1. Feed in value chains
Shirley Tarawali
FAP Symposium on Feed in Smallholder Systems
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Luang Prabang, Laos, 18-19 November 2010
2. Key issue
Past feed research “supply focused”
Feed in VC context – different approach:
– Demand for livestock commodity – feed as an
element of value chain
– Feed value chains intersecting with livestock
(?and crop) commodity value chains
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3. We know: its complex
Inputs and Consumers
Production Processing Marketing
services
Biomass
Feed
Breed
Health
Land
Water
GhG
Number of
animals
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4. We know: context and livestock
commodity matter
Crop livestock systems – majority of livestock
commodities in developing countries
Production efficiency....shift from feed for
maintenance to productivity
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5. Priority value chains Small ruminants:
-Market opportunities Ethiopia, Mali
-Opportunities for engagement
-Constraints- resolvable
-Momentum/experience
Dairy: Nicaragua, Pigs: Vietnam,
Tanzania, India
Uganda
6. We know: changing commodity
demand influences feed dimensions
Feed source Feed type
Own farm
Natural grazing
Planted pastures
Community Other planted forages
Crop residues
Market Crop by products
Other by products
Grains
Policy Roots and tubers
Mineral etc supplements
Balanced concentrates
Opportunities to increase feed:
Produce more --- Utilize better --- Import
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7. South Asia rain fed dairy Source of feed (%DM)
Natural grazing
Planted pastures
Planted forages
Crop residues
Crop by-products
Other by-products
Grains
Roots & tubers
Mineral/vit suppl
2010 Balanced concentrates
2030
Own farm
Community
Market
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8. Gaps
How to prioritise and target feed based
investments in R4D in commodity value
chains?
Institutions and
policies
Technologies Innovation and
knowledge
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Editor's Notes
Some more bubbles to illustrate: Feed is a key component of productivity which determines market participation for smallholders. But there are complex interactions and trade offs – at the biophysical level with the environment (and relationship of this to for example numbers of animals required to address demand), feed demand impacts on land and water, interactions with breed and health of animals, and with competing demands for biomass. Likewise, beyond this, the implications of meeting feed demand require service and knowledge inputs, and may have equity implications. Policies and regulations can impact feed availability and the ability of smallholders to access and use feed. Beyond such issues are a complex set of drivers......
These issues can be translated into dimensions that relate to institutions and policies (including changing public and private sector roles); knowledge and innovation; as well as technologies themselves
Diagram to illustrate impacts of intensification on aspects of previous slide......... With intensification:Least market oriented:All feeds sourced at household levelMost market oriented:Feed sourced off farmConsiderable impact of policies; public/private sector interactionsFeeds less variable/diverse