Iks d73-teachers handbook-v12

Teacher
www.iks-project.eu

Handbook
Deliverable: 7.3 – Curriculum and training material for university teaching
Delivery Date: 29.02.2012
e
Author(s): Benjamin Nagel, Fabian Christ, Gregor Engels, Stefan Sauer
Filename: iks-d73-teachers_handbook.doc
Publication Level: Public
Web link: http://www.iks-project.eu/iks-story/documentation

Interactive Knowledge Stack for Semantic
Content Management Systems

Copyright
Notice
This document contains material, which is the copyright of certain IKS consor-
tium parties, and may not be reproduced or copied without permission. The
commercial use of any information contained in this document may require a
license from the proprietor of that information. Neither the IKS consortium as a
whole, nor a certain party of the IKS consortium warrant that the information
contained in this document is capable of use, nor that use of the information is
free from risk, and accepts no liability for loss or damage suffered by any per-
son using this information.

Neither the European Commission, nor any person acting on behalf of the
Commission, is responsible for any use which might be made of the information
in this document.

The views expressed in this document are those of the authors and do not nec-
essarily reflect the policies of the European Commission.

IKS is co-funded by the European
Union and develops technology for
intelligent content management

Table of Contents
Document Information ......................................................................................................... 3
IKS in a Nutshell ................................................................................................................... 4
1 Introduction ................................................................................................................. 4
2 What is the Training Material about? ......................................................................... 5
3 Curriculum ................................................................................................................... 7
4 Training Material ......................................................................................................... 9
4.1 Overview about IKS Lectures ............................................................................. 10
4.2 Lecture Descriptions .......................................................................................... 12

Document History

Version Name Date Remark
0.1 Benjamin Nagel 12.12.2011 Initial version
0.2 Benjamin Nagel 09.01.2012 Setup structure
0.3 Benjamin Nagel 25.01.2012 Added Lesson descriptions
0.4 Benjamin Nagel 31.01.2012 Added sections 1,2
0.7 Benjamin Nagel 01.02.2012 Revision
1.0 Benjamin Nagel 08.02.2012 QA-ready version
1.1 Benjamin Nagel 22.02.2012 Extended due to QA feedback
1.2 Benjamin Nagel 10.10.2012 Updated regarding new/updates lectures

Document Information
Item Value
Identifier IKS-231527-Deliverable7.3-2012
Author(s): Benjamin Nagel, Stefan Sauer, Gregor Engels (University of Paderborn)
Document title: IKS Deliverable – 7.3 Report:
Curriculum and training material for university teaching
Source Filename: iks-d73-teachers_handbook.doc
Actual Distribution level Public
Document context information
Project (Title/Number) Interactive Knowledge FP7 231527
Work package / Task WP7 / T7.3
Responsible person and pro- Benjamin Nagel,
ject partner: s-lab, University of Paderborn
Quality Assurance / Review
Name / QA / Release / Com- Wernher Behrendt (SRFG)
ment Wolfgang Maass (USAAR)
Citation information
Official citation Benjamin Nagel, Gregor Engels, Stefan Sauer, 2012: IKS Deliverable. D7.3
Report:
Curriculum and training material for university teaching

IKS in a Nutshell
“Interactive Knowledge Stack” (IKS) is an integrating project targeting small to medium Con-
tent Management Systems (CMS) providers in Europe providing technology platforms for
content and knowledge management to thousands of end user organizations. Current CMS
technology platforms lack the capability for semantic web enabled, intelligent content, and
therefore lack the capacity for users to interact with the content at the user’s knowledge level.
The objective of IKS therefore, is to bring semantic capabilities to current CMS frameworks.
IKS puts forward the “Semantic CMS Technology Stack” which merges the advances in se-
mantic web infrastructure and services with CMS industry needs of coherent architectures
that fit into existing technology landscapes. IKS will provide the specifications and at least
one Open Source Reference Implementation of the full IKS Stack. To validate the IKS Stack
prototype solutions for industrial use cases ranging from ambient intelligence infotainment,
project management and controlling to an online holiday booking system will be developed.

1 Introduction
The main idea behind this deliverable is to aggregate the results that have been achieved in
the IKS project, resulting in a set of training material for university teaching. This training ma-
terial consists of slide sets introducing and explaining relevant topics, demos showing con-
crete application examples for the imparted contents and exercises that can be performed in
order to apply and deepen the gained knowledge. The objective of this teacher handbook is
to provide an overview about the teaching material that has been created.
In order to make the training material applicable in daily academic work in universities, the
lectures are designed to be used in two different ways. The set of materials can be used as a
consistent, "out-of-the-box" curriculum as shown in the next section. For this purpose, the
lectures can be used in the defined order.
Since in some cases, only selected topics are relevant and should be used in an existing
course, the material has a modular structure. Single lectures can be integrated in an existing
curriculum. In order to ease the integration previous knowledge and requirements are de-
fined for each lecture.

2 What is the Training Material about?
The training material includes the main scientific finding of the IKS project described on an
appropriate level of abstraction. In order to make these results usable in a course on univer-
sity level, we also provide foundational lectures. These foundations are not an actual out-
come of IKS but are required to make the more sophisticated content understandable to
students. We identified four main topics that are relevant. These topics have been identified
and refined as indicated in the mind map illustrated in Figure 1.
Motivation
Why do we need content
Semantics
management?
What are „semantics“ and what is
their role in computer science?
Terminology Content and
What are we talking about?
Relevant terms and their
Knowledge The Vision
meanings. Management The Semantic What is the idea behind the
Web Semantic Web? Tim Berners-Lee
Shortcomings vision and state-of-the-art.
What are the shortcomings
of „traditional“ CMS? Semantic Web Layer Cake
What are the underlying
technologies of the Semantic
Web?

Requirements
Engineering for semantic
CMS Semantic Content Storing and Accessing
How can requirements for Semantic Data
semantic CMS be elicitated Management How can semantic data
and specified in a Systems (knowledge) be stored and
systematic way? accessed in an efficient way?
Reference Architecture
How does an architecture Semantic Lifting
of semantic CMS look like How can semantic information be
and how can it be derived? extracted from content?
Semantic Content
How does an appropriate
reference architecture Management Knowledge Representation and
looks like? Reasoning
Methodologies How can knowledge be described
for Developing in a machine-readable way?
Semantifying your CMS
How can an exisiting Semantic CMS
„traditional“ CMS be Knowledge Interaction and
semantified? Presentation
In which way is semantically
enhanced content changing the
Designing interactive
way we are creating/querying/
ubiquitous IS
consuing and interacting content?
How can interactive
knowledge-supported
ubiquitous IS be designed?
Case Study on an
intelligent bathroom.

Figure 1:Mind map of relevant topics for training material

The overall topic of the course is termed "Semantic Content Management Systems". The first
foundational topic is Content and Knowledge Management in general. Hereby, the need
for CMS and KMS is motivated and relevant terms are introduced. The shortcomings of "tra-
ditional" CMS are pointed out and discussed.

The second foundational topic deals with the Semantic Web. Semantics are introduced as a
concept in computer science. Based on this, Tim Berners-Lees vision of "The Semantic
Web" is explained and the underlying technological foundations are introduced. As the archi-
tectural backbone of the Semantic Web, the Semantic Web Layer Cake is introduced and the
relevance of the different languages is discussed.

Applying these foundations, four levels of Semantic Content Management that are in the
focus of the IKS project are addressed. According to the four layers of the IKS Stack, we de-
scribe the "Storing and Accessing of Semantic Data", i.e. the way meta data (knowledge) is
stored and queried. Standards and techniques for the extraction of semantic data from con-
tent (semantic lifting) are explicated and the design of complex knowledge domains and rea-
soning about it is introduced. Finally, the presentation of knowledge to the user and a new
way on interacting with content are described.

Beside the specification of semantic content, an important focus of the IKS project is the in-
vestigation of Methodologies for Developing Semantic CMS. A requirements elicitation
process for semantic CMS is taught as well as a reference architecture that can be used to
build a semantic CMS from scratch or to conceptually semantify a "traditional" CMS. The ac-
tual extension of traditional CMS, e.g. by IKS services is also explained. Extending the usual
understanding of CMS as software systems, we introduce a case study of an intelligent bath-
room. Using this case study, a design methodology for knowledge-supported ubiquitous in-
formation systems is presented.

The curriculum is depicted in Figure 2.

Part I: Foundations

(1) Introduction of Content Foundations of Semantic
(2)
Management Web Technologies

Part II: Semantic Content Part III: Methodologies
Management

Knowledge Interaction Requirements Engineering
(3) (7)
and Presentation for Semantic CMS

(4) Knowledge Representation
and Reasoning
(8)
Designing
Semantic CMS

Semantifying
(5) Semantic Lifting (9) your CMS

Storing and Accessing Designing Interactive
(6) Semantic Data
(10) Ubiquitous IS

Figure 2: Curriculum of IKS training material

3 Curriculum
In order to make the training material usable as a “stand-alone” course, a curriculum is de-
fined. In this curriculum, an order for the different lectures is set. Addressing the identified
topics illustrated above, the curriculum is structured as follows:

Course Overview & Introduction introduces the presenter, provides organizational details
and gives an overview about the course structure. The slides are very generic to be adapt-
able to the actual course that is given. In order to introduce the main ideas of the project, a
slideset about the IKS project is provided.

Foundations aim for imparting the required foundations for the following lectures. The sec-
tion introduces content management in general by motivating the need of CMS and gives an
overview about relevant terms in this domain. Identified shortcomings of "traditional" CMS
are pointed out. The vision of the Semantic Web is introduced and the underlying technolo-
gies are explained. Basic languages like RDF and OWL are introduced as a foundation for
the application of these technologies in the domain of semantic content management.

Semantic Content Management presents different application areas for semantic technolo-
gies in the field of content management. Starting with storing and accessing semantic data,
approaches for semantic lifting and the ontology languages for the representation of knowl-
edge are explained. Finally, semantic based interaction with content and the appropriate
presentation of content is addressed.

Methodologies for Developing Semantic CMS gives an overview about challenges and
best practices for building semantic CMS from the software engineering perspective. This in-
cludes the requirements engineering for semantic CMS, requirements for the architecture of
such systems and a systematic approach for semantifying a “traditional” CMS with semantic
capabilities is explained. A design methodology for ubiquitous information systems is intro-
duced.

The resulting lectures for the different topics are listed in the following.

Course Overview & Introduction

Welcome, Organization and Overview - General overview about the topics ad-
dressed in this course
Interactive Knowledge - The IKS Vision behind the project and current state-of-play

Part I: Foundations

Lecture 1 - Content Management - Efficient ways for working with unstructured con-
tent
Lecture 2 - The Semantic Web - The vision of the Semantic Web and underlying
technologies

Part II: Semantic Content Management

Lecture 3 - Semantic Based Interaction and Presentation of Content - Interaction
with content on the level of the user’s knowledge
Lecture 4 - Design of Ontology and their Usage for Building Semantic Applica-
tions - Knowledge design and current-state of using an ontology in semantic content
management
Lecture 5 - Extracting Semantic Information from Content (Semantic Lifting) -
Semantic reengineering of structured content and semantic enhancement
Lecture 6 - Storing and Accessing Semantic Data - Storing formats and querying
approaches for semantic data

Part III: Methodologies for Developing Semantic CMS

Lecture 7 - Requirements Engineering for Semantic CMS - Elicitation and specifi-
cation of requirements for semantic CMS
Lecture 8 - Designing Semantic CMS - Designing semantic CMS from scratch or
conceptually enhance a CMS with semantic capabilities
Lecture 9 - Semantifying your CMS - Integrate semantic services to a "traditional"
CMS
Lecture 10 - Designing Interactive Ubiquitous IS - A methodology for the design of
interactive knowledge-supported Ubiquitous Information Systems (UIS)

4 Training Material
In this section, an overview about the provided training material is given. The following table
shows all topics and the different types of training material that are available for this topic.
Basically, four kinds of material have been created:

SL Short lecture
L Lecture
E Exercise
T Tutorial

In order to ease the integration of lectures into existing courses, the required skill levels for
each lecture are stated. Since the training material (and the IKS project) addresses the per-
spectives of two different research areas 1.) software engineering and 2.) experts in knowl-
edge engineering focusing on IE/IR and semantic technologies. For this purpose, the
required skill level is refined to these two research fields. The levels of the required skills are
measured by a simple metric:

No previous knowledge required.
Basic understanding about the important
terms and their meaning is required.
Advanced knowledge in the domain is re-
quired.
A detailed and deep knowledge about the
concepts is required.

4.1 Overview about IKS Lectures

Required Skill Level
Planned
Topic Description Type Duration IE/IR and
(minutes) Software
Semantic
Engineering
Technologies
The IKS Vision behind the project and current state-
Interactive Knowledge SL 20
of-play

Content Management Efficient ways for working with unstructured content SL 20

The vision of the semantic web and basic technolo-
L 90
gies.
The Semantic Web
Ontology description languages for modelling com-
L 90
plex knowledge domains.

L 90

Knowledge Interaction Interaction with content on the level of the user’s
T 60
and Presentation knowledge.

E 60

Knowledge Represen- Knowledge design and current-state of using ontology
L 120
tation and Reasoning in semantic content management.

L 90
Semantic reengineering of structured content and
Semantic Lifting
semantic enhancement.
E 60

L 90
Storing and Accessing Storing formats and querying approaches for seman-
Semantic Data tic data.
E 60

Requirements Engi- L 90
Elicitation and specification of requirements for se-
neering for Semantic
mantic CMS.
CMS E 60

Designing semantic CMS from scratch or conceptu-
L 90
Designing Semantic ally enhance a CMS with semantic capabilities.
CMS The usage of the architectural style REST to design
L 90
web-based, semantic CMS.

L 90
Semantifying your CMS Integrate semantic services to a "traditional" CMS.
E 60

A methodology for the design of interactive knowl-
Designing Interactive L 2 x 90
edge-supported Ubiquitous Information Systems
Ubiquitous IS
(UIS). E 90

4.2 Lecture Descriptions
In this section, the different lectures are described in more detail. The different contents that
are addressed in the lectures and the required knowledge are explained. Educational objec-
tives that imparted are listed. Additional literature is provided for further reading.

Lecture 1 - Content and Knowledge Management

Title
Content and Knowledge Management

Description
In this module, an overall motivation for CMS/KMS should be given. Furthermore,
general concepts and characteristics of content and knowledge management sys-
tems are introduced. Application areas are described and illustrated by demos of ex-
isting CMS/KMS presenting "traditional" and "semantic" functionalities.

Structure of Contents
Motivating example on content management --> What are the challenges on content
management?
Definition and scoping of relevant terms in the content management domain
Introduce CMS and their ability to face the introduced challenges
Shortcomings of traditional CMS vs. semantic CMS
Actual value of semantic CMS
Present state-of-the-art of content management tools (Link to motivating example)

Previous Knowledge and Requirements
General understanding of information systems
First experiences with content and knowledge management systems would be helpful

Educational Objectives
Imparting of knowledge about theoretical foundations
Introduce the foundations on terms like content, information and knowledge
State-of-the-art in content and knowledge management
Imparting of the practical value of Semantic Content Management
What are the main challenges on the management of content and in which way are
these challenges addressed by semantic functionalities?
Provide an overview about existing CMS/KMS

Organization, Media
Lecture with Powerpoint slides

Literature
Stahl, F., & Maass, W. (2003). Content Management Handbuch. St. Gallen: NetA-
cademy Press

Duration
Number of lectures: 1

Lecture 2 - The Semantic Web

Title
Semantic Web Technologies

Description
In this module, the vision of the Semantic Web is introduced and an overview about
Semantic Web technologies are given. They include a discussion on the semantic
web layer cake, and description of the characteristics and purposes of the main lan-
guages and models such as RDF, OWL, SPARQL, etc. Furthermore, a number of
semantic web applications are shown.

Short history of evolution of the Web
Semantic Web vision and challenges
Semantic Web Layer cake, terminology
Introduction to RDF, OWL
Linked Data and Ontology
State of the art of Semantic Web applications

Basic knowledge on Web protocols and standards such as URI and XML
Basic knowledge in logics and database

Communicating knowledge about the Semantic Web reality
Introducing terminology and the main models and languages
State of the art in semantic web technologies
Communicating the potential practical impact of Semantic Web
Existing applications
Main current challenges

Contents of examination
Interactive exercise: assessment of understanding and knowledge about Semantic
Web state of the art, main languages and models, and main challenges

Organization, Media
Lecture with slides and tool demos (semantic web applications including a number of
IKS demos)

Literature
Christian Bizer, Tom Heath, and Tim Berners-Lee. Linked Data - The Story So Far.
International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems, Vol. 5, Nr. 3 (2009)
, p. 1-22.
Tim Berners-Lee, James Hendler, and Ora Lassila. The Semantic Web. Scientific
American, Vol. 284, Nr. 5 (May 2001) , p. 34-43.

Duration

Lecture 3 - Semantic Based Interaction and Presentation of Content

Title
Knowledge Interaction and Presentation

Description
The lesson will give an overview on current standards and technologies for semantic
based interaction and presentation of content. In the lesson the audience will be
guided through application possibilities and interaction patterns in the context of CMS
systems. The IKS related work in the field will be presented and a short introduction
to IKS tools will be offered in form of tutorials.

Introduction
Semantic Web: Interaction with Content
Standards (RDF, RDFa, JSON-LD, …)
Semantic Interaction Patterns
What are patterns?
List of patterns
Applications and Implementations
Tutorial(s)

Knowledge about basic technologies (HTML5, JavaScript, RDFa)
Basics on CMS workflow

Knowledge about state of the art technologies in the field of interaction with web con-
tent
Techniques for embedding interaction with knowledge content on web application
Ability to work with IKS tool concerning interaction with knowledge and content

See educational objectives

Organization, Media
Lecture with powerpoint slides

Literature
RDFa in XHTML: Syntax and Processing, W3C Recommendation, October 18, 2008,
Ben Adida, Mark Birbeck, Shane McCarron, Steven Pemberton, eds.
RDFa Primer, W3C Working Group Note, October 14, 2008, Ben Adida, Mark Bir-
beck, eds.
RDFa API, W3C Working Draft 19 April 2011, Nathan Rixham, Mark Birbeck, Ivan
Herman
JSON-LD (JavaScript Object Notation for Linked Data) http://json-ld.org/
VIE — Vienna IKS Editables

Duration
Number of exercises: 2

Lecture 4 - Design of Ontologies and their Usage for Building Semantic Appli-
cations

Title
Knowledge Representation and Reasoning

Description
This module focuses on three main aspects: (i) presenting a number of existing on-
tologies such as DOLCE, FOAF, SKOS, and ontology design patterns, (ii) showing
how to design ontologies by reusing existing resources and transforming them, (iii)
showing how to use ontologies in CMS applications e.g for semantic mash-up.

Analysis of existing ontologies and their usage on Linked data
Ontology design patterns
Ontology design based on patterns, and refactoring of ontologies through Semion
rules
Using ontologies for building semantic applications based on IKS.

Knowledge on RDF, OWL2, and ontology editors
Knowledge on SPARQL

Providing students with the capability of designing ontologies, writing transformation
rules, and developing semantic applications for CMS based IKS technologies.

Interactive exercise: assessment of knowledge about popular ontologies, capability to
design an ontology, capability to write transformation rules, knowledge about IKS ser-
vices for managing ontologies and rules.

Organization, Media
Lecture with slides and tool demos (rules, and ontonet related demos)

Literature
Steffen Staab, and Rudi Studer (Eds.). Handbook on Ontologies, 2nd Edition. 2009,
XIX, 811 p. 121 illus.
Valentina Presutti, and Aldo Gangemi. Content Ontology Design Patterns as Practical
Building Blocks for Web Ontologies. In ER, Vol. 5231 Springer (2008), p. 128-141.
Andrea Giovanni Nuzzolese, Aldo Gangemi, Valentina Presutti, and Paolo Ciancarini.
Semion: a smart triplification tool. In Proceedings of the 1st Workshop on Knowledge
Injection into and Extraction from Linked Data (KIELD 2010), CEUR.
IKS deliverables of Task 5.2

Duration

Lecture 5 - Extracting Semantic Information from Content (Semantic Lifting)

Title
Semantic Lifting of Traditional Content Resources

Description
The concept and role of semantic lifting will be explicated with respect to semantic
reengineering of structured content and with respect to semantic enhancements of
content. An overview of standards and technologies will be presented.

Introduction: What is semantic lifting?
Semantic reengineering
Semantic enhancement
Major tasks/requirements and scenarios for semantic lifting
Publishing content with semantic information with focus on web content: Introduction
of standards like microformats and RDFa
Extracting semantic metadata from published content
Technologies for automatic semantic reengineering
Technologies for information extraction and automated semantic enhancements of
textual content

Exercises
1. Metadata Variants
2. Annotated Web Content
3. Reengineering
4. NER Evaluation
5. Lifting Workflow

Knowledge of RDF/OWL as Knowledge Representation Framework
General understanding of the Semantic Web
General knowledge about information systems and CMS

Knowledge of semantic metadata standards on the Web
Knowledge of the use of semantic information on the Web
Overview knowledge of technologies for automatic semantic annotation of content

What is semantic lifting?
What technologies exist for semantic lifting?
Metadata standards for publishing semantic information on the web: Microfor-
mats/RDFa
Use of semantic information on the Web

Organization, Media
Lecture with slides; Stanbol Demos: Metaxa, NER, OpenCalais, …

Literature
Microformats: http://microformats.org/
RDFa: http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-rdfa-primer/
Google Rich Snippets:
http://googlewebmastercentral.blogspot.com/2009/05/introducing-rich-snippets.html
Linked Data: http://linkeddata.org/guides-and-tutorials
Linked Data: Heath and Bizer, Linked Data: Evolving the Web into a Global Data
Space. Morgan & Claypool, 2011. (Online: http://linkeddatabook.com/book)
Information Extraction: Moens, Information Extraction: Algorithms and Prospects in a
Retrieval Context. Springer 2006
Text Mining: Feldman and Sanger, The Text Mining Handbook: Advanced Ap-
proaches in Analyzing Unstructured Data, CUP, 2007

Duration

Lecture 6 - Storing and Accessing Semantic Data

Title
Semantic Data Access

Description
In this lesson, varied methods for semantic data access will be presented. These
methods are mainly composed of accessing semantic data stored in a triple store and
accessing semantic data stored in various places and connected each other through
URI links (linked data). Based on these two main concepts, this lesson introduces tri-
ple stores and some main semantic data formats like RDF and OWL. For querying
semantic data SPARQL query language is also explained in the scope of this lesson.
Furthermore, how custom applications are has been used over linked data or triple
stores will be illustrated.

Introduction to semantic data
Concept definitions about semantic data
Representation of semantic data
Semantic data formats
Querying semantic data
SPARQL query language
Triple stores
Overview about triple stores
Example triple stores and access mechanisms
Linked data
Open Link Data Cloud
Accessing the data in the cloud
Example semantic data applications

Basic Knowledge of RDF

Knowledge about general concepts of semantic data and semantic web
Knowledge about semantic data representation
Know-how on current triples stores and accessing data within them
Knowledge on Linked Data Cloud and ability to query information from the cloud

RDF data access by SPARQL or other formats such as Notation 3

Organization, Media
Demo of Store component of Apache Stanbol
Exercise: Semantic data access using Jena
Exercise: Semantic data access from linked data cloud using SPARQL

Literature
Kevin Wilkinson, Craig Sayers, Harumi A. Kuno, Dave Reynolds: Efficient RDF Stor-
age and Retrieval in Jena2. 131-150, SWDB 2003
BROEKSTRA, J. - KAMPMAN, A. - van HARMELEN, F.: Sesame: A Generic Archi-
tecture for Storing and Querying RDF and RDF Schema. ISWC 2002, LNCS, Volume
2342/2002, pp. 54-68
ONTOLOGY STORAGE AND QUERYING - TECHNICAL REPORT No 308 April
2002. Survey of Ontology querying from ICS-FORTH
(http://139.91.183.30:9090/RDF/publications/tr308.pdf)
SPARQL Tutorial (http://www.slideshare.net/ldodds/sparql-tutorial)

Duration

Lecture 7 - Requirements Engineering for Semantic CMS

Title
Specifying requirements for semantic CMS

Description
In this lesson, requirement elicitation process to enhance any content management
system semantically will be taught. In very high level, main concepts needed to pro-
vide this enhancement are determined as high level requirements and these high
level requirements will be explained with the justification of necessity to provide se-
mantic services on top of content management systems.

Traditional CMS vs Semantic CMS
Requirements specification process
High level requirements:
Architecture and integration
Common vocabulary
Semantic lifting & tagging
Semantic search & semantic query
Reasoning on content items
Links/relations among content items
Workflows
Change management, versions and audit
Multilingualism
Security

General knowledge about content management systems
General knowledge about semantic data
General knowledge about requirement analysis in scope of software engineering

Know-how on requirement elicitation process in a software project
Knowledge on semantic concepts such as semantic lifting, reasoning, etc.

Assessment of comprehension of the requirements of a semantically enabled content
management system

Organization, Media

Literature
Deliverable produced in the scope of Task2.2 of IKS Project

Duration

Lecture 8 - Designing Semantic CMS

Title
Designing Semantic CMS

Description
In this lesson, modelling approaches and architectural concepts for designing seman-
tic CMS are introduced. A conceptual reference architecture for semantic content
management systems is presented. Addressing the domain specific needs of CMS
with respect to the provision of semantic functionalities the different layer of the archi-
tecture are introduced. Using different levels of abstraction, the layers are decom-
posed to modules and components providing capsulated functionality. In addition to
the reference architecture as a solution, methodologies for designing reference archi-
tectures for specific domains. As an architectural style for the design of a web-based,
semantic CMS, the REST architecture and the underlying technologies and concepts
are introduced.

Motivate the need for a reference architecture for semantic CMS. What are the char-
acteristics of semantic CMS that make it necessary or desirable to design such a ref-
erence architecture.
Present high-level functionalities (e.g. semantic lifting, reasoning, ..) and their consid-
eration and integration in different layers of the architecture
Refine layers and provide detailed descriptions of modules and components
Introduce exemplary implementation of the reference architecture (ID|SE project)
What does the REST architecture looks like and what are the basic concepts of a Re-
source Oriented Architecture (ROA)?
Application examples for REST APIs and how they can be used practically.

A detailed knowledge about CMS in general and the characteristics and capabilities
of semantic CMS.
Foundations of software engineering and an understanding of the objectives of soft-
ware architectures in the engineering process
Basic understanding of architecture description languages and the most popular
graphical notations (UML)

Imparting of knowledge about reference architectures in general
What are reference architectures and what are the actual values of domain-specific
reference architectures?
What are appropriate notations for describing reference architectures.
Imparting of knowledge about reference architectures in the domain of semantic CMS
In which way does the presented reference architecture support the development of
semantic CMS?
Imparting of knowledge about architectural styles for semantic CMS
What are the basic technologies for REST architectures?

Components of the reference architecture and differences to “traditional” CMS archi-
tectures
Characteristics of REST architectures

Organization, Media
Lecture with Powerpoint slides

Literature
Fabian Christ, Benjamin Nagel: A Reference Architecture for Semantic Content Man-
agement Systems. In M. Nüttgens, O. Thomas, B. Weber (eds.): Proceeding of the
Enterprise Modelling and Information Systems Architectures Workshop 2011
(EMISA’11), Hamburg (Germany). GI, LNI, vol. P-190, pp. 135-148 (2011)

Duration

Lecture 9 - Semantifying your CMS

Title
Semantifying your CMS

Description
In this lesson, how an existing content management system can benefit from the ser-
vices developed in the scope of Interactive Knowledge Stack project that to be capa-
ble of dealing with semantic data is described. In general, the lesson will contain the
methodology to express formally the implicit semantics that is formed by the content
management system users while defining the content items and their properties.

Structure of content management systems
Analysis of JCR and CMIS specifications
Generic content model to cover all content management systems
Example: Express content items in generic content model
Mapping between content management systems and ontology
Ontology alignment
Bridge definitions:
Concept bridge
Instance bridge
Subsumption bridge
Property bridge
Backend knowledge-base for content management systems
Usage examples of formally expressed semantics of content management systems:
Search example using ontology alignment
SPARQL example to query the generated ontology which is produced after process-
ing the bridge definitions.

General knowledge about content management systems
Basic knowledge about vocabularies such as OWL and RDFS
Knowledge on SPARQL

Knowledge about structure of content management systems
Knowledge about specifications (JCR, CMIS) that allows uniform accessing to con-
tent management systems
Practice on querying data from triple stores using SPARQL

RDF data access by SPARQL

Organization, Media
Demo of CMS Adapter component of Apache Stanbol

Literature
G.B. Laleci, G. Aluc, A. Dogac, A. Sinaci, O. Kilic, F. Tuncer, A Semantic Backend for
Content Management Systems, Knowledge-Based Systems (2010), doi:
10.1016/j.knosys.2010.05.008
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0950705110000894

Duration

Lecture 10 - Designing Interactive Ubiquitous IS

Title
Designing Interactive Knowledge-supported Ubiquitous Information Systems

Description
The lesson consists of 1 lecture and 4 exercises. In the lecture, a methodology is presented
for the design of interactive knowledge-supported Ubiquitous Information Systems (UIS).
Each step of the method is exemplified by its application in the IKS AmI use case. In addi-
tion, students learn how to design UIS by 4 exercises. Within the formalization of system de-
sign, it is shown how IKS helps to develop the knowledge representation of the resulting UIS
and to handle interactive knowledge.

Structure of Lecture
1. Designing information systems by means of design methods
2. Design Method for Interactive Knowledge-supported Ubiquitous Information Systems
Task 1 - Identification of Problem and Needs & Application in IKS
Task 2 - Derivation of situations (narrative conceptual models) & Application in IKS
Task 3 - Derivation of diagrammatic conceptual models & Application in IKS
Task 4 - Evaluation of diagrammatic conceptual models & Application in IKS
Task 5 - Derivation of formal propositional conceptual models & Application in IKS
Task 6 - Formalization of system design based on IKS & Application in IKS
Task 7 - Implementation of formalized system design based on IKS & Application in
IKS
Task 8 - Evaluation of solution
3. Wrap-Up and Outlook

Exercises
A: How to generate descriptions of usage situations of IK-supported IS?
B: Derivation of diagrammatic conceptual models based on usage situations
C: Semantic modeling of diagrammatic conceptual models
D: Formalization of system design based on diagrammatic conceptual models and
IKS

Knowledge about semantic technologies, knowledge representations; experience in
modeling ontologies with editor
Knowledge about empirical methods

Systematic application of a design methodology for IK-supported information systems
Systematic application of IKS in design and implementation of UIS
Usage of conceptual models as requirements within the system design
Semantic modeling of conceptual models
Designing knowledge representations for UIS

Definition of usage situations
Derivation of diagrammatic and formal conceptual models
Formalization of system design based on IKS

Organization, Media
Lecture: Design of interactive knowledge-supported Ubiquitous Information Systems
(UIS)
Exercise A-D
Media: Slides, paper-/handicraft work

Literature
Maass, W. & Janzen, S.: Pattern-Based Approach for Designing with Diagrammatic
and Propositional Conceptual Models, 6th International Conference on Design Sci-
ence Research in Information Systems and Technology (DESRIST 2011), Milwaukee,
Wisconsin, USA, 2011.
Janzen, S., Kowatsch, T. & Maass, W.: A Methodology for Content-Centered Design
of Ambient Environments, DESRIST 2010: Global Perspectives on Design Science
Research, St. Gallen, Switzerland, 2010.
Maass, W. & Varshney, W.: A Framework for Smart Healthcare Situations and Smart
Drugs. SIG-Health Pre-AMCIS Workshop at the 15th Americas Conference on Infor-
mation Systems (AMCIS 2009). San Francisco, USA.
cf. the lecture slides below for further publications

Duration

Iks d73-teachers handbook-v12

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