manager does not support SSI and LGR


■    IBM Director does not support SSI and LGR


■    Suggested best practice is to not combine SSI and LGR with the above offerings

      – Work with your IBM Sales Team, IBM Lab Services, or z/VM Development Lab to
        determine which technologies are most critical to your environment and business.




12
                                                                                  © 2011 IBM Corporation
z/VM Single System Image and Live Guest Relocation
Implementation Services


 IBM System z Lab Services Offering:
 ■ In-depth education on the functions of VMSSI

 ■   Cluster planning and deployment assistance
 ■   Operational guidance and recommendations
 ■   Migration assistance for users of CSE
 ■   Demonstrate the technology in your own environment.
 ■   Help you create system configuration files
 ■   Analyze how SSI and LGR will affect your system initialization, recovery, and
     automation procedures
 ■   Early identification of any inhibitors to use
 ■   Identification of any required z/VM or Linux operating system patches


 For more information, contact systemz@us.ibm.com



13
                                                                                     © 2011 IBM Corporation
VSWITCH: Multiple access ports per guest


■    One or more virtual ports on a VSWITCH are reserved for a guest
■    Ports are associated with a VLAN – implicit authorization (exc. RACF)
■    Authorization changes take effect immediately
■    Eliminates need for VLAN-aware guests
       LINUX1 4f8       LINUX1 4fc
         access           access
                                      define vswitch vswitch1 portbased vlan aware native none
                                      set vswitch vswitch1 portnumber 1 userid LINUX1
            1              2          set vswitch vswitch1 portnumber 2 userid LINUX1
                                      set vswitch vswitch1 portnumber 3 userid LINUX2 porttype trunk
                                      set vswitch vswitch1 vlanid 100 add 1 3
                                      set vswitch vswitch1 vlanid 200 add 2 3

         VLAN            VLAN         USER1:
                                      Couple 4f8 to system vswitch1 portnum 1
          100             200         Couple 4fc to system vswitch1 portnum 2

                                      USER2:
     VSWITCH1                         Couple 4f8 to system vswitch1 [portnum 3]

                               OSA     Switch port number not available on NICDEF. Use
                    3
                                       COMMAND COUPLE in the directory.
             LINUX2 4f8
                trunk
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                                                                                       © 2011 IBM Corporation
Scalability and Performance Enhancements
Available by PTF to prior releases where shown


 ■   Reduction of memory and CPU resources required to manage larger memory sizes


 ■   Control of the guest page re-ordering process, improving the performance
     characteristics of guests with large memory footprints (VM64774)


 ■   Reduced system overhead of guest page release function, thereby helping to increase
     guest throughput (VM64715)


 ■   Improved contiguous frame coalescing algorithms help to increase system throughput
     (VM64795)




15
                                                                                 © 2011 IBM Corporation
Scalability and Performance Enhancements
Available by PTF to prior releases where shown


 ■   More accurate scheduling algorithm for guests that have LIMITHARD shares
     (VM64721)


 ■   Reduce LPAR suspend time by reducing the number of DIAGNOSE 0x9C and 0x44
     instructions issued when obtaining system locks (VM64927 for z/VM 6.1 only)


 ■   Improve workload dispatch algorithm to eliminate erratic virtual machine pause in busy
     systems with more than 14:1 total virtual to logical CPU over-commitment (VM64887)




16
                                                                                   © 2011 IBM Corporation
Advances in Processor Performance



■    The CPU Measurement Facility is a System z hardware facility that characterizes the
     performance of the CPU and nest:
       – Instructions, cycles, cache misses, and other processor related information
       – Available on z10 EC/BC, z196, z114

■    IBM will be using data from this facility to influence future processor design and benchmark
     validation of those designs.


■    Will also increase accuracy of future processor capacity sizing tools


■    To assist, by providing sample Monwrite data containing the counters, please contact
     Richard Lewis (rflewis@us.ibm.com)




17
                                                                                      © 2011 IBM Corporation
TCP/IP Enhancements



 ■   Stack
      –RFC 4191: Router selection preferences
      –RFC 5175: IPv6 router advertisement flags extension

 ■   FTP
      –IPv6
      –Passwords suppressed in server traces
      –Wildcards supported for BFS files

 ■   SMTP
      –IPv6
      –Includes IPv6 support in CMS NOTE and SENDFILE



18
                                                             © 2011 IBM Corporation
TCP/IP Enhancements
OSA Diagnostics
                                             VM TCP/IP Netstat Level 620      TCP/IP Server Name: TCPIP

                                             Device K4L3VSW6640DEV: data as of 09/23/11   01:05:21
 ■   The NETSTAT command has been              OSA Generation:                            OSA-Express3
                                               OSA Firmware Level:                        00000766
     updated to provide details taken from     Port Speed/Mode:                           1000 Mbs / Full Duplex
                                               Port Media Type:                           Multi Mode (SR/SX)
     the OSA Address Table (OAT) via           PCHID:                                     0291
     new OSAINFO option.                       CHPID:
                                               Manufacturer MAC Address:
                                                                                          0053
                                                                                          00-14-5E-78-17-F2
                                               Configured MAC Address:                    00-00-00-00-00-00
                                               Data Device Sub-Channel Address:           6640
                                               CULA:                                      00
                                               Unit Address:                              40
                                               Physical Port Number:                      0
 ■   OSA/SF no longer required to obtain       Number Of Output Queues:
                                               Number Of Input Queues:
                                                                                          1
                                                                                          1
     device details                            Number Of Active Input Queues:
                                               QDIO CHPID Type:
                                                                                          0
                                                                                          OSD
                                               QDIO Connection:                           Not Isolated
                                               IPv4 L3 VMAC:                              00-00-00-00-00-00
                                               IPv4 VMAC Router Mode:                     No
                                               IPv4 L3 VMAC Active:                       No
                                               IPv4 L3 VMAC Source:                       n/a
 ■   OSA-Express3 and later                    IPv4 L3 Global VLAN ID Active:             No
                                               IPv4 Global VLAN ID:                       0
                                               IPv4 Assists Enabled:                      00001C71
                                               IPv4 Outbound Checksum:                    00000000
                                               IPv4 Inbound Checksum:                     00000000

                                               IPv4 Address:                           IPA Flags:
                                             -----------------------                 -----------------
                                             9.60.29.53                              00000002

                                             IPv4 Multicast Address:                 MAC Address:
                                             -----------------------                 -----------------
                                             224.0.0.1                               01-00-5E-00-00-01




19
                                                                                                © 2011 IBM Corporation
Access controls for dedicated or attached devices


 ■   The CP ATTACH and GIVE commands, as well as the DEDICATE statements in the
     directory will now engage ESM access controls


 ■   Integrated ASCII console on the HMC is also managed


 ■   Full discretionary and mandatory access controls


 ■   RACF support included




20
                                                                          © 2011 IBM Corporation
Mandatory access controls for virtual consoles


 ■   SET SECUSER and SET OBSERVER are now available when mandatory access
     controls (security labels) are active.


 ■   Virtual security zones (“color coding” of users and resources) can now co-exist with
     system automation functions.


 ■   Also applies to the user ID specified on CONSOLE directory statement.


 ■   Users in different zones cannot see or manage each others' virtual console
      – Console cannot be given
      – Console cannot be taken
      – System administrators and automation solutions can use label SYSNONE to allow
        them access to all consoles



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                                                                                    © 2011 IBM Corporation
RACF Security Server


 ■   Single System Image
       – Automatic propagation of most RACF commands

 ■   Protected Users
       – User without a password or password phrase will not be revoked due to too many
         invalid password attempts or inactivity

 ■   Real device protection
      – ATTACH, GIVE, DEDICATE
      – New VMDEV class
      – Profiles: RDEV.device.system_id
          • Qualified by system ID in order to accommodate shared database across CECs
          • Device “SYSASCII” used for HMC integrated ASCII console
 ■   Support for Diagnose 0xA0 Subcode 0x48
      – Obtain information about installed ESM (not just RACF!) in architected format



22
                                                                                   © 2011 IBM Corporation
RACF Security Server



■    High Level Assembler no longer required for most common customizations
■    ALTER (MW) access for VMMDISK no longer conveys the ability to change the
     access list for the minidisk


■    RPIDIRCT updates:
      – Create VMLAN profiles from NICDEF statements
      – Create VMDEV profiles from DEDICATE statements
      – Recognize IDENTITY and SUBCONFIG definitions
      – Passwords AUTOONLY, LBYONLY, and NOPASS cause user to be Protected
      – Password NOLOG causes user to be revoked unless required for POSIX
         • POSIX users will be Protected




23
                                                                       © 2011 IBM Corporation
LDAP Server Upgrade



 ■   z/OS R12 level


 ■   Management and change logging of general resources

 ■   Password management policy support to improve LDAP
     authentication from open systems such as Linux
      –Expiry warnings
      –Interactive password change when password has expired
      –Password rule validation



24
                                                          © 2011 IBM Corporation
Additional z/OS R12 Equivalency Upgrades


 ■   Language Environment (LE) runtime libraries


 ■   MPROUTE


 ■   Program Management Binder
      – COMPAT supports ZOSV1R10, ZOSV1R11, ZOSV1R12
      – New suboptions on RMODE
      – Compiler parameters can be read from IEWPARMS DDNAME
      – New C/C++ API


 ■   Support for IBM XL C/C++ Compiler for z/VM, V1.3 (5654-A22)
      – Details can be found in US announcement letter 211-369

 ■   System SSL
25
                                                                   © 2011 IBM Corporation
z/CMS


 ■   Previously shipped with z/VM as a sample program, now supported as an optional
     CMS
       – IPL ZCMS
 ■   Enables CMS programs to use z/Architecture instructions and 64-bit registers
 ■   Existing ESA/390 architecture programs continue to run unchanged
      – CMS not exploit memory above 2 GB
      – CMS does not provide memory management API for memory above 2 GB
 ■   Programs that examine or change architecture-sensitive memory locations (NUCON)
     must be updated in order to use z/CMS
 ■   No architectural support for XC mode
      – VM Data Spaces not available




26
                                                                                    © 2011 IBM Corporation
Installation Improvements


 ■   Significant changes to system layout to support Single System Image
       – “This isn't your grandfather's z/VM!”
 ■   Choose a non-SSI system or a complete 1- to 4-member SSI cluster
      – First or second level
 ■   All installation information is gathered at one time
       – Installation initiated with a single command
 ■   All DASD volumes can be labeled at installation time, including the system residence
     volume
 ■   Turnkey support for zEnterprise ensembles
      – Enable clients new to z/VM to get started with Unified Resource Manager
      – Those who purchase DIRMAINT or another directory manager, or who require an
        external security manager, need to perform manual enablement
          • Decline this option during installation




27
                                                                                   © 2011 IBM Corporation
Removed Functions


 ■   Kerberos authentication system
      – IBM Software Announcement 208-249


 ■   CMS-based Domain Name Server (NAMESRV)
      – IBM Software Announcement 209-207


 ■   RESOURCE option of VMSES/E VMFINS command
      – IBM Software Announcement 210-234

 ■   z/VM Manageability Access Point (zMAP) agent and the platform agent for IBM
     Systems Director for Linux on System z, previously shipped with z/VM V6.1




28
                                                                               © 2011 IBM Corporation
Previously Shipped Functional Enhancements
Included in z/VM V6.2
■    XRC timestamps


■    Hyperswap improvements


■    SSL Server Reliability and Scalability


■    CPU Measurement Counter Facility Host support


■    zEnterprise Unified Resource Manager




29
                                                     © 2011 IBM Corporation
Statements of Direction - Summary
(Subject to change or withdrawal without notice)

■    New function (separate Statements of Direction for each)
      – HiperSocket VSWITCH Integration with zEnterprise IEDN
      – HiperSockets Completion Queues
      – High Performance FICON
      – GDPS/PPRC 3.8


■    Stabilize
       – RMFPMS agent function of IBM Performance Toolkit for VM


■    Withdrawal of support (separate Statements of Direction for each)
      – HMC non-ensemble z/VM System Management
      – Certain TCP/IP devices and daemons
      – User Class Restructure (UCR) and OVERRIDE utility
      – Cross System Extensions (CSE)




30
                                                                         © 2011 IBM Corporation
More on SSI and LGR




31
                           © 2011 IBM Corporation
z/VM SSI Cluster



                                 Multiple CTCs for ISFC-based
                                      SSI communications
             Member 1                                                  Member 2




                                        Shared volumes


             Member 3                                                  Member 4

                          Common LAN for guest IP communications
                          (optionally, with shared SAN for guest FCP
     Non-shared volumes        connections)

32
                                                                           © 2011 IBM Corporation
LGR Background
                                                                Target
         Source
                           PUSH with resend

                       Pass 1



         Guest         Pass 2                                  Guest
        address                                                address
         space         Pass 3                                  space


                      Pass N:
                      quiesced


             Technique: iterative push with change detection


33
                                                                   © 2011 IBM Corporation
Safe Guest Relocation

■    Eligibility checks done multiple times throughout the relocation process.


■    Check more than just eligibility to move the virtual machine, but also
     check is it “safe” to move.
      – Overrides are available
■    Checks for:
      – Does virtual machine really have access to all the same resources
       and functions?
      – Will moving the virtual machine over commit resources to the point of
       jeopardizing other workload on the destination system?


■    Pacing logic to minimize impact to other work in more memory
     constrained environments

34
                                                                      © 2011 IBM Corporation
Value Perspective: Flexibility for Planned Outages
■    The good news is workload running on z/VM is becoming more and more critical; the bad
     news is that brings greater availability challenges.
       – Maintenance windows for down time get smaller
■    SSI and LGR allow moving work and rolling out service...



                                                        Workload 1x
                 Workload 1                              Workload 2

               z/VM System A                           z/VM System B

                Workload 1y                              Workload 1z
                 Workload 3                              Workload 4

               z/VM System C                           z/VM System D

35
                                                                                 © 2011 IBM Corporation
Value Perspective: Increased Control Over Server Sprawl



■    Server sprawl and the success of virtualization have led to virtual server sprawl, z/VM SSI
     Clusters improve the management characteristics for these environments.
■    Consider customer where a single LPAR for production is sufficient today, but they are
     growing at a significant rate.
■    Move to z/VM 6.2 keeping your individual system, but prepare them to run as multi-member
     SSI in the future.
■    Various reasons to expand past a single LPAR:
      – Risk management: avoiding all eggs in one basket and diversification.
      – Out growing single LPAR capacity
      – Flexibility for software licensing
■    Bring in another LPAR and bring up new SSI member.




36
                                                                                      © 2011 IBM Corporation
Value Perspective: Managing Resource Distribution
■    Some customers have or are in processing of exceeding the capacity of a single z/VM
     system and split work across LPARs
■    Determining how to divide the workloads across LPARs is a challenge, particularly in a
     dynamic world...




               z/VM System A                            z/VM System B


■    With individual z/VM systems, one would need to define new virtual machines on B and
     remove the definitions on A
       – Responsibility of ensuring integrity during process is on shoulders of system
         programmer.
■    With an SSI cluster, one can more easily redistribute the load through static or in many
     cases with LGR.
37
                                                                                      © 2011 IBM Corporation
SSI Cluster Management – Features for Greater Reliability

■    Cross-checking of configuration details as members join cluster and as resources are used:
      – SSI membership definition and identity
      – Consistent definition of shared spool volumes
      – Compatible virtual network configurations (MAC address ranges, VSwitch definitions)


■    Cluster-wide policing of resource access:
       – Volume ownership marking to prevent dual use
       – Coordinated minidisk link checking
       – Autonomic minidisk cache management
       – Single logon enforcement


■    Communications failure “locks down” future resource allocations until resolved


■    Comprehensive checking for resource and machine feature compatibility during relocation:
      – Adjustment of “virtual architecture level” to support customer relocation policy



38
                                                                                      © 2011 IBM Corporation
Summary: z/VM 6.2 – Another Milestone for Virtualization
■    For decades, System z has shown the strength of moving resources to the work that needs it
      – SSI and LGR add more value by allowing work to move to resources in a non-disruptive
         manner.


■    SSI clustering takes advantage of hardware and software technology to optimize success
      – Minimizes the complex system programmer steps required for clustering technology
      – Low overhead
      – No specialized hardware.


■    z/VM Live Guest Relocation takes guest mobility technology to the next level
       – Customers do not have to give up the rich resource control and management features
         they have come to love with z/VM.


■    In addition to SSI and LGR, z/VM 6.2 includes enhancements for:
       – Hardware exploitation
       – Systems management
       – Network virtualization
       – Security
       – Application enablement
39
                                                                                  © 2011 IBM Corporation
References



■    z/VM Home Page: http://www.ibm.com/vm/

■    z/VM Version 6 Release 2 Resources: http://www.ibm.com/vm/zvm620/
       – Includes links to announce letters

■    z/VM Single System Image Overview: http://www.ibm.com/vm/ssi/

■    Information on service required for z/VM when used managed by Unified Resource

     Manager: http://www.ibm.com/vm/service/vmrequrm.html




40
                                                                                © 2011 IBM Corporation
Thanks!

        Contact Information:

               John Franciscovich
               z/VM Development
               francisj@us.ibm.com
               +1 607-429-3574




41
                                     © 2011 IBM Corporation
Previously Shipped Functional Enhancements
     APAR numbers apply to z/VM 6.1 and z/VM 5.4 unless otherwise stated




42
                                                                   © 2011 IBM Corporation
XRC Timestamps
VM64814 and VM64816


 ■   CP will sync with STP at IPL and, optionally, obtain time zone and leap seconds from
     STP
      – No need to deactivate/activate LPAR


 ■   Correct time will be placed in all host and guest I/O
      – CP will monitor STP time signals


 ■   Enabled via SYSTEM CONFIG with option to skip timestamp or delay I/O if CP is
     unable to sync with STP


 ■   No virtualization of STP
      – Option for 2nd level systems to stamp I/O without use of STP




43
                                                                                   © 2011 IBM Corporation
Hyperswap Improvements
VM64815 and VM64816


 ■   CP HYPERSWAP command now has additional controls for missing interrupt handling
      – Do not trigger automatic quiesce (default)
          • GDPS will not be notified
      – Trigger automatic quiesce after specified number of MI detection intervals
          • GDPS will be notified


 ■   Better management of PAV and HyperPAV devices


 ■   Avoid unnecessary hyperswaps due to normal maintenance activities
      – Concurrent storage controller upgrade


 ■   New wait state 9060 if abend occurs when Hyperswap is in progress
      – no checkpoint taken, no automatic dump
      – restart dump if dedicated dump volume, else standalone dump



44
                                                                                     © 2011 IBM Corporation
SSL Server Reliability and Scalability
PK97437, PK97438, PK75662



■    Major rewrite


■    Multiple SSL servers with ‘resume’ cache manager and shared database
      – Can balance total number of sessions against number of sessions per server


■    Significant performance improvements
       – Interactive workloads such as telnet
       – Session establishment costs, particularly during mass ‘reconnect’


■    Updates to TCP/IP stack, as well


■    Migration required
      – http://www.vm.ibm.com/related/tcpip/tcsslspe.html

45
                                                                                 © 2011 IBM Corporation
CPU Measurement Facility Counters – Host Support
VM64961



■    Sets of counters for each logical processor that count events such as cycle, instruction, and
     cache directory-write counts
       – Same COUNTER information as z/OS partitions


■    Accumulation is a relatively low-overhead activity and is performed automatically by the
     machine when the counters are authorized, enabled, and activated


■    Authorization controlled by a logical partition’s Security settings in its activation profile


■    Enablement, activation, and data collection controlled by z/VM MONITOR command




46
                                                                                            © 2011 IBM Corporation
zEnterprise Unified Resource Manager
VM64822, VM64904, VM64917, VM64956, VM64957




■    z/VM V6 only


■    Turnkey installation option to enable virtual server management via zEnterprise Unified
     Resource Manager (z/VM V6.2 only)

■    Enables Unified Resource Manager to perform system and virtual server management tasks
      – Virtual server configuration
      – Disk storage management
      – Virtual network management
      – Performance monitoring

■    CP, CMS, LE, TCP/IP, DIRMAINT, Performance Toolkit, HCD


■    http://www.vm.ibm.com/service/vmrequrm.html


47
                                                                                     © 2011 IBM Corporation
zEnterprise Unified Resource Manager
Ensemble Membership

 ■   If configured to participate in an ensemble, z/VM will automatically join the ensemble at
     IPL


 ■   Configuration tasks
      – Set up OSM and OSX channel paths
      – Set up controllers for IEDN and INMN networks
          • Pre-defined controllers DTCENS1 and DTCENS2 for exclusive use by
            ensemble networks
          • DTCENS1 automatically creates a VSWITCH to provide SMAPI connectivity to
            INMN network
      – Configure directory manager (REQUIRED)
      – Configure SMAPI servers


 ■   See chapter "Configuring z/VM for an Ensemble" in CP Planning and Administration
     manual


48
                                                                                     © 2011 IBM Corporation
Statements of Direction
          Subject to change or withdrawal without notice,
           representing IBM goals and objectives only.


     Note for withdrawals: Unless otherwise stated, it is IBM's
      intent that z/VM V6.2 will be the last release of z/VM to
                   support the indicated function.




49
                                                                  © 2011 IBM Corporation
HiperSocket VSWITCH Integration with zEnterprise IEDN
z/VM Statement of Direction: New function


 ■   Virtual Switch bridge between Ethernet LAN and HiperSockets
      –zEnterprise IEDN (OSX) connections
      –Guests can use simulated OSA or dedicated HiperSockets
      –VLAN aware
      –One HiperSocket chpid only

 ■   Full redundancy
      –Up to 5 bridges per CEC
      –One bridge per LPAR
      –Automatic takeover
      –Optionally designate one “primary”
          • Primary will perform “takeback” when it comes up
      –Each bridge can have more than one OSA uplink

50
                                                                   © 2011 IBM Corporation
HiperSocket VSWITCH Integration with zEnterprise IEDN
z/VM Statement of Direction: New function



               LP1             LP2      LP3                 LP4        LP5


                      HiperSocket
                         chpid




         OSX    OSX           OSX           OSX            OSX   OSX


                                                             IEDN
                                                  Blades
                                                                              zBX
     ● z/VM guest only                            ● Same or different LPAR
     ● Built-in failover and failback             ● One active bridge per CEC

     ● Special IOCP definition will be required   ● PMTU simulation



51
                                                                         © 2011 IBM Corporation
HiperSockets Completion Queues
z/VM Statement of Direction: New function


 ■   Transfer HiperSockets messages asynchronously


 ■   Used whenever traditional synchronous queues are full


 ■   Automatic enablement; no z/VM configuration required


 ■   Helpful when traffic is “bursty”


 ■   Exploitation by CP VSWITCH only; no guest simulation




52
                                                             © 2011 IBM Corporation
High Performance FICON
z/VM Statement of Direction: New function


 ■   Enable guests to use High Performance FICON for System z (zHPF)
      – Different I/O model
      – Single and multiple track I/O



 ■   Requires host and control unit compatibility
      – Consult a storage specialist for details


 ■   z/OS and Linux provide exploitation




53
                                                                       © 2011 IBM Corporation
IBM Performance Toolkit for VM: RMFPMS agent
z/VM Statement of Direction: Stabilize existing function



 ■   Performance Toolkit processing of the output from Linux rmfpms agent, part of the
     z/OS RMF PM offering, will no longer be updated


 ■   Performance Toolkit may give incorrect results as the underlying rmfpms agent evolves


 ■   Support for the Linux rmfpms agent has already been withdrawn, but continues to be
     available on an as-is basis




54
                                                                                   © 2011 IBM Corporation
HMC non-ensemble z/VM System Management
z/VM Statement of Direction: Withdrawal of existing function


■    z/VM V6.2 is the last release of z/VM that will be supported by the non-ensemble z/VM
     System Management functions of the System z10, z196 and z114


■    z/VM virtual server management will continue to be supported using the zEnterprise Unified
     Resource Manager on the z196 and later




55
                                                                                   © 2011 IBM Corporation
TCP/IP Devices and Daemons
z/VM Statement of Direction: Withdrawal


 ■   A220 HYPERchannel devices

 ■   CLAW devices

 ■   DHCP daemon

 ■   LPSERVE (LPD)

      – RSCS LPD will continue to be provided at no charge

      – Does not affect LPR




56
                                                             © 2011 IBM Corporation
User Class Restructure and OVERRIDE utility
z/VM Statement of Direction: Withdrawal


 ■   User Class Restructure (UCR) was first introduced in VM/SP Release 6 to allow
     changes to the privilege classes associated with CP commands and DIAGNOSE
     subcodes.


 ■   OVERRIDE utility was a “compiler” used to create special UCR-type files in the spool


 ■   Function was replaced by MODIFY COMMAND capability in VM/ESA
      – Use the CP MODIFY COMMAND command or SYSTEM CONFIG statement




57
                                                                                   © 2011 IBM Corporation
Cross System Extensions (CSE)
z/VM Statement of Direction: Withdrawal


 ■   The z/VM Single System Image (VMSSI) feature replaces the functions provided by
     CSE:
      – Logon once in the cluster, with exceptions
      – Cross-system MESSAGE and QUERY commands
      – Cross-system LINK (XLINK)
      – Shared spool
      – Shared source directory

 ■   VMSSI brings additional value such as autonomic minidisk cache management and a
     single point of maintenance




58
                                                                               © 2011 IBM Corporation
Support for GDPS/PPRC 3.8
z/VM Statement of Direction: New function


■    Disk subsystem preemptive HyperSwap
       – Storage controllers will notify host when failure is predicted
       – HyperSwap before I/O errors are generated

■    HyperSwap scalability
      – Summary “PPRC Suspend” event notification by storage controller
      – Avoid separate notification for each disk


■    Future z/VM release support for an alternate subchannel set to place PPRC secondary
     devices




59
                                                                                 © 2011 IBM Corporation

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z/VM Platform Update Highlights z/VM V6.2 and SSI Feature

  • 1. z/VM Platform Update John Franciscovich z/VM Development francisj@us.ibm.com © 2011 IBM Corporation © 2009 IBM Corporation
  • 2. Trademarks The following are trademarks of the International Business Machines Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. IBM* System z10* System z196 IBM Logo* Tivoli* System z114 DB2* z10 BC Dynamic Infrastructure* z9* GDPS* z/OS* HiperSockets z/VM* Parallel Sysplex* z/VSE RACF* zEnterprise* System z* * Registered trademarks of IBM Corporation The following are trademarks or registered trademarks of other companies. OpenSolaris, Java and all Java-based trademarks are trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the United States, other countries, or both. Microsoft, Windows, Windows NT, and the Windows logo are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States, other countries, or both. INFINIBAND, InfiniBand Trade Association and the INFINIBAND design marks are trademarks and/or service marks of the INFINIBAND Trade Association. UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group in the United States and other countries. Linux is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds in the United States, other countries, or both. All other products may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies. Notes: Performance is in Internal Throughput Rate (ITR) ratio based on measurements and projections using standard IBM benchmarks in a controlled environment. The actual throughput that any user will experience will vary depending upon considerations such as the amount of multiprogramming in the user's job stream, the I/O configuration, the storage configuration, and the workload processed. Therefore, no assurance can be given that an individual user will achieve throughput improvements equivalent to the performance ratios stated here. IBM hardware products are manufactured from new parts, or new and serviceable used parts. Regardless, our warranty terms apply. All customer examples cited or described in this presentation are presented as illustrations of the manner in which some customers have used IBM products and the results they may have achieved. Actual environmental costs and performance characteristics will vary depending on individual customer configurations and conditions. This publication was produced in the United States. IBM may not offer the products, services or features discussed in this document in other countries, and the information may be subject to change without notice. Consult your local IBM business contact for information on the product or services available in your area. All statements regarding IBM's future direction and intent are subject to change or withdrawal without notice, and represent goals and objectives only. Information about non-IBM products is obtained from the manufacturers of those products or their published announcements. IBM has not tested those products and cannot confirm the performance, compatibility, or any other claims related to non-IBM products. Questions on the capabilities of non-IBM products should be addressed to the suppliers of those products. Prices subject to change without notice. Contact your IBM representative or Business Partner for the most current pricing in your geography. 2 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 3. Acknowledgments – Platform Update Team ■ Alan Altmark ■ Bill Bitner ■ Miguel Delapaz ■ Glenda Ford ■ John Franciscovich ■ Les Geer ■ Susan Greenlee ■ Dan Griffith ■ Brian Hugenbruch ■ Romney White 3 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 4. Agenda ■ z/VM Timeline ■ A word about z/VM V5.4... ■ Introducing z/VM V6.2 ■ The Future: IBM Statements of Direction ■ More on SSI and LGR 4 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 5. z/VM Release Status z/VM: helping clients “do more with less” Higher core-to-core consolidation ratios Higher levels of resource sharing and utilization Higher levels of staff efficiency z/VM V6 Dec 2 Oct 2011 2009 Statements of Direction z/VM V5 9/08 Future enhancements: 6/07 - Hardware and I/O 12/05 9/04 - Ensemble management - z/OS and Linux synergy R2 R1 - Single System Image R3 R4 - Virtualization R1 R2 - Networking - Security 9/07 4/09 9/10 9/13 4/13 4/15 Service discontinued Currently marketed mm/yy Release GA date (top) Withdrawn from marketing Future release mm/yy Service discontinuance date (bottom) IBM received EAL 4+ certification of z/VM V5.3 from the German Federal Office of Information Security (Bundesamt für Sicherheit in der Informationstechnik) for conformance to the Controlled Access and Labeled Security protection profiles (CAPP and LSPP) of the Common Criteria standard for IT security, ISO/IEC 15408. z/VM V6.1 is currently undergoing evaluation against OSPP with the labeled security extension at EAL 4+. 5 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 6. z/VM Version 5 Release 4 System z9 and older ■ End of Service for z/VM V5.4 is September 30, 2013 ■ z/VM V5.4 and z/VM V6 are available concurrently ■ Clients with System z9 or prior generations should acquire z/VM V5.4 now – Excellent time to also look at moving to newer processor technology with recent z114 availability. • z114 Servers are fast enough to provide the equivalent of six z9 EC IFLs for most workloads • Need to validate processor and memory requirements for these migrations. 6 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 7. z/VM Version 6 Release 1 Security Certification Plans ■ IBM intends to evaluate z/VM 6.1 under Common Criteria (ISO/IEC 15408) – Statement of Direction issued 22 July 2010 – Evaluation in progress (BSI-DSZ-CC-0752) – Security Target: Operating System Protection Profile (OSPP) at EAL 4+ • Virtualization extension • Labeled Security extension – RACFVM and z/VM SSL must be configured – z/VM Secure Configuration Guide will be updated ■ Federal Information Protection Standard (FIPS) 140-2 – z/VM 6.1 SSL is designed to support FIPS mode – Enablement for both server and certificate database – Validation of AES ciphers complete: • http://csrc.nist.gov/groups/STM/cavp/documents/aes/aesval.html#1712 7 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 8. z/VM Version 6 Release 2 ■ Announced October 12, 2011 ■ Generally available December 2, 2011 – z/VM V6.1 withdrawn from Marketing ■ End of service April 30, 2015 ■ Major changes include: – Single System Image – Live Guest Relocation – Turnkey support for Unified Resource Manager 8 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 9. Single System Image Feature Clustered Hypervisor with Live Guest Relocation ■ Provided as an optional priced feature. ■ Connect up to four z/VM systems as members of a Single System Image (SSI) cluster ■ Provides a set of shared resources for member systems and their hosted virtual machines ■ Cluster members can be run on the same or different System z servers ■ Simplifies systems management of a multi-z/VM environment Cross - system communications for – Single user directory “ single system image ” management z/VM 1 z/VM 3 – Cluster management from any member • Apply maintenance to all members in the cluster from one location • Issue commands from one member to operate on another Shared disks – Built-in cross-member capabilities z/VM 2 z/VM 4 – Resource coordination and protection of network and disks Cross - system external network Private disks connectivity for guest systems 9 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 10. z/VM Pricing ■ z/VM V5 and V6 pricing consists of: – An OTC price per value unit – An S&S annual support charge price per value unit ■ Number of value units is determined by number of engines, shown below on left. ■ Prices are set per value unit, relative prices are illustrated below on right. ■ The SSI feature includes LGR and it is priced in line with the RACF feature z/VM Value Unit Schedule Relative Prices per Value Unit Number of Value Units per Engines Engine DirMaint OTC / VU 1 to 3 10 S & S / VU 4 to 6 9 Perf Toolkit 7 to 9 8 SSI 10 to 12 7 RACF 13 to 16 6 RSCS 17 to 20 5 Base 21 to 25 4 *For illustrative purposes. See IBM or Business Partner for details. 26 and above 3 10 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 11. Single System Image Feature Clustered Hypervisor with Live Guest Relocation ■ Dynamically move Linux guests from one member to another with Live Guest Relocation – Reduce planned outages – Enhance workload management – Non-disruptively move work to available system resources and non-disruptively move system resources to work ■ Complements existing HA solutions – Not designed to replace them ■ When combined with Capacity Upgrade on Demand, Capacity Backup on Demand, and Dynamic Memory Upgrade, you will get the best of both worlds Bring additional resources to the workload! Move the workload to the resources! 11 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 12. Single System Image Feature Clustered Hypervisor with Live Guest Relocation ■ Unified Resource Manager does not support SSI and LGR ■ IBM Director does not support SSI and LGR ■ Suggested best practice is to not combine SSI and LGR with the above offerings – Work with your IBM Sales Team, IBM Lab Services, or z/VM Development Lab to determine which technologies are most critical to your environment and business. 12 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 13. z/VM Single System Image and Live Guest Relocation Implementation Services IBM System z Lab Services Offering: ■ In-depth education on the functions of VMSSI ■ Cluster planning and deployment assistance ■ Operational guidance and recommendations ■ Migration assistance for users of CSE ■ Demonstrate the technology in your own environment. ■ Help you create system configuration files ■ Analyze how SSI and LGR will affect your system initialization, recovery, and automation procedures ■ Early identification of any inhibitors to use ■ Identification of any required z/VM or Linux operating system patches For more information, contact systemz@us.ibm.com 13 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 14. VSWITCH: Multiple access ports per guest ■ One or more virtual ports on a VSWITCH are reserved for a guest ■ Ports are associated with a VLAN – implicit authorization (exc. RACF) ■ Authorization changes take effect immediately ■ Eliminates need for VLAN-aware guests LINUX1 4f8 LINUX1 4fc access access define vswitch vswitch1 portbased vlan aware native none set vswitch vswitch1 portnumber 1 userid LINUX1 1 2 set vswitch vswitch1 portnumber 2 userid LINUX1 set vswitch vswitch1 portnumber 3 userid LINUX2 porttype trunk set vswitch vswitch1 vlanid 100 add 1 3 set vswitch vswitch1 vlanid 200 add 2 3 VLAN VLAN USER1: Couple 4f8 to system vswitch1 portnum 1 100 200 Couple 4fc to system vswitch1 portnum 2 USER2: VSWITCH1 Couple 4f8 to system vswitch1 [portnum 3] OSA Switch port number not available on NICDEF. Use 3 COMMAND COUPLE in the directory. LINUX2 4f8 trunk 14 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 15. Scalability and Performance Enhancements Available by PTF to prior releases where shown ■ Reduction of memory and CPU resources required to manage larger memory sizes ■ Control of the guest page re-ordering process, improving the performance characteristics of guests with large memory footprints (VM64774) ■ Reduced system overhead of guest page release function, thereby helping to increase guest throughput (VM64715) ■ Improved contiguous frame coalescing algorithms help to increase system throughput (VM64795) 15 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 16. Scalability and Performance Enhancements Available by PTF to prior releases where shown ■ More accurate scheduling algorithm for guests that have LIMITHARD shares (VM64721) ■ Reduce LPAR suspend time by reducing the number of DIAGNOSE 0x9C and 0x44 instructions issued when obtaining system locks (VM64927 for z/VM 6.1 only) ■ Improve workload dispatch algorithm to eliminate erratic virtual machine pause in busy systems with more than 14:1 total virtual to logical CPU over-commitment (VM64887) 16 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 17. Advances in Processor Performance ■ The CPU Measurement Facility is a System z hardware facility that characterizes the performance of the CPU and nest: – Instructions, cycles, cache misses, and other processor related information – Available on z10 EC/BC, z196, z114 ■ IBM will be using data from this facility to influence future processor design and benchmark validation of those designs. ■ Will also increase accuracy of future processor capacity sizing tools ■ To assist, by providing sample Monwrite data containing the counters, please contact Richard Lewis (rflewis@us.ibm.com) 17 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 18. TCP/IP Enhancements ■ Stack –RFC 4191: Router selection preferences –RFC 5175: IPv6 router advertisement flags extension ■ FTP –IPv6 –Passwords suppressed in server traces –Wildcards supported for BFS files ■ SMTP –IPv6 –Includes IPv6 support in CMS NOTE and SENDFILE 18 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 19. TCP/IP Enhancements OSA Diagnostics VM TCP/IP Netstat Level 620 TCP/IP Server Name: TCPIP Device K4L3VSW6640DEV: data as of 09/23/11 01:05:21 ■ The NETSTAT command has been OSA Generation: OSA-Express3 OSA Firmware Level: 00000766 updated to provide details taken from Port Speed/Mode: 1000 Mbs / Full Duplex Port Media Type: Multi Mode (SR/SX) the OSA Address Table (OAT) via PCHID: 0291 new OSAINFO option. CHPID: Manufacturer MAC Address: 0053 00-14-5E-78-17-F2 Configured MAC Address: 00-00-00-00-00-00 Data Device Sub-Channel Address: 6640 CULA: 00 Unit Address: 40 Physical Port Number: 0 ■ OSA/SF no longer required to obtain Number Of Output Queues: Number Of Input Queues: 1 1 device details Number Of Active Input Queues: QDIO CHPID Type: 0 OSD QDIO Connection: Not Isolated IPv4 L3 VMAC: 00-00-00-00-00-00 IPv4 VMAC Router Mode: No IPv4 L3 VMAC Active: No IPv4 L3 VMAC Source: n/a ■ OSA-Express3 and later IPv4 L3 Global VLAN ID Active: No IPv4 Global VLAN ID: 0 IPv4 Assists Enabled: 00001C71 IPv4 Outbound Checksum: 00000000 IPv4 Inbound Checksum: 00000000 IPv4 Address: IPA Flags: ----------------------- ----------------- 9.60.29.53 00000002 IPv4 Multicast Address: MAC Address: ----------------------- ----------------- 224.0.0.1 01-00-5E-00-00-01 19 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 20. Access controls for dedicated or attached devices ■ The CP ATTACH and GIVE commands, as well as the DEDICATE statements in the directory will now engage ESM access controls ■ Integrated ASCII console on the HMC is also managed ■ Full discretionary and mandatory access controls ■ RACF support included 20 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 21. Mandatory access controls for virtual consoles ■ SET SECUSER and SET OBSERVER are now available when mandatory access controls (security labels) are active. ■ Virtual security zones (“color coding” of users and resources) can now co-exist with system automation functions. ■ Also applies to the user ID specified on CONSOLE directory statement. ■ Users in different zones cannot see or manage each others' virtual console – Console cannot be given – Console cannot be taken – System administrators and automation solutions can use label SYSNONE to allow them access to all consoles 21 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 22. RACF Security Server ■ Single System Image – Automatic propagation of most RACF commands ■ Protected Users – User without a password or password phrase will not be revoked due to too many invalid password attempts or inactivity ■ Real device protection – ATTACH, GIVE, DEDICATE – New VMDEV class – Profiles: RDEV.device.system_id • Qualified by system ID in order to accommodate shared database across CECs • Device “SYSASCII” used for HMC integrated ASCII console ■ Support for Diagnose 0xA0 Subcode 0x48 – Obtain information about installed ESM (not just RACF!) in architected format 22 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 23. RACF Security Server ■ High Level Assembler no longer required for most common customizations ■ ALTER (MW) access for VMMDISK no longer conveys the ability to change the access list for the minidisk ■ RPIDIRCT updates: – Create VMLAN profiles from NICDEF statements – Create VMDEV profiles from DEDICATE statements – Recognize IDENTITY and SUBCONFIG definitions – Passwords AUTOONLY, LBYONLY, and NOPASS cause user to be Protected – Password NOLOG causes user to be revoked unless required for POSIX • POSIX users will be Protected 23 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 24. LDAP Server Upgrade ■ z/OS R12 level ■ Management and change logging of general resources ■ Password management policy support to improve LDAP authentication from open systems such as Linux –Expiry warnings –Interactive password change when password has expired –Password rule validation 24 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 25. Additional z/OS R12 Equivalency Upgrades ■ Language Environment (LE) runtime libraries ■ MPROUTE ■ Program Management Binder – COMPAT supports ZOSV1R10, ZOSV1R11, ZOSV1R12 – New suboptions on RMODE – Compiler parameters can be read from IEWPARMS DDNAME – New C/C++ API ■ Support for IBM XL C/C++ Compiler for z/VM, V1.3 (5654-A22) – Details can be found in US announcement letter 211-369 ■ System SSL 25 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 26. z/CMS ■ Previously shipped with z/VM as a sample program, now supported as an optional CMS – IPL ZCMS ■ Enables CMS programs to use z/Architecture instructions and 64-bit registers ■ Existing ESA/390 architecture programs continue to run unchanged – CMS not exploit memory above 2 GB – CMS does not provide memory management API for memory above 2 GB ■ Programs that examine or change architecture-sensitive memory locations (NUCON) must be updated in order to use z/CMS ■ No architectural support for XC mode – VM Data Spaces not available 26 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 27. Installation Improvements ■ Significant changes to system layout to support Single System Image – “This isn't your grandfather's z/VM!” ■ Choose a non-SSI system or a complete 1- to 4-member SSI cluster – First or second level ■ All installation information is gathered at one time – Installation initiated with a single command ■ All DASD volumes can be labeled at installation time, including the system residence volume ■ Turnkey support for zEnterprise ensembles – Enable clients new to z/VM to get started with Unified Resource Manager – Those who purchase DIRMAINT or another directory manager, or who require an external security manager, need to perform manual enablement • Decline this option during installation 27 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 28. Removed Functions ■ Kerberos authentication system – IBM Software Announcement 208-249 ■ CMS-based Domain Name Server (NAMESRV) – IBM Software Announcement 209-207 ■ RESOURCE option of VMSES/E VMFINS command – IBM Software Announcement 210-234 ■ z/VM Manageability Access Point (zMAP) agent and the platform agent for IBM Systems Director for Linux on System z, previously shipped with z/VM V6.1 28 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 29. Previously Shipped Functional Enhancements Included in z/VM V6.2 ■ XRC timestamps ■ Hyperswap improvements ■ SSL Server Reliability and Scalability ■ CPU Measurement Counter Facility Host support ■ zEnterprise Unified Resource Manager 29 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 30. Statements of Direction - Summary (Subject to change or withdrawal without notice) ■ New function (separate Statements of Direction for each) – HiperSocket VSWITCH Integration with zEnterprise IEDN – HiperSockets Completion Queues – High Performance FICON – GDPS/PPRC 3.8 ■ Stabilize – RMFPMS agent function of IBM Performance Toolkit for VM ■ Withdrawal of support (separate Statements of Direction for each) – HMC non-ensemble z/VM System Management – Certain TCP/IP devices and daemons – User Class Restructure (UCR) and OVERRIDE utility – Cross System Extensions (CSE) 30 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 31. More on SSI and LGR 31 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 32. z/VM SSI Cluster Multiple CTCs for ISFC-based SSI communications Member 1 Member 2 Shared volumes Member 3 Member 4 Common LAN for guest IP communications (optionally, with shared SAN for guest FCP Non-shared volumes connections) 32 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 33. LGR Background Target Source PUSH with resend Pass 1 Guest Pass 2 Guest address address space Pass 3 space Pass N: quiesced Technique: iterative push with change detection 33 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 34. Safe Guest Relocation ■ Eligibility checks done multiple times throughout the relocation process. ■ Check more than just eligibility to move the virtual machine, but also check is it “safe” to move. – Overrides are available ■ Checks for: – Does virtual machine really have access to all the same resources and functions? – Will moving the virtual machine over commit resources to the point of jeopardizing other workload on the destination system? ■ Pacing logic to minimize impact to other work in more memory constrained environments 34 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 35. Value Perspective: Flexibility for Planned Outages ■ The good news is workload running on z/VM is becoming more and more critical; the bad news is that brings greater availability challenges. – Maintenance windows for down time get smaller ■ SSI and LGR allow moving work and rolling out service... Workload 1x Workload 1 Workload 2 z/VM System A z/VM System B Workload 1y Workload 1z Workload 3 Workload 4 z/VM System C z/VM System D 35 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 36. Value Perspective: Increased Control Over Server Sprawl ■ Server sprawl and the success of virtualization have led to virtual server sprawl, z/VM SSI Clusters improve the management characteristics for these environments. ■ Consider customer where a single LPAR for production is sufficient today, but they are growing at a significant rate. ■ Move to z/VM 6.2 keeping your individual system, but prepare them to run as multi-member SSI in the future. ■ Various reasons to expand past a single LPAR: – Risk management: avoiding all eggs in one basket and diversification. – Out growing single LPAR capacity – Flexibility for software licensing ■ Bring in another LPAR and bring up new SSI member. 36 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 37. Value Perspective: Managing Resource Distribution ■ Some customers have or are in processing of exceeding the capacity of a single z/VM system and split work across LPARs ■ Determining how to divide the workloads across LPARs is a challenge, particularly in a dynamic world... z/VM System A z/VM System B ■ With individual z/VM systems, one would need to define new virtual machines on B and remove the definitions on A – Responsibility of ensuring integrity during process is on shoulders of system programmer. ■ With an SSI cluster, one can more easily redistribute the load through static or in many cases with LGR. 37 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 38. SSI Cluster Management – Features for Greater Reliability ■ Cross-checking of configuration details as members join cluster and as resources are used: – SSI membership definition and identity – Consistent definition of shared spool volumes – Compatible virtual network configurations (MAC address ranges, VSwitch definitions) ■ Cluster-wide policing of resource access: – Volume ownership marking to prevent dual use – Coordinated minidisk link checking – Autonomic minidisk cache management – Single logon enforcement ■ Communications failure “locks down” future resource allocations until resolved ■ Comprehensive checking for resource and machine feature compatibility during relocation: – Adjustment of “virtual architecture level” to support customer relocation policy 38 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 39. Summary: z/VM 6.2 – Another Milestone for Virtualization ■ For decades, System z has shown the strength of moving resources to the work that needs it – SSI and LGR add more value by allowing work to move to resources in a non-disruptive manner. ■ SSI clustering takes advantage of hardware and software technology to optimize success – Minimizes the complex system programmer steps required for clustering technology – Low overhead – No specialized hardware. ■ z/VM Live Guest Relocation takes guest mobility technology to the next level – Customers do not have to give up the rich resource control and management features they have come to love with z/VM. ■ In addition to SSI and LGR, z/VM 6.2 includes enhancements for: – Hardware exploitation – Systems management – Network virtualization – Security – Application enablement 39 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 40. References ■ z/VM Home Page: http://www.ibm.com/vm/ ■ z/VM Version 6 Release 2 Resources: http://www.ibm.com/vm/zvm620/ – Includes links to announce letters ■ z/VM Single System Image Overview: http://www.ibm.com/vm/ssi/ ■ Information on service required for z/VM when used managed by Unified Resource Manager: http://www.ibm.com/vm/service/vmrequrm.html 40 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 41. Thanks! Contact Information: John Franciscovich z/VM Development francisj@us.ibm.com +1 607-429-3574 41 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 42. Previously Shipped Functional Enhancements APAR numbers apply to z/VM 6.1 and z/VM 5.4 unless otherwise stated 42 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 43. XRC Timestamps VM64814 and VM64816 ■ CP will sync with STP at IPL and, optionally, obtain time zone and leap seconds from STP – No need to deactivate/activate LPAR ■ Correct time will be placed in all host and guest I/O – CP will monitor STP time signals ■ Enabled via SYSTEM CONFIG with option to skip timestamp or delay I/O if CP is unable to sync with STP ■ No virtualization of STP – Option for 2nd level systems to stamp I/O without use of STP 43 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 44. Hyperswap Improvements VM64815 and VM64816 ■ CP HYPERSWAP command now has additional controls for missing interrupt handling – Do not trigger automatic quiesce (default) • GDPS will not be notified – Trigger automatic quiesce after specified number of MI detection intervals • GDPS will be notified ■ Better management of PAV and HyperPAV devices ■ Avoid unnecessary hyperswaps due to normal maintenance activities – Concurrent storage controller upgrade ■ New wait state 9060 if abend occurs when Hyperswap is in progress – no checkpoint taken, no automatic dump – restart dump if dedicated dump volume, else standalone dump 44 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 45. SSL Server Reliability and Scalability PK97437, PK97438, PK75662 ■ Major rewrite ■ Multiple SSL servers with ‘resume’ cache manager and shared database – Can balance total number of sessions against number of sessions per server ■ Significant performance improvements – Interactive workloads such as telnet – Session establishment costs, particularly during mass ‘reconnect’ ■ Updates to TCP/IP stack, as well ■ Migration required – http://www.vm.ibm.com/related/tcpip/tcsslspe.html 45 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 46. CPU Measurement Facility Counters – Host Support VM64961 ■ Sets of counters for each logical processor that count events such as cycle, instruction, and cache directory-write counts – Same COUNTER information as z/OS partitions ■ Accumulation is a relatively low-overhead activity and is performed automatically by the machine when the counters are authorized, enabled, and activated ■ Authorization controlled by a logical partition’s Security settings in its activation profile ■ Enablement, activation, and data collection controlled by z/VM MONITOR command 46 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 47. zEnterprise Unified Resource Manager VM64822, VM64904, VM64917, VM64956, VM64957 ■ z/VM V6 only ■ Turnkey installation option to enable virtual server management via zEnterprise Unified Resource Manager (z/VM V6.2 only) ■ Enables Unified Resource Manager to perform system and virtual server management tasks – Virtual server configuration – Disk storage management – Virtual network management – Performance monitoring ■ CP, CMS, LE, TCP/IP, DIRMAINT, Performance Toolkit, HCD ■ http://www.vm.ibm.com/service/vmrequrm.html 47 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 48. zEnterprise Unified Resource Manager Ensemble Membership ■ If configured to participate in an ensemble, z/VM will automatically join the ensemble at IPL ■ Configuration tasks – Set up OSM and OSX channel paths – Set up controllers for IEDN and INMN networks • Pre-defined controllers DTCENS1 and DTCENS2 for exclusive use by ensemble networks • DTCENS1 automatically creates a VSWITCH to provide SMAPI connectivity to INMN network – Configure directory manager (REQUIRED) – Configure SMAPI servers ■ See chapter "Configuring z/VM for an Ensemble" in CP Planning and Administration manual 48 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 49. Statements of Direction Subject to change or withdrawal without notice, representing IBM goals and objectives only. Note for withdrawals: Unless otherwise stated, it is IBM's intent that z/VM V6.2 will be the last release of z/VM to support the indicated function. 49 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 50. HiperSocket VSWITCH Integration with zEnterprise IEDN z/VM Statement of Direction: New function ■ Virtual Switch bridge between Ethernet LAN and HiperSockets –zEnterprise IEDN (OSX) connections –Guests can use simulated OSA or dedicated HiperSockets –VLAN aware –One HiperSocket chpid only ■ Full redundancy –Up to 5 bridges per CEC –One bridge per LPAR –Automatic takeover –Optionally designate one “primary” • Primary will perform “takeback” when it comes up –Each bridge can have more than one OSA uplink 50 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 51. HiperSocket VSWITCH Integration with zEnterprise IEDN z/VM Statement of Direction: New function LP1 LP2 LP3 LP4 LP5 HiperSocket chpid OSX OSX OSX OSX OSX OSX IEDN Blades zBX ● z/VM guest only ● Same or different LPAR ● Built-in failover and failback ● One active bridge per CEC ● Special IOCP definition will be required ● PMTU simulation 51 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 52. HiperSockets Completion Queues z/VM Statement of Direction: New function ■ Transfer HiperSockets messages asynchronously ■ Used whenever traditional synchronous queues are full ■ Automatic enablement; no z/VM configuration required ■ Helpful when traffic is “bursty” ■ Exploitation by CP VSWITCH only; no guest simulation 52 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 53. High Performance FICON z/VM Statement of Direction: New function ■ Enable guests to use High Performance FICON for System z (zHPF) – Different I/O model – Single and multiple track I/O ■ Requires host and control unit compatibility – Consult a storage specialist for details ■ z/OS and Linux provide exploitation 53 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 54. IBM Performance Toolkit for VM: RMFPMS agent z/VM Statement of Direction: Stabilize existing function ■ Performance Toolkit processing of the output from Linux rmfpms agent, part of the z/OS RMF PM offering, will no longer be updated ■ Performance Toolkit may give incorrect results as the underlying rmfpms agent evolves ■ Support for the Linux rmfpms agent has already been withdrawn, but continues to be available on an as-is basis 54 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 55. HMC non-ensemble z/VM System Management z/VM Statement of Direction: Withdrawal of existing function ■ z/VM V6.2 is the last release of z/VM that will be supported by the non-ensemble z/VM System Management functions of the System z10, z196 and z114 ■ z/VM virtual server management will continue to be supported using the zEnterprise Unified Resource Manager on the z196 and later 55 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 56. TCP/IP Devices and Daemons z/VM Statement of Direction: Withdrawal ■ A220 HYPERchannel devices ■ CLAW devices ■ DHCP daemon ■ LPSERVE (LPD) – RSCS LPD will continue to be provided at no charge – Does not affect LPR 56 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 57. User Class Restructure and OVERRIDE utility z/VM Statement of Direction: Withdrawal ■ User Class Restructure (UCR) was first introduced in VM/SP Release 6 to allow changes to the privilege classes associated with CP commands and DIAGNOSE subcodes. ■ OVERRIDE utility was a “compiler” used to create special UCR-type files in the spool ■ Function was replaced by MODIFY COMMAND capability in VM/ESA – Use the CP MODIFY COMMAND command or SYSTEM CONFIG statement 57 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 58. Cross System Extensions (CSE) z/VM Statement of Direction: Withdrawal ■ The z/VM Single System Image (VMSSI) feature replaces the functions provided by CSE: – Logon once in the cluster, with exceptions – Cross-system MESSAGE and QUERY commands – Cross-system LINK (XLINK) – Shared spool – Shared source directory ■ VMSSI brings additional value such as autonomic minidisk cache management and a single point of maintenance 58 © 2011 IBM Corporation
  • 59. Support for GDPS/PPRC 3.8 z/VM Statement of Direction: New function ■ Disk subsystem preemptive HyperSwap – Storage controllers will notify host when failure is predicted – HyperSwap before I/O errors are generated ■ HyperSwap scalability – Summary “PPRC Suspend” event notification by storage controller – Avoid separate notification for each disk ■ Future z/VM release support for an alternate subchannel set to place PPRC secondary devices 59 © 2011 IBM Corporation