Abstract— Security as far as transport turn out to be critical as there is huge increment in offers of vehicles all over the place. Each auto maker progressively discovering approaches to consume their business created by repairs. However a large portion of the most well-known repairs can without much of a stretch be stayed away from if proprietors had given careful consideration to the preventive upkeep prerequisites. Getting stranded in the remote region because of vehicle repair is experienced by practically everybody anytime of time. These can be forestalled or getting overhauled at a similar spot is the objective of our vehicle item. The real segments we are utilizing are Thermistor, fuel sensor, Ultrasonic sensor connected with flag molding circuit which is associated with microchip. Motor overheating can be determined to have temperature sensor, fuel level analyzed by fuel sensor and uneven tire is analyzed by utilizing ultrasonic sensor. These sensors will be valuable for keeping the support shortcomings. Keywords— Arduino UNO, Fault Detection, Fuel Sensor, Thermistor, Ultrasonic Sensor.

1. S. Praveen Kumar et al., International Journal of Advanced Research in Innovative Discoveries in Engineering and
Applications[IJARIDEA]
Vol.2, Issue 2,27 April 2017, pg. 29-38
© 2017, IJARIDEA All Rights Reserved
29
Fault Detection In Vehicles Using Sensors
S. Praveen Kumar1
, N. Pavan Kalyan2
, V.Prasanth3
, G.T.Naga Sai4
¹Assistant professor (ECE), SRM University, Chennai, India
2,3,4
ECE Department, SRM University, Chennai, India
praveenkumar.se@ktr.srmuniv.ac.in1
, pa1kalyan.n@gmail.com2
, vankadariprasanth7@gmail.com3
,
gtnsai@gmail.com4
Abstract— Security as far as transport turn out to be critical as there is huge increment in offers of vehicles
all over the place. Each auto maker progressively discovering approaches to consume their business created
by repairs. However a large portion of the most well-known repairs can without much of a stretch be stayed
away from if proprietors had given careful consideration to the preventive upkeep prerequisites. Getting
stranded in the remote region because of vehicle repair is experienced by practically everybody anytime of
time. These can be forestalled or getting overhauled at a similar spot is the objective of our vehicle item. The
real segments we are utilizing are Thermistor, fuel sensor, Ultrasonic sensor connected with flag molding
circuit which is associated with microchip. Motor overheating can be determined to have temperature sensor,
fuel level analyzed by fuel sensor and uneven tire is analyzed by utilizing ultrasonic sensor. These sensors
will be valuable for keeping the support shortcomings.
Keywords— Arduino UNO, Fault Detection, Fuel Sensor, Thermistor, Ultrasonic Sensor.
I. INTRODUCTION
In the present day everybody are running behind speed all need to start things out. In such
landscapes mishaps are Increasing. Day by day new vehicles are being included the Street.
This additionally builds measure of mishap. It appears like that there won't be a day without
street mischances. Numerous advancements are being implemented to lessen mischances yet
none of them have possessed the capacity to stop them totally, yet they are just ready to
diminishing them to a degree. The expressway relationship in Europe and America has been
wanting to execute a few gadgets in vehicles which would shield the enthusiasm of travelers.
The vehicles are outfitted with air packs, antilock breaking framework and numerous such
things. With a specific end goal to do any examination on the crash there is a requirement for
the learning of genuine reason for the Accident. The mishaps may happen because of the
oversight of Other or issue in the working of the vehicle, for example, Brake disappointment
or fire mischances.
The by and by accessible components which are consolidated into vehicles are GPS
following and mapping. The European Union and U.S, Government are wanting to fuse
certain information recorders into vehicles which would record the vehicle parameters.
Presently in this venture we can show the qualities like the temperature of the motor, fuel
spillage and the state of the Tire in the show gadget. This data may have a noteworthy impact
in lessening of mischance.
II. OVERVIEW OF THE PROPOSED SCHEME
Our paper portrays about the FAULT DETECTION IN VEHICLES USING SENSORS.
We are utilizing AURDINO UNO microcontroller in our venture. At the point when the
framework is exchanged on, LED will be ON demonstrating that power is provided to the
circuit. At the point when the sensors that we are utilizing as a part of our venture sense any

2. S. Praveen Kumar et al., International Journal of Advanced Research in Innovative Discoveries in Engineering and
Applications[IJARIDEA]
Vol.2, Issue 2,27 April 2017, pg. 29-38
© 2017, IJARIDEA All Rights Reserved
30
progressions, they send hinder to microcontroller. To identify the temperature of the motor
we require the temperature sensor. This temperature sensor is put on the motor with the goal
that it can detect the temperature of the motor. The temperature sensor sends the signs to the
flag molding circuit. This flag molding circuit enhances the flag quality so that the flag can
coordinate the necessities of the small scale controller. The flag from the flag molding circuit
is sent to the arduino Uno microcontroller. To recognize the tire state of the vehicle we
require the ultrasonic sensor. This ultrasonic sensor is put over the tire implies it is appended
to the auto so it can detect the separation between the tire and the sensor. This ultrasonic
sensor sends the signs to the flag molding circuit. This flag molding circuit increases the flag
quality so that the flag can coordinate the necessities of the miniaturized scale controller. The
flag from the flag molding circuit is sent to the arduino Uno microcontroller. To distinguish
the fuel spillage of the motor we are utilizing the water level sensor. This sensor is put on all
the conceivable territories of fuel spillage. This sensor detects the fuel. At whatever point it
detects the fuel sends the signs to the flag molding circuit. This flag molding circuit opens up
the flag quality so that the flag can coordinate the prerequisites of the miniaturized scale
controller. This data will be sent to a RF module. The information will be sent to show gadget
through RS232 link. We will show the qualities utilizing Microsoft visual fundamental studio.
III.COMPONENTS
A. Arduino UNO:
Arduino/Genuino Uno is a microcontroller board in view of the ATmega328P. It has 14
advanced info/yield pins (of which 6 can be utilized as PWM yields), 6 simple data sources, a
16 MHz quartz precious stone, a USB association, a power jack, an ICSP header and a reset
catch. It contains everything expected to bolster the microcontroller; just associate it to a PC
with a USB link or power it with an AC-to-DC connector or battery to begin. You can tinker
with your UNO without stressing excessively over accomplishing something incorrectly,
most dire outcome imaginable you can swap the chip for a couple of dollars and begin once
again once more.
"Uno" implies one in Italian and was denoted the arrival of Arduino Software (IDE) 1.0.
The Uno board and form 1.0 of Arduino Software (IDE) were the reference renditions of
Arduino, now advanced to more up to date discharges. The Uno board is the first in a
progression of USB Arduino sheets, and the reference display for the Arduino stage; for a
broad rundown of present, past or obsolete sheets see the Arduino file of sheets.
The Arduino/Genuino Uno can be modified with the (Arduino Software (IDE)). Select
"Arduino/Genuino Uno from the Tools > Board menu The ATmega328 on the
Arduino/Genuino Uno comes prearranged with a boot loader that permits you to transfer new
code to it without the utilization of an outer equipment software engineer. It imparts utilizing
the first STK500 convention (reference, C header files).One can likewise sidestep the boot
loader and program the microcontroller through the ICSP (In-Circuit Serial Programming)
header utilizing Arduino ISP or comparable; see these directions for points of interest. The
ATmega16U2 (or 8U2 in the rev1 and rev2 sheets) firmware source code is accessible in the
Arduino archive. The ATmega16U2/8U2 is stacked with a DFU boot loader, which can be
actuated by: On Rev1 sheets: associating the weld jumper on the back of the board (close to
the guide of Italy) and after that resetting the 8U2.On Rev2 or later sheets: there is a resistor
that pulling the 8U2/16U2 HWB line to ground, making it simpler to put into DFU mode.
One can then utilize Atmel's FLIP programming (Windows) or the DFU software engineer
(Mac OS X and Linux) to stack another firmware. Or, then again you can utilize the ISP
header with an outside developer (overwriting the DFU boot loader).

3. S. Praveen Kumar et al., International Journal of Advanced Research in Innovative Discoveries in Engineering and
Applications[IJARIDEA]
Vol.2, Issue 2,27 April 2017, pg. 29-38
© 2017, IJARIDEA All Rights Reserved
31
B. Thermistor:
A thermistor is an earthenware semiconductor which displays a Extensive change in
resistance with an adjustment in its body temperature. The word thermistor is really a
compression of the words "Warm RESISTOR". In spite of the fact that there are both positive
coefficient (PTC) and negative coefficient (NTC) are accessible, for our application we
utilize negative coefficient (NTC) sort thermistor. We utilize this thermistor to quantify
transformer temperature which never crosses more than 150øC. We can utilize this thermistor
for our application.
We utilize this thermistor to quantify transformer temperature which never crosses more
than 150øC. We can utilize this thermistor for our application.
C. Ultrasonic Sensor:
This is the HC-SR04 ultrasonic running sensor. This prudent sensor gives 2cm to 400cm of
non-contact estimation usefulness with an extending precision that can reach up to 3mm.
Each HC-SR04 module incorporates a ultrasonic transmitter, a collector and a control circuit.
There are just four sticks that you have to stress over on the HC-SR04: VCC (Power), Trig
(Trigger), Echo (Receive), and GND (Ground). You will discover this sensor simple to set up.
Highlights:
• Operating Voltage: 5V DC
• Operating Current: 15mA
• Measure Angle: 15°
• Ranging Distance: 2cm - 4m
D. Fuel Sensor
Water Sensor is an Easy to utilize, reduced and lightweight, high cost of water , beads ID
and identification sensors. This sensor is working The standard is to quantify the span of the
follow measure of water beads through the line with a progression of parallel wires
uncovered. What's more, household and remote Products thought about not just little , intense,
and cunningly outlined with the accompanying elements : First, the measure of water to
recreate Conversion ; Second, pliancy , in view of the sensor yield simple qualities ; Third,
low power utilization , high affectability ; Fourth, can Directly associated with a microchip or
other rationale hardware , and the controller board for an assortment of , for instance :
Arduino Controller , STC microcontroller , AVR microcontroller et cetera.
Highlights:
• Operating Voltage: 35V DC
• Operating Current: under 35mA
• Type: Analog Sensor
• Testing Area: 40mm*30mm
E. RF module
The RF TX-434 and RF RX-434 are to a great degree little, and are superb for applications
requiring short-extend RF remote controls. The transmitter module is just 1/3 the measure of
a standard postage stamp, and can without much of a stretch be set inside a little plastic nook.
The transmitter yield is dependent upon 8mW at 433.92MHz with a scope of roughly 100
foot (open territory) outside. Inside, the range is roughly 50 foot, and will experience
generally walls.
The TWS-434 transmitter acknowledges both straight and advanced sources of info, can
work from 1.5 to 12 Volts-DC, and makes constructing a smaller than normal hand-held RF
transmitter simple. The TWS-434 is around the span of a standard postage stamp. [7]

4. S. Praveen Kumar et al., International Journal of Advanced Research in Innovative Discoveries in Engineering and
Applications[IJARIDEA]
Vol.2, Issue 2,27 April 2017, pg. 29-38
© 2017, IJARIDEA All Rights Reserved
32
proposed a principle in which another NN yield input control law was created for an under
incited quad rotor UAV which uses the regular limitations of the under incited framework to
create virtual control contributions to ensure the UAV tracks a craved direction. Utilizing the
versatile back venturing method, every one of the six DOF are effectively followed utilizing
just four control inputs while within the sight of un demonstrated flow and limited unsettling
influences.
The collector likewise works at 433.92MHz, and has an affectability of 3uV. The RWS-
434 recipient works from 4.5 to 5.5 volts-DC, and has both straight and advanced yields.
IV.BLOCK DIAGRAM
Fig.1. Block Diagram of Project
V. CIRCUIT DIAGRAMS
A. Arduino Board:
Fig.2. Circuit Board of Arduino UNO

5. S. Praveen Kumar et al., International Journal of Advanced Research in Innovative Discoveries in Engineering and
Applications[IJARIDEA]
Vol.2, Issue 2,27 April 2017, pg. 29-38
© 2017, IJARIDEA All Rights Reserved
33
B. Ultrasonic Sensor:
Fig.3. Circuit of Ultrasonic Sensor
C. Thermistor:
Fig.4. Circuit of Thermistor
D. Fuel Sensor:
Fig.5. Circuit of Fuel Sensor
E. RF Module:
RF Transmitter:
Fig.6. Circuit of RF Transmitter

6. S. Praveen Kumar et al., International Journal of Advanced Research in Innovative Discoveries in Engineering and
Applications[IJARIDEA]
Vol.2, Issue 2,27 April 2017, pg. 29-38
© 2017, IJARIDEA All Rights Reserved
34
RF Receiver:
Fig.7. Circuit of RF Receiver
VI.FLOW CHART
A. Flow chart of the algorithm for Thermistor and Fuel Sensor:
Fig.8. Flow Chart for Thermistor and Fuel Sensor

7. S. Praveen Kumar et al., International Journal of Advanced Research in Innovative Discoveries in Engineering and
Applications[IJARIDEA]
Vol.2, Issue 2,27 April 2017, pg. 29-38
© 2017, IJARIDEA All Rights Reserved
35
B. Flow chart of the algorithm for Ultrasonic Sensor:
Fig.9. Flow Chart for Ultrasonic Sensor
C. Flow chart of the algorithm for Visual Basic Studio:
No No No
Yes Yes Yes
Start
Read the values from
comport
Calibrate according to actual
value
Separate the values of sensors
If
temp
>set
If dis
> set
If
fuel
==1
Temp is
normal
Temp is high
Tyre is normal
Flat tyre
Fuel is not
leaking
Fuel is leaking
Fig.10. Flow chart of the algorithm for Visual Basic Studio

8. S. Praveen Kumar et al., International Journal of Advanced Research in Innovative Discoveries in Engineering and
Applications[IJARIDEA]
Vol.2, Issue 2,27 April 2017, pg. 29-38
© 2017, IJARIDEA All Rights Reserved
36
VII. INTERFACE
A. Interfacing of Thermistor:
To recognize the temperature of the motor we require the thermistor. This thermistor is put
on the motor with the goal that it can detect the temperature of the motor. The temperature
sensor sends the signs to the flag molding circuit. This flag molding circuit opens up the flag
quality so that the flag can coordinate the necessities of the smaller scale controller. The flag
from the flag molding circuit is sent to the arduino Uno microcontroller. The qualities are
sent to the transmitter and afterward to the recipient with the goal that it can show them in the
show gadget. In the show it will show "Motor warmth is high" or "Motor warmth is low".
B. Interfacing of Fuel Sensor:
To recognize the fuel spillage of the motor we are utilizing the water level sensor. This
sensor is put on all the conceivable zones of fuel spillage. This sensor detects the fuel. At
whatever point it detects the fuel sends the signs to the flag molding circuit. This flag
molding circuit increases the flag quality so that the flag can coordinate the necessities of the
smaller scale controller. The flag from the flag molding circuit is sent to the arduino Uno
microcontroller. The qualities are sent to the transmitter and afterward to the beneficiary with
the goal that it can show them in the show gadget.
In the show it will show "Fuel is spilling" or "Fuel is not spilling".
C. Interfacing of Ultrasonic Sensor:
To identify the tire state of the vehicle we require the ultrasonic sensor. This ultrasonic
sensor is put over the tire implies it is joined to the auto with the goal that it can detect the
separation between the tire and the sensor. This ultrasonic sensor sends the signs to the flag
molding circuit. This flag molding circuit opens up the flag quality so that the flag can
coordinate the prerequisites of the small scale controller. The flag from the flag molding
circuit is sent to the arduino Uno microcontroller. The qualities are sent to the transmitter and
afterward to the recipient with the goal that it can show them in the show gadget. In the show
it will show "Tire ordinary " or "Tire cut".
Presently every one of the qualities are sent to the show gadget utilizing RF module. Every
one of the qualities are shown by utilizing Microsoft visual studio.
Fig.11. Project proto type
D. Formulas :
For thermistor:
Vd = {V/(R1+R2)}*R2

9. S. Praveen Kumar et al., International Journal of Advanced Research in Innovative Discoveries in Engineering and
Applications[IJARIDEA]
Vol.2, Issue 2,27 April 2017, pg. 29-38
© 2017, IJARIDEA All Rights Reserved
37
Where R1 is fixed resistor of 4.7 Kilo Ohms
R2 is Thermistor
Where V1 is potential across at R1
Vd is potential across R2
VIII. RESULT
Fig.11. Obtained Result
IX.CONCLUSION
A working model of FAULT DETECTION IN VEHICLES USING SENSORS framework
utilizing an Arduino uno and sensors has been executed effectively. The greatest favorable
position of our examination is, at whatever point the sensor is initiated we will be quickly
getting the affirmation immediately. This framework finds the blame in vehicle precisely.
Therefore, it will spare the valuable time required to discover the blame in vehicles. Advance
we can enhance this venture by executing IOT idea.
BIOGRAPHY
S.Praveen Kumar
Designation: Assistant Professor (OG)
Mail: praveenkumar.se@ktr.srmuniv.ac.in
Affiliation: Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering,
SRM University, Kattankulathur - 603203
Vankadari prasanth
Mail: prasanthvankadari96@gmail.com
Affiliation: Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering,
SRM University, Kattankulathur - 603203
G. Tirumala naga sai
Mail: saigottumukkala@gmail.com
Affiliation: Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering,
SRM University, Kattankulathur - 603203

10. S. Praveen Kumar et al., International Journal of Advanced Research in Innovative Discoveries in Engineering and
Applications[IJARIDEA]
Vol.2, Issue 2,27 April 2017, pg. 29-38
© 2017, IJARIDEA All Rights Reserved
38
N. Pavan kalyan
Mail: pa1kalyan.nagendla@gmail.com
Affiliation: Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering,
SRM University, Kattankulathur - 603203
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