SlideShare una empresa de Scribd logo
1 de 8
Descargar para leer sin conexión
IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE)
e-ISSN: 2278-1684,p-ISSN: 2320-334X, Volume 13, Issue 3 Ver. VI (May- Jun. 2016), PP 50-57
www.iosrjournals.org
DOI: 10.9790/1684-1303065057 www.iosrjournals.org 50 | Page
The Influence of Polypropylene Fiber and Silica Fume on
Compressive and Tensile Strengths of Concrete
K.I.M. Ibrahim
Construction Engineering Dept., College of Engineering at Qunfudha , Umm-Al-Qura University- KSA on
Sabbatical leave from higher Institute of Engineering and Technology of Kafr-EL-shiekh – Egypt
Abstract: This paper investigates the effect of polypropylene fiber(PPF) and silica fume(SF) on the
compressive and tensile strengths of concrete. Effects of key variables such as fiber and silica fume contents
were studied. An experimental program was conducted to achieve the required objectives. The work focused on
concrete mixes having a fixed water/binder ratio of 0.40 and a constant total binder content of 500kg/m3.the
percentages of silica fume that replaced cement in this research were 0%,6%,12% and 18%. Polypropylene
fiber with 19mm length and four volume fractions of 0%, 0.25%,0.5% and 0.75% are used. The results show
that silica fume has great improvement on the compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of concrete.
The increase of replacement levels of silica fume from 12% to 18% has not much significant change on the
development of compressive and tensile strengths. The addition of polypropylene fibers caused an adverse effect
on the compressive and tensile strengths of normal and silica fume concretes.
Keywords: silica fume , polypropylene fibers ,compressive strength and tensile strength
I. Introduction
Silica fume consists of very fine particles about 100 times smaller than the average cement particles,
the extreme fineness of the silica fume particles allows it to fill the microscopic voids between cement particles .
Silica fume is among one of the most recent pozzolanic materials currently used in concrete. It was first used in
1969 in Norway but only began to be systematically employed in North America and Europe in the early 1980.
Since then, the use of silica fume in concrete has been increasing rapidly , it has been used either as a partial
replacement for cement or as an additive when special properties are desired [1]. The rapid increase in the use of
silica fume is attributed to its positive effects on the mechanical properties of cementitious composites . During
the last decade considerable attention has been given to the use of silica fume as a partial replacement of cement
to produce high-strength concrete. the addition of silica fume to Portland cement concrete marginally
decreased the workability of concrete but significantly improved its mechanical properties[2] .
Bhanja et al. investigated the isolated effect of silica fume on concrete and suggested the optimum
content of silica fume with regard to the compressive strength of concrete [3].
However, a lot of research achievements indicate that silica fume can cause the concrete to have a more
brittle structure , and ductility improvement is an important goal in concrete science and must be taken into
account by researchers .[4,5] Short fibers have been known and used for centuries to reinforced brittle materials
like cement or masonry bricks . Now, there are numerous fiber types available for commercial use, the basic
types being steel, glass, synthetic materials, and some natural fibers .[6-10] Because polypropylene fiber is a
kind of man-made synthetic fiber with the properties of low modulus of elasticity, high strength, excellent
ductility, excellent durability, and low price , many experimental works related to the use of polypropylene
fibers in cement matrix composites have been published.[11-12]
The effect of polypropylene fibers on the properties of hardened concrete varies depending on the type
length and volume fraction of fiber, the mixture design, and the nature of the concrete materials used.
The general results are that permeability, abrasion and impact resistance are all significantly improved
by the addition of polypropylene fibers[13] The effect of polypropylene fibers on flexural, compressive and
tensile strength as well as on toughness and elastic modulus is not quite clear. Most work shows either no effect
or modest improvements in these properties. However, in some cases the addition of polypropylene fibers has
been known to decrease the ultimate strength of hardened concrete. The use of PPF in natural pozzolanic cement
concrete(NPC) combined with SF can be recommended to reduce long-term impact of early age cracking ,and
enhance durability ,the combination of 10%SFand 0.07% PPF volumetric fraction mitigated early age cracking
and significantly reduced water permeability and carbonation depth[14]. However, little information is
presently known regarding the combined effect of polypropylene fiber and silica fume on the mechanical
properties of concrete . Therefore, the present work investigates silica fume , and polypropylene fiber using an
extensive range of mixes : silica fume (by mass) from 6% to 18 % , and polypropylene fiber (by volume) from
0.25% to 0.75% .
The Influence of Polypropylene Fiber and Silica Fume on Compressive and Tensile Strengths of ..
DOI: 10.9790/1684-1303065057 www.iosrjournals.org 51 | Page
II. Materials
Local materials were used in concrete mixes and tested according to Egyptian Standard Specification
(ESS) and American Standard of Testing Materials (ASTM) . basalt as a coarse aggregate was used with
maximum size 25mm and particle shape was approximately flaky .fine aggregate used in this research was
natural sand and it composed mainly of siliceous material .Ordinary Portland Cement was tested to assure its
compliance with ESS 373-1991.supper-plasticizer was added to keep the water binder ratio =0.40 with slump
ranges from 6-10cm.PPF of 19mm length was used. A commercial silica fume was used for preparing the SF
concretes.
III. Concrete Mixes Proportion
In all, 16 mixture proportions were made, and the first one was control mix (without SF and PPF ).
There are three proportions of PPF mixed in concrete by volume ranged from 0.25% to 0.75% and three
proportions with SF replacing the same quantity of cement by mass ranged from 6% to 18% . Another nine
proportions were arranged with SF replacing the same quantity of cement by mass ranged from 6% to 18% with
PPF mixed in concrete by volume ranged from 0.25% to 0.75% . Mix proportions are given in Table (1) .
Table (1) : Concrete Mixes Proportion
Super
plasticizer (kg)
Water (lit)Sand
(m3
)
basalt
(m3
)
Cement
(kg/m3
)
SF contentPPF
content %
Mix No.
Kg/m3
%
9.25
2000.400.80
5000001
9.25500000.252
9.5500000.503
9.5500000.754
9.2547030605
9.5440601206
9.5410901807
9.54703060.258
9.754703060.509
104703060.7510
9.544060120.2511
9.7544060120.5012
10.2544060120.7513
9.75410901802514
9.7541090180.5015
10.2541090180.7516
IV. Description Of Tested Specimens
48 cubes 15x15x15cm and 48 cylinders 15x30cm were cast for compressive strength and splitting
tensile strength .Concrete was cast vertically in the forms ,and was mechanically compacted using external
vibrator to ensure full compaction of concrete inside the forms. The specimens were tested by using 2000KN
hydraulic compression machine .
V. Test Results And Discussion
Compressive strength
Compressive strengths of concrete mixes were determined at 28 days of curing. The test results are
given in Tables 2-7 and Figures 1-6. Table 2 and figure 1 show the variation of compressive strength of
polypropylene fiber reinforced concrete( PPFRC). From the results , it can be seen that ,with the increase of
fiber volume dosage, the compressive strength is decreasing gradually and the decrease is so great at the fiber
volume dosage = 0.75%. Compared with the control mix ( without PPF and SF ) the decrease of compressive
strength was 19.7 % , 24.6 % and25 % for 0.25% , 0.50% and 0.75% PPF volume dosage respectively.
Table 3 and figure 2 show the variation of compressive strength of silica fume concrete( SFC )mixes , from the
results it can be seen that ,the compressive strength increases with the increase of SF contents and the strengths
of different SF contents are larger than that of control mix. Compared with the control mix, the compressive
strength increases of about 12.82 % , 45.05 % and 22.95 % for SF contents 6% , 12% and 18% respectively.
Silica fume acts as a filler due to its smaller particle size , and the pozzolanic reaction of the silica fume
produces additional C-S-H gel , which grows into the capillary spaces that remain after the hydration of the
cement in mortar mixes [15]. Therefore , it would appear that silica fume acts both physically (as filler) and
chemically (reacting with Ca(OH)2 to form C-S-H) to aid in the strength improvement of mixes .
Tables 4-6 and figures 3-5 show the variation of the compressive strength of PPFRC at the same ratio
of SF contents. It was observed that with the increase of PPF contents, the compressive strength of SFC
decreases. At SF content 6%, the compressive strength decreases with about 25%, 29% and 30% for PPF
The Influence of Polypropylene Fiber and Silica Fume on Compressive and Tensile Strengths of ..
DOI: 10.9790/1684-1303065057 www.iosrjournals.org 52 | Page
contents 0.25%, 0.5% and 0.75% respectively as for SF content 12% the reduction was about 28%,39% and
41%, also for SF content 18% the reduction was about 22%, 32% and 33% respectively.
Table (2): Results of compressive strength [kg/cm2] of PPFRC
Compressive strength [kg/cm2
]PPF content%SF content%
386.50 [control]00
310.20[-19.7%]0.250
291.25[-24.6%]0.500
287.10[-25.7%]0.750
Fig.(1) : the compressive strength (kg/cm2) of PPFRC
Table (3): Results of compressive strength [kg/cm2] of SFC
Compressive strength[kg/cm2
]PPF content%SF content%
386.5 [control]00
436.05 [12.82%]06
560.6 [45.05%]012
475.2 [22.95%]018
Fig.(2) : the compressive strength (kg/cm2) of SFC
Table (4): Results of compressive strength [kg/cm2] of PPFRC with SF content =6%
Compressive strength[kg/cm2
]PPF content%SF content%
436.05 [control]06
324.18 [-25.6%]0.256
308.40 [-29.3%]0.506
304.50 [-30.2%]0.756
The Influence of Polypropylene Fiber and Silica Fume on Compressive and Tensile Strengths of ..
DOI: 10.9790/1684-1303065057 www.iosrjournals.org 53 | Page
Fig.(3) : the compressive strength (kg/cm2) of PPFRC with SF content 6%
Table (5): Results of compressive strength [kg/cm2] of PPFRC with SF content =12%
Compressive strength[kg/cm2
]PPF content%SF content%
560.60 [control]012
399.86 [-28.7%]0.2512
337.96 [-39.7%]0.5012
327.90 [-41.5%]0.7512
Fig.(4) : the compressive strength (kg/cm2) of PPFRC with SF content 12%
Table (6): Results of compressive strength [kg/cm2] of PPFRC with SF content =18%
Compressive strength[kg/cm2
]PPF content%SF content%
475.20 [control]018
369.20 [-22.3%]0.2518
321.57 [-32.3%]0.5018
315.20 [-33.7%]0.7518
Fig.(5) : the compressive strength (kg/cm2) of PPFRC with SF content 18%
The Influence of Polypropylene Fiber and Silica Fume on Compressive and Tensile Strengths of ..
DOI: 10.9790/1684-1303065057 www.iosrjournals.org 54 | Page
Table (7): Summary of compressive strength results [kg/cm2]
The compressive strength [kg/cm2
] at SF contentPPF content%
18%12%6%0%
475.20 [22.95%]560.60 [45.05%]436.05[12.82%]386.50 [control]0
369.2 [19.02%]399.86 [28.90%]324.18 [4.51%]310.20 [control]0.25
321.57[10.41%]337.96 [16.04%]308.40 [5.89%]291.25 [control]0.50
315.2 [9.79%]327.9 [14.21%]304.50 [6.06%]287.10 [control]0.75
Fig.(6) : the compressive strength (kg/cm2) of all concrete mixes
Splitting tensile strength
Splitting tensile strengths of concrete mixes were determined at 28 days curing. The test results are
given in Tables 8-13 and Figures 7-12. Table 8 and figure 7 show the variation of splitting tensile strength of
PPFRC. From the results , it can be seen that ,with the increase of fiber volume dosage, the tensile strength is
decreasing gradually . Compared with the control mix ( without PPF and SF ) the decrease of tensile strength
were 10.3 % , 18.3 % and 15.85 % for 0.25% , 0.50% and 0.75% PPF volume dosage respectively.
Table 9 and figure 8 show the variation of tensile strength of SFC mixes , from the results it can be
seen that ,the tensile strength increases with the increase of SF contents and the strengths of different SF
contents are larger than that of control mix. Compared with the control mix, the tensile strength increases of
about 10.94 % , 24.53 % and 21.62 % for SF contents 6% , 12% and 18% respectively. Tables 10-12 and figures
9-11 show the variation of the compressive strength of PPFRC at the same ratio of SF content. It was observed
that with increase of PPF content, the tensile strength of SFC decreases. At SF content 6%, the tensile strength
decreases with about 9%, 15% and 15% for PPF content 0.25%, 0.5% and 0.75% respectively as for SF content
12% the reduction was about 18%,24% and 23%, also for SF content 18% was about 20%, 28% and 22%
respectively.
Table (8): Results of tensile strength [kg/cm2] of PPFRC
Fig.(7) : the tensile strength (kg/cm2) of PPFRC
Tensile strength[kg/cm2
]PPF content%SF content%
37.1 [control]00
33.27 [-10.3%]0.250
30.32 [-18.3%]0.500
31.22 [-15.85%]0.750
The Influence of Polypropylene Fiber and Silica Fume on Compressive and Tensile Strengths of ..
DOI: 10.9790/1684-1303065057 www.iosrjournals.org 55 | Page
Table (9) Results of tensile strength [kg/cm2] of SFC
Tensile strength[kg/cm2
]PPF content%SF content%
37.1 [control]00
41.16 [+10.94%]06
46.2 [+24.53%]012
45.12 [+21.62%]018
Fig.(8) : the tensile strength (kg/cm2) of SFC
Table (10): Results of tensile strength [kg/cm2] of PPFRC with SF content =6%
Tensile strength[kg/cm2
]PPF content%SF content%
41.16 [control]06
37.2 [-9.62%]0.256
34.68 [-15.74%]0.506
34.76 [-15.55%]0.756
Fig.(9) : the tensile strength (kg/cm2) of PPFRC with SF content 6%
Table (11): Results of tensile strength [kg/cm2] of PPFRC with SF content =12%
Tensile strength[kg/cm2
]PPF content%SF content%
46.2 [control]012
37.68 [-18.44%]0.2512
35.04 [-24.16%]0.5012
35.28 [-23.64%]0.7512
Fig.(10) : the tensile strength (kg/cm2) of PPFRC with SF content 12%
The Influence of Polypropylene Fiber and Silica Fume on Compressive and Tensile Strengths of ..
DOI: 10.9790/1684-1303065057 www.iosrjournals.org 56 | Page
Table (12): Results of tensile strength [kg/cm2] of PPFRC with SF content =18%
Tensile strength[kg/cm2
]PPF content%SF content%
45.12 [control]018
36.12 [-19.95%]0.2518
32.28 [-28.46%]0.5018
35.04 [-22.34%]0.7518
Fig.(11) : the tensile strength (kg/cm2) of PPFRC with SF content 18%
Table (13): Summary of tensile strength results [kg/cm2]
The compressive strength [kg/cm2
] at SF contentPPF content%
18%12%6%0%
45.12 [+21.62%]46.2 [+24.53%]41.16 [+10.94%]37.1 [control]0
36.12 [+8.57%]37.68 [+13.26%]37.2 [+11.81%]33.27 [control]0.25
32.28 [+6.46%]35.04 [+15.57%]34.68 [+14.38%]30.32 [control]0.50
35.04 [+12.24%]35.28 [+13%]34.76 [+11.34%]31.22 [control]0.75
Fig.(12) : the tensile strength (kg/cm2) of all concrete mixes
VI. Conclusions
This article reported experimental results of compressive strength and splitting tensile strength studies
conducted on silica fume concrete composite reinforced with polypropylene fiber. The following conclusions
can be drawn from the results presented in this article:
1. Silica fume appeared to have an adverse effect on the workability of fiber concrete.
The Influence of Polypropylene Fiber and Silica Fume on Compressive and Tensile Strengths of ..
DOI: 10.9790/1684-1303065057 www.iosrjournals.org 57 | Page
2. Silica fume has great improvement on the compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of concrete,
the compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of concrete increase gradually with the increase of
silica fume content.
3. The compressive strength increases with the increase in silica fume compared with normal concrete. The
maximum increase in compressive strength was up to 12.82 %, 45.05 % and 22.95 % for 6% , 12% and
18% of silica fume replaced by cement re respectively.
4. The tensile strength increases with the increase in silica fume compared with normal concrete. The
maximum increase in strength was up to 10.94 %, 24.53 % and 21.62 % for 6% , 12% and 18% of
silica fume replaced by cement respectively.
5. The increase of replacement levels of silica fume from 12% to 18% has not much significant change on the
development of compressive and tensile strengths. Therefore the optimum dosage of replacement of silica
fume in the concrete in this study was considered 12%.
6. The addition of polypropylene fibers caused an adverse effect on the compressive and tensile strengths of
normal and silica fume concretes.
7. However , the addition of polypropylene fibers resulted in a significant decrease in compressive strength
than tensile strength.
8. It was observed that the decrease in compressive strength and tensile strength are directly proportional to
the fiber content.
References
[1]. A.T.Houssam, E.Tahar, The influence of silica fume on the compressive strength of cement paste and mortar, Cement and Concrete
Research, 25(1995) 1591-1602 .
[2]. A.A.Almusallam, H.Beshr, M.Maslehuddin, O.S.B. Al-Amoudi Effect of silica fume on the mechanical properties of low quality
coarse aggregate concrete, Cement and Concrete Composites. 26(2004) 891-900.
[3]. S.Bhanja, B.Sengupta, S.K.Kaushik, P.Kumar , Optimum silica fume content and its mode of action on concrete , ACI Materials
Journal, 101(2004) 327-328.
[4]. Nili M and Afroughsabet V. Combined effect of silica fume and steel fibers on the impact resistance and mechanical properties of
concrete . Int J Impact Eng 2010; 37: 879-886.
[5]. Tanyildizi H. Effect of temperature carbon fibers , and silica fume on the mechanical properties of lightweight concretes. New
Carbon Mater 2008; 339-344.
[6]. Aktas M. The influence of hole diameter on residual stresses and plastic zone expansion in steel fiber- reinforced aluminum metal-
matrix laminated composite plates under transverse loading J Reinf Plast Compos 2006; 25(11): 1149-1164.
[7]. Arslan N and Ozben T. An elastic-plastic stress analysis of a woven reinforced steel fiber thermoplastic composite cantilever beam
subjected to transverse uniform loads on the upper surface . J Reinf Plast Compos 2005; 24(14): 1493-1508.
[8]. Ghugal YM and Deshmukh SB. Performance of alkali-resistant glass fiber reinforced concrete . J Reinf Plast Compos 2006;(6):
617-630.
[9]. Kumutha R and Palanichamy MS. Investigation of reinforced concrete columns confined using glass fiber-reinforced polymers. J
Reinf Plast Compos 2006; 25(16): 1669-1678.
[10]. Mohan TP and Kanny K. Influence of nanoclay on rhe-ological and mechanical properties of short glass fiber-reinforced
polypropylene composites. J Reinf Plast Compos 2011; 30(2): 152-160.
[11]. Zhang P and Li QF. Experimental study on shrinkage properties of cement –stabilized macadam reinforced with polypropylene
fiber. J Reinf Plast Compos 2010; 29(12) : 1851-1860.
[12]. [Niu PF, Liu BY and Wei XM. Study on mechanical properties and thermal stability of polypropylene / hemp.
[13]. Balaguru PN, Shah SP. Fiber reinforced cement composites .New York :McGraw-Hill, Inc. 1992 -367p.
[14]. N. Flores Medina , G. Barluenga , F. Hemandez-Olivares Combined effect of polypropylene fibers and silica fume to improve the
durability of concrete with natural pozzolans blended cement . Construction and Building Materials ,2015(96):556-566.
[15]. Blanco F , Garcia MP , Ayala J , Mayoral G and Garcia MA. The effect of mechanically and chemically activated fly ashes on
mortar properties. Fuel 2006; 85: 2018-2026.

Más contenido relacionado

La actualidad más candente

Effect of Alccofine and Fly Ash Addition on the Durability of High Performanc...
Effect of Alccofine and Fly Ash Addition on the Durability of High Performanc...Effect of Alccofine and Fly Ash Addition on the Durability of High Performanc...
Effect of Alccofine and Fly Ash Addition on the Durability of High Performanc...ijsrd.com
 
Study of Macro level Properties of SCC using GGBS and Lime stone powder
Study of Macro level Properties of SCC using GGBS and Lime stone powderStudy of Macro level Properties of SCC using GGBS and Lime stone powder
Study of Macro level Properties of SCC using GGBS and Lime stone powderIJERD Editor
 
40135619 M.Sc. report
40135619  M.Sc. report40135619  M.Sc. report
40135619 M.Sc. reportAmit Rana
 
Studies on Strength Characteristics of Normal Conventional Concrete with Diat...
Studies on Strength Characteristics of Normal Conventional Concrete with Diat...Studies on Strength Characteristics of Normal Conventional Concrete with Diat...
Studies on Strength Characteristics of Normal Conventional Concrete with Diat...IRJET Journal
 
Experimental Study on Durability Characteristics of High Performance Concrete...
Experimental Study on Durability Characteristics of High Performance Concrete...Experimental Study on Durability Characteristics of High Performance Concrete...
Experimental Study on Durability Characteristics of High Performance Concrete...theijes
 
Performance of Concrete Containing Zeolite as a Supplementary Cementitious Ma...
Performance of Concrete Containing Zeolite as a Supplementary Cementitious Ma...Performance of Concrete Containing Zeolite as a Supplementary Cementitious Ma...
Performance of Concrete Containing Zeolite as a Supplementary Cementitious Ma...IRJET Journal
 
To Study the Effect of Silica Fume on Properties of Macro Polypropylene Blend...
To Study the Effect of Silica Fume on Properties of Macro Polypropylene Blend...To Study the Effect of Silica Fume on Properties of Macro Polypropylene Blend...
To Study the Effect of Silica Fume on Properties of Macro Polypropylene Blend...ijsrd.com
 
IRJET- Effects of Use of Metakaolin and Pond Ash in different Types of Concrete
IRJET- Effects of Use of Metakaolin and Pond Ash in different Types of ConcreteIRJET- Effects of Use of Metakaolin and Pond Ash in different Types of Concrete
IRJET- Effects of Use of Metakaolin and Pond Ash in different Types of ConcreteIRJET Journal
 
Iisrt khalid ahmed gour (civil)
Iisrt khalid ahmed gour (civil)Iisrt khalid ahmed gour (civil)
Iisrt khalid ahmed gour (civil)IISRT
 
The Coupled Effect of Nano Silica and Superplasticizer on Concrete Fresh and ...
The Coupled Effect of Nano Silica and Superplasticizer on Concrete Fresh and ...The Coupled Effect of Nano Silica and Superplasticizer on Concrete Fresh and ...
The Coupled Effect of Nano Silica and Superplasticizer on Concrete Fresh and ...IJMER
 
Influence of Sisal Fibre on the Properties of Foam Concrete
Influence of Sisal Fibre on the Properties of Foam ConcreteInfluence of Sisal Fibre on the Properties of Foam Concrete
Influence of Sisal Fibre on the Properties of Foam ConcreteMALLIKARJUNA REDDY KASIREDDY
 
An Experimental Investigation on Strength Characteristics of Concrete with P...
An Experimental Investigation on Strength Characteristics of  Concrete with P...An Experimental Investigation on Strength Characteristics of  Concrete with P...
An Experimental Investigation on Strength Characteristics of Concrete with P...IJMER
 
An Experimental Study on Short Term Durability and Hardened Properties of Bag...
An Experimental Study on Short Term Durability and Hardened Properties of Bag...An Experimental Study on Short Term Durability and Hardened Properties of Bag...
An Experimental Study on Short Term Durability and Hardened Properties of Bag...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
 
Size Anddosageof Micro Silica Fume Behaviour for Partial Replacement of Cemen...
Size Anddosageof Micro Silica Fume Behaviour for Partial Replacement of Cemen...Size Anddosageof Micro Silica Fume Behaviour for Partial Replacement of Cemen...
Size Anddosageof Micro Silica Fume Behaviour for Partial Replacement of Cemen...iosrjce
 
IRJET- Experimental Study on Strength Properties of Concrete with Partial...
IRJET-  	  Experimental Study on Strength Properties of Concrete with Partial...IRJET-  	  Experimental Study on Strength Properties of Concrete with Partial...
IRJET- Experimental Study on Strength Properties of Concrete with Partial...IRJET Journal
 

La actualidad más candente (20)

Effect of Alccofine and Fly Ash Addition on the Durability of High Performanc...
Effect of Alccofine and Fly Ash Addition on the Durability of High Performanc...Effect of Alccofine and Fly Ash Addition on the Durability of High Performanc...
Effect of Alccofine and Fly Ash Addition on the Durability of High Performanc...
 
CHA 1
CHA 1CHA 1
CHA 1
 
Study of Macro level Properties of SCC using GGBS and Lime stone powder
Study of Macro level Properties of SCC using GGBS and Lime stone powderStudy of Macro level Properties of SCC using GGBS and Lime stone powder
Study of Macro level Properties of SCC using GGBS and Lime stone powder
 
40135619 M.Sc. report
40135619  M.Sc. report40135619  M.Sc. report
40135619 M.Sc. report
 
Studies on Strength Characteristics of Normal Conventional Concrete with Diat...
Studies on Strength Characteristics of Normal Conventional Concrete with Diat...Studies on Strength Characteristics of Normal Conventional Concrete with Diat...
Studies on Strength Characteristics of Normal Conventional Concrete with Diat...
 
Experimental Study on Durability Characteristics of High Performance Concrete...
Experimental Study on Durability Characteristics of High Performance Concrete...Experimental Study on Durability Characteristics of High Performance Concrete...
Experimental Study on Durability Characteristics of High Performance Concrete...
 
Performance of Concrete Containing Zeolite as a Supplementary Cementitious Ma...
Performance of Concrete Containing Zeolite as a Supplementary Cementitious Ma...Performance of Concrete Containing Zeolite as a Supplementary Cementitious Ma...
Performance of Concrete Containing Zeolite as a Supplementary Cementitious Ma...
 
To Study the Effect of Silica Fume on Properties of Macro Polypropylene Blend...
To Study the Effect of Silica Fume on Properties of Macro Polypropylene Blend...To Study the Effect of Silica Fume on Properties of Macro Polypropylene Blend...
To Study the Effect of Silica Fume on Properties of Macro Polypropylene Blend...
 
IRJET- Effects of Use of Metakaolin and Pond Ash in different Types of Concrete
IRJET- Effects of Use of Metakaolin and Pond Ash in different Types of ConcreteIRJET- Effects of Use of Metakaolin and Pond Ash in different Types of Concrete
IRJET- Effects of Use of Metakaolin and Pond Ash in different Types of Concrete
 
Iisrt khalid ahmed gour (civil)
Iisrt khalid ahmed gour (civil)Iisrt khalid ahmed gour (civil)
Iisrt khalid ahmed gour (civil)
 
The Coupled Effect of Nano Silica and Superplasticizer on Concrete Fresh and ...
The Coupled Effect of Nano Silica and Superplasticizer on Concrete Fresh and ...The Coupled Effect of Nano Silica and Superplasticizer on Concrete Fresh and ...
The Coupled Effect of Nano Silica and Superplasticizer on Concrete Fresh and ...
 
Influence of Sisal Fibre on the Properties of Foam Concrete
Influence of Sisal Fibre on the Properties of Foam ConcreteInfluence of Sisal Fibre on the Properties of Foam Concrete
Influence of Sisal Fibre on the Properties of Foam Concrete
 
H012335156
H012335156H012335156
H012335156
 
J1304016671
J1304016671J1304016671
J1304016671
 
An Experimental Investigation on Strength Characteristics of Concrete with P...
An Experimental Investigation on Strength Characteristics of  Concrete with P...An Experimental Investigation on Strength Characteristics of  Concrete with P...
An Experimental Investigation on Strength Characteristics of Concrete with P...
 
F012663236
F012663236F012663236
F012663236
 
An Experimental Study on Short Term Durability and Hardened Properties of Bag...
An Experimental Study on Short Term Durability and Hardened Properties of Bag...An Experimental Study on Short Term Durability and Hardened Properties of Bag...
An Experimental Study on Short Term Durability and Hardened Properties of Bag...
 
A04610108
A04610108A04610108
A04610108
 
Size Anddosageof Micro Silica Fume Behaviour for Partial Replacement of Cemen...
Size Anddosageof Micro Silica Fume Behaviour for Partial Replacement of Cemen...Size Anddosageof Micro Silica Fume Behaviour for Partial Replacement of Cemen...
Size Anddosageof Micro Silica Fume Behaviour for Partial Replacement of Cemen...
 
IRJET- Experimental Study on Strength Properties of Concrete with Partial...
IRJET-  	  Experimental Study on Strength Properties of Concrete with Partial...IRJET-  	  Experimental Study on Strength Properties of Concrete with Partial...
IRJET- Experimental Study on Strength Properties of Concrete with Partial...
 

Destacado

Experimental Investigation of Twin Cylinder Diesel Engine Using Jatropha and ...
Experimental Investigation of Twin Cylinder Diesel Engine Using Jatropha and ...Experimental Investigation of Twin Cylinder Diesel Engine Using Jatropha and ...
Experimental Investigation of Twin Cylinder Diesel Engine Using Jatropha and ...IOSR Journals
 
Research on Clustering Method of Related Cases Based On Chinese Text
Research on Clustering Method of Related Cases Based On Chinese TextResearch on Clustering Method of Related Cases Based On Chinese Text
Research on Clustering Method of Related Cases Based On Chinese TextIOSR Journals
 
A Data Transmission Technique Based On RSSI in an Ad-Hoc Network
A Data Transmission Technique Based On RSSI in an Ad-Hoc NetworkA Data Transmission Technique Based On RSSI in an Ad-Hoc Network
A Data Transmission Technique Based On RSSI in an Ad-Hoc NetworkIOSR Journals
 
An Assessment on Food Security in Developing Economies-Problems and Policy In...
An Assessment on Food Security in Developing Economies-Problems and Policy In...An Assessment on Food Security in Developing Economies-Problems and Policy In...
An Assessment on Food Security in Developing Economies-Problems and Policy In...IOSR Journals
 
New Approach for Determination of Propagation Model Adapted To an Environment...
New Approach for Determination of Propagation Model Adapted To an Environment...New Approach for Determination of Propagation Model Adapted To an Environment...
New Approach for Determination of Propagation Model Adapted To an Environment...IOSR Journals
 
Big Data Analysis and Its Scheduling Policy – Hadoop
Big Data Analysis and Its Scheduling Policy – HadoopBig Data Analysis and Its Scheduling Policy – Hadoop
Big Data Analysis and Its Scheduling Policy – HadoopIOSR Journals
 

Destacado (20)

A011210108
A011210108A011210108
A011210108
 
K013146471
K013146471K013146471
K013146471
 
P180305106115
P180305106115P180305106115
P180305106115
 
E017263040
E017263040E017263040
E017263040
 
Experimental Investigation of Twin Cylinder Diesel Engine Using Jatropha and ...
Experimental Investigation of Twin Cylinder Diesel Engine Using Jatropha and ...Experimental Investigation of Twin Cylinder Diesel Engine Using Jatropha and ...
Experimental Investigation of Twin Cylinder Diesel Engine Using Jatropha and ...
 
Research on Clustering Method of Related Cases Based On Chinese Text
Research on Clustering Method of Related Cases Based On Chinese TextResearch on Clustering Method of Related Cases Based On Chinese Text
Research on Clustering Method of Related Cases Based On Chinese Text
 
A Data Transmission Technique Based On RSSI in an Ad-Hoc Network
A Data Transmission Technique Based On RSSI in an Ad-Hoc NetworkA Data Transmission Technique Based On RSSI in an Ad-Hoc Network
A Data Transmission Technique Based On RSSI in an Ad-Hoc Network
 
An Assessment on Food Security in Developing Economies-Problems and Policy In...
An Assessment on Food Security in Developing Economies-Problems and Policy In...An Assessment on Food Security in Developing Economies-Problems and Policy In...
An Assessment on Food Security in Developing Economies-Problems and Policy In...
 
A018140107
A018140107A018140107
A018140107
 
New Approach for Determination of Propagation Model Adapted To an Environment...
New Approach for Determination of Propagation Model Adapted To an Environment...New Approach for Determination of Propagation Model Adapted To an Environment...
New Approach for Determination of Propagation Model Adapted To an Environment...
 
V01761152156
V01761152156V01761152156
V01761152156
 
M010637376
M010637376M010637376
M010637376
 
G017264447
G017264447G017264447
G017264447
 
C1102031116
C1102031116C1102031116
C1102031116
 
Big Data Analysis and Its Scheduling Policy – Hadoop
Big Data Analysis and Its Scheduling Policy – HadoopBig Data Analysis and Its Scheduling Policy – Hadoop
Big Data Analysis and Its Scheduling Policy – Hadoop
 
J011138795
J011138795J011138795
J011138795
 
K017367680
K017367680K017367680
K017367680
 
L1303046572
L1303046572L1303046572
L1303046572
 
N01245112120
N01245112120N01245112120
N01245112120
 
F1803023843
F1803023843F1803023843
F1803023843
 

Similar a G1303065057

Effect of Superplasticizer and Silica Fume on Properties of Concrete
Effect of Superplasticizer and Silica Fume on Properties of ConcreteEffect of Superplasticizer and Silica Fume on Properties of Concrete
Effect of Superplasticizer and Silica Fume on Properties of ConcreteIDES Editor
 
The Mechanical Properties of Concrete Incorporating Silica Fume as Partial Re...
The Mechanical Properties of Concrete Incorporating Silica Fume as Partial Re...The Mechanical Properties of Concrete Incorporating Silica Fume as Partial Re...
The Mechanical Properties of Concrete Incorporating Silica Fume as Partial Re...HARISH B A
 
9c54f85d-e0b6-4a6d-86e2-52aecc15e680.pdf
9c54f85d-e0b6-4a6d-86e2-52aecc15e680.pdf9c54f85d-e0b6-4a6d-86e2-52aecc15e680.pdf
9c54f85d-e0b6-4a6d-86e2-52aecc15e680.pdfMuthumari Ganesan
 
Scope of Producing Concrete by Replacing Cement with Marble Dust & Doping Sup...
Scope of Producing Concrete by Replacing Cement with Marble Dust & Doping Sup...Scope of Producing Concrete by Replacing Cement with Marble Dust & Doping Sup...
Scope of Producing Concrete by Replacing Cement with Marble Dust & Doping Sup...IRJET Journal
 
SIFCON’S Behaviour On Partial Replacement of Cement with Waste Glass Powder
	SIFCON’S Behaviour On Partial Replacement of Cement with Waste Glass Powder	SIFCON’S Behaviour On Partial Replacement of Cement with Waste Glass Powder
SIFCON’S Behaviour On Partial Replacement of Cement with Waste Glass PowderIJRAT
 
79201922
7920192279201922
79201922IJRAT
 
E0255040045
E0255040045E0255040045
E0255040045theijes
 
Effect of Steel Fiber on Alkali activated Fly Ash Concrete
Effect of Steel Fiber on Alkali activated Fly Ash ConcreteEffect of Steel Fiber on Alkali activated Fly Ash Concrete
Effect of Steel Fiber on Alkali activated Fly Ash ConcreteIJERA Editor
 
Mechanical and Physical Performance of Concrete Including Waste Electrical Ca...
Mechanical and Physical Performance of Concrete Including Waste Electrical Ca...Mechanical and Physical Performance of Concrete Including Waste Electrical Ca...
Mechanical and Physical Performance of Concrete Including Waste Electrical Ca...Salih Taner YILDIRIM
 
STUDY ON COMBINATION OF HYPO SLUDGE AND SILICA FUME AS A PARTIAL REPLACEMENT ...
STUDY ON COMBINATION OF HYPO SLUDGE AND SILICA FUME AS A PARTIAL REPLACEMENT ...STUDY ON COMBINATION OF HYPO SLUDGE AND SILICA FUME AS A PARTIAL REPLACEMENT ...
STUDY ON COMBINATION OF HYPO SLUDGE AND SILICA FUME AS A PARTIAL REPLACEMENT ...IRJET Journal
 
Effect of Severe Environmental Exposure on Properties of Geopolymer Concrete
Effect of Severe Environmental Exposure on Properties of Geopolymer ConcreteEffect of Severe Environmental Exposure on Properties of Geopolymer Concrete
Effect of Severe Environmental Exposure on Properties of Geopolymer ConcreteIRJET Journal
 
IRJET- Experimental Investigation on the Behaviour of Strength and Durability...
IRJET- Experimental Investigation on the Behaviour of Strength and Durability...IRJET- Experimental Investigation on the Behaviour of Strength and Durability...
IRJET- Experimental Investigation on the Behaviour of Strength and Durability...IRJET Journal
 
Impact of Wood Ash, Silica Fume, and Calcium Oxide on the Compressive Strengt...
Impact of Wood Ash, Silica Fume, and Calcium Oxide on the Compressive Strengt...Impact of Wood Ash, Silica Fume, and Calcium Oxide on the Compressive Strengt...
Impact of Wood Ash, Silica Fume, and Calcium Oxide on the Compressive Strengt...IRJET Journal
 
STRENGTH OF SILICA FUME CEMENT CONCRETE
STRENGTH OF SILICA FUME CEMENT CONCRETE STRENGTH OF SILICA FUME CEMENT CONCRETE
STRENGTH OF SILICA FUME CEMENT CONCRETE Farhan Hussain
 
Experimental Investigations of Mechanical properties on Micro silica (Silica ...
Experimental Investigations of Mechanical properties on Micro silica (Silica ...Experimental Investigations of Mechanical properties on Micro silica (Silica ...
Experimental Investigations of Mechanical properties on Micro silica (Silica ...IOSR Journals
 
Effect on Compressive Strength of Concrete by Partial Replacement of Cement w...
Effect on Compressive Strength of Concrete by Partial Replacement of Cement w...Effect on Compressive Strength of Concrete by Partial Replacement of Cement w...
Effect on Compressive Strength of Concrete by Partial Replacement of Cement w...IRJET Journal
 
An Experimental Study on Structural Grade Concrete Using Multi Mineral Admixt...
An Experimental Study on Structural Grade Concrete Using Multi Mineral Admixt...An Experimental Study on Structural Grade Concrete Using Multi Mineral Admixt...
An Experimental Study on Structural Grade Concrete Using Multi Mineral Admixt...IJERD Editor
 

Similar a G1303065057 (20)

Effect of Superplasticizer and Silica Fume on Properties of Concrete
Effect of Superplasticizer and Silica Fume on Properties of ConcreteEffect of Superplasticizer and Silica Fume on Properties of Concrete
Effect of Superplasticizer and Silica Fume on Properties of Concrete
 
The Mechanical Properties of Concrete Incorporating Silica Fume as Partial Re...
The Mechanical Properties of Concrete Incorporating Silica Fume as Partial Re...The Mechanical Properties of Concrete Incorporating Silica Fume as Partial Re...
The Mechanical Properties of Concrete Incorporating Silica Fume as Partial Re...
 
9c54f85d-e0b6-4a6d-86e2-52aecc15e680.pdf
9c54f85d-e0b6-4a6d-86e2-52aecc15e680.pdf9c54f85d-e0b6-4a6d-86e2-52aecc15e680.pdf
9c54f85d-e0b6-4a6d-86e2-52aecc15e680.pdf
 
Scope of Producing Concrete by Replacing Cement with Marble Dust & Doping Sup...
Scope of Producing Concrete by Replacing Cement with Marble Dust & Doping Sup...Scope of Producing Concrete by Replacing Cement with Marble Dust & Doping Sup...
Scope of Producing Concrete by Replacing Cement with Marble Dust & Doping Sup...
 
H0413044048
H0413044048H0413044048
H0413044048
 
20120140506026
2012014050602620120140506026
20120140506026
 
SIFCON’S Behaviour On Partial Replacement of Cement with Waste Glass Powder
	SIFCON’S Behaviour On Partial Replacement of Cement with Waste Glass Powder	SIFCON’S Behaviour On Partial Replacement of Cement with Waste Glass Powder
SIFCON’S Behaviour On Partial Replacement of Cement with Waste Glass Powder
 
79201922
7920192279201922
79201922
 
E0255040045
E0255040045E0255040045
E0255040045
 
Effect of Steel Fiber on Alkali activated Fly Ash Concrete
Effect of Steel Fiber on Alkali activated Fly Ash ConcreteEffect of Steel Fiber on Alkali activated Fly Ash Concrete
Effect of Steel Fiber on Alkali activated Fly Ash Concrete
 
Mechanical and Physical Performance of Concrete Including Waste Electrical Ca...
Mechanical and Physical Performance of Concrete Including Waste Electrical Ca...Mechanical and Physical Performance of Concrete Including Waste Electrical Ca...
Mechanical and Physical Performance of Concrete Including Waste Electrical Ca...
 
STUDY ON COMBINATION OF HYPO SLUDGE AND SILICA FUME AS A PARTIAL REPLACEMENT ...
STUDY ON COMBINATION OF HYPO SLUDGE AND SILICA FUME AS A PARTIAL REPLACEMENT ...STUDY ON COMBINATION OF HYPO SLUDGE AND SILICA FUME AS A PARTIAL REPLACEMENT ...
STUDY ON COMBINATION OF HYPO SLUDGE AND SILICA FUME AS A PARTIAL REPLACEMENT ...
 
Effect of Severe Environmental Exposure on Properties of Geopolymer Concrete
Effect of Severe Environmental Exposure on Properties of Geopolymer ConcreteEffect of Severe Environmental Exposure on Properties of Geopolymer Concrete
Effect of Severe Environmental Exposure on Properties of Geopolymer Concrete
 
IRJET- Experimental Investigation on the Behaviour of Strength and Durability...
IRJET- Experimental Investigation on the Behaviour of Strength and Durability...IRJET- Experimental Investigation on the Behaviour of Strength and Durability...
IRJET- Experimental Investigation on the Behaviour of Strength and Durability...
 
Impact of Wood Ash, Silica Fume, and Calcium Oxide on the Compressive Strengt...
Impact of Wood Ash, Silica Fume, and Calcium Oxide on the Compressive Strengt...Impact of Wood Ash, Silica Fume, and Calcium Oxide on the Compressive Strengt...
Impact of Wood Ash, Silica Fume, and Calcium Oxide on the Compressive Strengt...
 
STRENGTH OF SILICA FUME CEMENT CONCRETE
STRENGTH OF SILICA FUME CEMENT CONCRETE STRENGTH OF SILICA FUME CEMENT CONCRETE
STRENGTH OF SILICA FUME CEMENT CONCRETE
 
Experimental Investigations of Mechanical properties on Micro silica (Silica ...
Experimental Investigations of Mechanical properties on Micro silica (Silica ...Experimental Investigations of Mechanical properties on Micro silica (Silica ...
Experimental Investigations of Mechanical properties on Micro silica (Silica ...
 
Effect on Compressive Strength of Concrete by Partial Replacement of Cement w...
Effect on Compressive Strength of Concrete by Partial Replacement of Cement w...Effect on Compressive Strength of Concrete by Partial Replacement of Cement w...
Effect on Compressive Strength of Concrete by Partial Replacement of Cement w...
 
F012312934
F012312934F012312934
F012312934
 
An Experimental Study on Structural Grade Concrete Using Multi Mineral Admixt...
An Experimental Study on Structural Grade Concrete Using Multi Mineral Admixt...An Experimental Study on Structural Grade Concrete Using Multi Mineral Admixt...
An Experimental Study on Structural Grade Concrete Using Multi Mineral Admixt...
 

Más de IOSR Journals (20)

A011140104
A011140104A011140104
A011140104
 
M0111397100
M0111397100M0111397100
M0111397100
 
L011138596
L011138596L011138596
L011138596
 
K011138084
K011138084K011138084
K011138084
 
J011137479
J011137479J011137479
J011137479
 
I011136673
I011136673I011136673
I011136673
 
G011134454
G011134454G011134454
G011134454
 
H011135565
H011135565H011135565
H011135565
 
F011134043
F011134043F011134043
F011134043
 
E011133639
E011133639E011133639
E011133639
 
D011132635
D011132635D011132635
D011132635
 
C011131925
C011131925C011131925
C011131925
 
B011130918
B011130918B011130918
B011130918
 
A011130108
A011130108A011130108
A011130108
 
I011125160
I011125160I011125160
I011125160
 
H011124050
H011124050H011124050
H011124050
 
G011123539
G011123539G011123539
G011123539
 
F011123134
F011123134F011123134
F011123134
 
E011122530
E011122530E011122530
E011122530
 
D011121524
D011121524D011121524
D011121524
 

Último

Crea il tuo assistente AI con lo Stregatto (open source python framework)
Crea il tuo assistente AI con lo Stregatto (open source python framework)Crea il tuo assistente AI con lo Stregatto (open source python framework)
Crea il tuo assistente AI con lo Stregatto (open source python framework)Commit University
 
UiPath Solutions Management Preview - Northern CA Chapter - March 22.pdf
UiPath Solutions Management Preview - Northern CA Chapter - March 22.pdfUiPath Solutions Management Preview - Northern CA Chapter - March 22.pdf
UiPath Solutions Management Preview - Northern CA Chapter - March 22.pdfDianaGray10
 
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 8
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 8UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 8
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 8DianaGray10
 
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 7
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 7UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 7
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 7DianaGray10
 
OpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability Adventure
OpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability AdventureOpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability Adventure
OpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability AdventureEric D. Schabell
 
Comparing Sidecar-less Service Mesh from Cilium and Istio
Comparing Sidecar-less Service Mesh from Cilium and IstioComparing Sidecar-less Service Mesh from Cilium and Istio
Comparing Sidecar-less Service Mesh from Cilium and IstioChristian Posta
 
UWB Technology for Enhanced Indoor and Outdoor Positioning in Physiological M...
UWB Technology for Enhanced Indoor and Outdoor Positioning in Physiological M...UWB Technology for Enhanced Indoor and Outdoor Positioning in Physiological M...
UWB Technology for Enhanced Indoor and Outdoor Positioning in Physiological M...UbiTrack UK
 
Linked Data in Production: Moving Beyond Ontologies
Linked Data in Production: Moving Beyond OntologiesLinked Data in Production: Moving Beyond Ontologies
Linked Data in Production: Moving Beyond OntologiesDavid Newbury
 
Videogame localization & technology_ how to enhance the power of translation.pdf
Videogame localization & technology_ how to enhance the power of translation.pdfVideogame localization & technology_ how to enhance the power of translation.pdf
Videogame localization & technology_ how to enhance the power of translation.pdfinfogdgmi
 
AI You Can Trust - Ensuring Success with Data Integrity Webinar
AI You Can Trust - Ensuring Success with Data Integrity WebinarAI You Can Trust - Ensuring Success with Data Integrity Webinar
AI You Can Trust - Ensuring Success with Data Integrity WebinarPrecisely
 
Secure your environment with UiPath and CyberArk technologies - Session 1
Secure your environment with UiPath and CyberArk technologies - Session 1Secure your environment with UiPath and CyberArk technologies - Session 1
Secure your environment with UiPath and CyberArk technologies - Session 1DianaGray10
 
Building AI-Driven Apps Using Semantic Kernel.pptx
Building AI-Driven Apps Using Semantic Kernel.pptxBuilding AI-Driven Apps Using Semantic Kernel.pptx
Building AI-Driven Apps Using Semantic Kernel.pptxUdaiappa Ramachandran
 
Connector Corner: Extending LLM automation use cases with UiPath GenAI connec...
Connector Corner: Extending LLM automation use cases with UiPath GenAI connec...Connector Corner: Extending LLM automation use cases with UiPath GenAI connec...
Connector Corner: Extending LLM automation use cases with UiPath GenAI connec...DianaGray10
 
20230202 - Introduction to tis-py
20230202 - Introduction to tis-py20230202 - Introduction to tis-py
20230202 - Introduction to tis-pyJamie (Taka) Wang
 
Using IESVE for Loads, Sizing and Heat Pump Modeling to Achieve Decarbonization
Using IESVE for Loads, Sizing and Heat Pump Modeling to Achieve DecarbonizationUsing IESVE for Loads, Sizing and Heat Pump Modeling to Achieve Decarbonization
Using IESVE for Loads, Sizing and Heat Pump Modeling to Achieve DecarbonizationIES VE
 
activity_diagram_combine_v4_20190827.pdfactivity_diagram_combine_v4_20190827.pdf
activity_diagram_combine_v4_20190827.pdfactivity_diagram_combine_v4_20190827.pdfactivity_diagram_combine_v4_20190827.pdfactivity_diagram_combine_v4_20190827.pdf
activity_diagram_combine_v4_20190827.pdfactivity_diagram_combine_v4_20190827.pdfJamie (Taka) Wang
 
How Accurate are Carbon Emissions Projections?
How Accurate are Carbon Emissions Projections?How Accurate are Carbon Emissions Projections?
How Accurate are Carbon Emissions Projections?IES VE
 
Cybersecurity Workshop #1.pptx
Cybersecurity Workshop #1.pptxCybersecurity Workshop #1.pptx
Cybersecurity Workshop #1.pptxGDSC PJATK
 
Nanopower In Semiconductor Industry.pdf
Nanopower  In Semiconductor Industry.pdfNanopower  In Semiconductor Industry.pdf
Nanopower In Semiconductor Industry.pdfPedro Manuel
 

Último (20)

Crea il tuo assistente AI con lo Stregatto (open source python framework)
Crea il tuo assistente AI con lo Stregatto (open source python framework)Crea il tuo assistente AI con lo Stregatto (open source python framework)
Crea il tuo assistente AI con lo Stregatto (open source python framework)
 
UiPath Solutions Management Preview - Northern CA Chapter - March 22.pdf
UiPath Solutions Management Preview - Northern CA Chapter - March 22.pdfUiPath Solutions Management Preview - Northern CA Chapter - March 22.pdf
UiPath Solutions Management Preview - Northern CA Chapter - March 22.pdf
 
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 8
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 8UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 8
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 8
 
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 7
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 7UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 7
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 7
 
OpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability Adventure
OpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability AdventureOpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability Adventure
OpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability Adventure
 
Comparing Sidecar-less Service Mesh from Cilium and Istio
Comparing Sidecar-less Service Mesh from Cilium and IstioComparing Sidecar-less Service Mesh from Cilium and Istio
Comparing Sidecar-less Service Mesh from Cilium and Istio
 
UWB Technology for Enhanced Indoor and Outdoor Positioning in Physiological M...
UWB Technology for Enhanced Indoor and Outdoor Positioning in Physiological M...UWB Technology for Enhanced Indoor and Outdoor Positioning in Physiological M...
UWB Technology for Enhanced Indoor and Outdoor Positioning in Physiological M...
 
Linked Data in Production: Moving Beyond Ontologies
Linked Data in Production: Moving Beyond OntologiesLinked Data in Production: Moving Beyond Ontologies
Linked Data in Production: Moving Beyond Ontologies
 
Videogame localization & technology_ how to enhance the power of translation.pdf
Videogame localization & technology_ how to enhance the power of translation.pdfVideogame localization & technology_ how to enhance the power of translation.pdf
Videogame localization & technology_ how to enhance the power of translation.pdf
 
AI You Can Trust - Ensuring Success with Data Integrity Webinar
AI You Can Trust - Ensuring Success with Data Integrity WebinarAI You Can Trust - Ensuring Success with Data Integrity Webinar
AI You Can Trust - Ensuring Success with Data Integrity Webinar
 
Secure your environment with UiPath and CyberArk technologies - Session 1
Secure your environment with UiPath and CyberArk technologies - Session 1Secure your environment with UiPath and CyberArk technologies - Session 1
Secure your environment with UiPath and CyberArk technologies - Session 1
 
Building AI-Driven Apps Using Semantic Kernel.pptx
Building AI-Driven Apps Using Semantic Kernel.pptxBuilding AI-Driven Apps Using Semantic Kernel.pptx
Building AI-Driven Apps Using Semantic Kernel.pptx
 
Connector Corner: Extending LLM automation use cases with UiPath GenAI connec...
Connector Corner: Extending LLM automation use cases with UiPath GenAI connec...Connector Corner: Extending LLM automation use cases with UiPath GenAI connec...
Connector Corner: Extending LLM automation use cases with UiPath GenAI connec...
 
20230202 - Introduction to tis-py
20230202 - Introduction to tis-py20230202 - Introduction to tis-py
20230202 - Introduction to tis-py
 
Using IESVE for Loads, Sizing and Heat Pump Modeling to Achieve Decarbonization
Using IESVE for Loads, Sizing and Heat Pump Modeling to Achieve DecarbonizationUsing IESVE for Loads, Sizing and Heat Pump Modeling to Achieve Decarbonization
Using IESVE for Loads, Sizing and Heat Pump Modeling to Achieve Decarbonization
 
activity_diagram_combine_v4_20190827.pdfactivity_diagram_combine_v4_20190827.pdf
activity_diagram_combine_v4_20190827.pdfactivity_diagram_combine_v4_20190827.pdfactivity_diagram_combine_v4_20190827.pdfactivity_diagram_combine_v4_20190827.pdf
activity_diagram_combine_v4_20190827.pdfactivity_diagram_combine_v4_20190827.pdf
 
How Accurate are Carbon Emissions Projections?
How Accurate are Carbon Emissions Projections?How Accurate are Carbon Emissions Projections?
How Accurate are Carbon Emissions Projections?
 
Cybersecurity Workshop #1.pptx
Cybersecurity Workshop #1.pptxCybersecurity Workshop #1.pptx
Cybersecurity Workshop #1.pptx
 
Nanopower In Semiconductor Industry.pdf
Nanopower  In Semiconductor Industry.pdfNanopower  In Semiconductor Industry.pdf
Nanopower In Semiconductor Industry.pdf
 
201610817 - edge part1
201610817 - edge part1201610817 - edge part1
201610817 - edge part1
 

G1303065057

  • 1. IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE) e-ISSN: 2278-1684,p-ISSN: 2320-334X, Volume 13, Issue 3 Ver. VI (May- Jun. 2016), PP 50-57 www.iosrjournals.org DOI: 10.9790/1684-1303065057 www.iosrjournals.org 50 | Page The Influence of Polypropylene Fiber and Silica Fume on Compressive and Tensile Strengths of Concrete K.I.M. Ibrahim Construction Engineering Dept., College of Engineering at Qunfudha , Umm-Al-Qura University- KSA on Sabbatical leave from higher Institute of Engineering and Technology of Kafr-EL-shiekh – Egypt Abstract: This paper investigates the effect of polypropylene fiber(PPF) and silica fume(SF) on the compressive and tensile strengths of concrete. Effects of key variables such as fiber and silica fume contents were studied. An experimental program was conducted to achieve the required objectives. The work focused on concrete mixes having a fixed water/binder ratio of 0.40 and a constant total binder content of 500kg/m3.the percentages of silica fume that replaced cement in this research were 0%,6%,12% and 18%. Polypropylene fiber with 19mm length and four volume fractions of 0%, 0.25%,0.5% and 0.75% are used. The results show that silica fume has great improvement on the compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of concrete. The increase of replacement levels of silica fume from 12% to 18% has not much significant change on the development of compressive and tensile strengths. The addition of polypropylene fibers caused an adverse effect on the compressive and tensile strengths of normal and silica fume concretes. Keywords: silica fume , polypropylene fibers ,compressive strength and tensile strength I. Introduction Silica fume consists of very fine particles about 100 times smaller than the average cement particles, the extreme fineness of the silica fume particles allows it to fill the microscopic voids between cement particles . Silica fume is among one of the most recent pozzolanic materials currently used in concrete. It was first used in 1969 in Norway but only began to be systematically employed in North America and Europe in the early 1980. Since then, the use of silica fume in concrete has been increasing rapidly , it has been used either as a partial replacement for cement or as an additive when special properties are desired [1]. The rapid increase in the use of silica fume is attributed to its positive effects on the mechanical properties of cementitious composites . During the last decade considerable attention has been given to the use of silica fume as a partial replacement of cement to produce high-strength concrete. the addition of silica fume to Portland cement concrete marginally decreased the workability of concrete but significantly improved its mechanical properties[2] . Bhanja et al. investigated the isolated effect of silica fume on concrete and suggested the optimum content of silica fume with regard to the compressive strength of concrete [3]. However, a lot of research achievements indicate that silica fume can cause the concrete to have a more brittle structure , and ductility improvement is an important goal in concrete science and must be taken into account by researchers .[4,5] Short fibers have been known and used for centuries to reinforced brittle materials like cement or masonry bricks . Now, there are numerous fiber types available for commercial use, the basic types being steel, glass, synthetic materials, and some natural fibers .[6-10] Because polypropylene fiber is a kind of man-made synthetic fiber with the properties of low modulus of elasticity, high strength, excellent ductility, excellent durability, and low price , many experimental works related to the use of polypropylene fibers in cement matrix composites have been published.[11-12] The effect of polypropylene fibers on the properties of hardened concrete varies depending on the type length and volume fraction of fiber, the mixture design, and the nature of the concrete materials used. The general results are that permeability, abrasion and impact resistance are all significantly improved by the addition of polypropylene fibers[13] The effect of polypropylene fibers on flexural, compressive and tensile strength as well as on toughness and elastic modulus is not quite clear. Most work shows either no effect or modest improvements in these properties. However, in some cases the addition of polypropylene fibers has been known to decrease the ultimate strength of hardened concrete. The use of PPF in natural pozzolanic cement concrete(NPC) combined with SF can be recommended to reduce long-term impact of early age cracking ,and enhance durability ,the combination of 10%SFand 0.07% PPF volumetric fraction mitigated early age cracking and significantly reduced water permeability and carbonation depth[14]. However, little information is presently known regarding the combined effect of polypropylene fiber and silica fume on the mechanical properties of concrete . Therefore, the present work investigates silica fume , and polypropylene fiber using an extensive range of mixes : silica fume (by mass) from 6% to 18 % , and polypropylene fiber (by volume) from 0.25% to 0.75% .
  • 2. The Influence of Polypropylene Fiber and Silica Fume on Compressive and Tensile Strengths of .. DOI: 10.9790/1684-1303065057 www.iosrjournals.org 51 | Page II. Materials Local materials were used in concrete mixes and tested according to Egyptian Standard Specification (ESS) and American Standard of Testing Materials (ASTM) . basalt as a coarse aggregate was used with maximum size 25mm and particle shape was approximately flaky .fine aggregate used in this research was natural sand and it composed mainly of siliceous material .Ordinary Portland Cement was tested to assure its compliance with ESS 373-1991.supper-plasticizer was added to keep the water binder ratio =0.40 with slump ranges from 6-10cm.PPF of 19mm length was used. A commercial silica fume was used for preparing the SF concretes. III. Concrete Mixes Proportion In all, 16 mixture proportions were made, and the first one was control mix (without SF and PPF ). There are three proportions of PPF mixed in concrete by volume ranged from 0.25% to 0.75% and three proportions with SF replacing the same quantity of cement by mass ranged from 6% to 18% . Another nine proportions were arranged with SF replacing the same quantity of cement by mass ranged from 6% to 18% with PPF mixed in concrete by volume ranged from 0.25% to 0.75% . Mix proportions are given in Table (1) . Table (1) : Concrete Mixes Proportion Super plasticizer (kg) Water (lit)Sand (m3 ) basalt (m3 ) Cement (kg/m3 ) SF contentPPF content % Mix No. Kg/m3 % 9.25 2000.400.80 5000001 9.25500000.252 9.5500000.503 9.5500000.754 9.2547030605 9.5440601206 9.5410901807 9.54703060.258 9.754703060.509 104703060.7510 9.544060120.2511 9.7544060120.5012 10.2544060120.7513 9.75410901802514 9.7541090180.5015 10.2541090180.7516 IV. Description Of Tested Specimens 48 cubes 15x15x15cm and 48 cylinders 15x30cm were cast for compressive strength and splitting tensile strength .Concrete was cast vertically in the forms ,and was mechanically compacted using external vibrator to ensure full compaction of concrete inside the forms. The specimens were tested by using 2000KN hydraulic compression machine . V. Test Results And Discussion Compressive strength Compressive strengths of concrete mixes were determined at 28 days of curing. The test results are given in Tables 2-7 and Figures 1-6. Table 2 and figure 1 show the variation of compressive strength of polypropylene fiber reinforced concrete( PPFRC). From the results , it can be seen that ,with the increase of fiber volume dosage, the compressive strength is decreasing gradually and the decrease is so great at the fiber volume dosage = 0.75%. Compared with the control mix ( without PPF and SF ) the decrease of compressive strength was 19.7 % , 24.6 % and25 % for 0.25% , 0.50% and 0.75% PPF volume dosage respectively. Table 3 and figure 2 show the variation of compressive strength of silica fume concrete( SFC )mixes , from the results it can be seen that ,the compressive strength increases with the increase of SF contents and the strengths of different SF contents are larger than that of control mix. Compared with the control mix, the compressive strength increases of about 12.82 % , 45.05 % and 22.95 % for SF contents 6% , 12% and 18% respectively. Silica fume acts as a filler due to its smaller particle size , and the pozzolanic reaction of the silica fume produces additional C-S-H gel , which grows into the capillary spaces that remain after the hydration of the cement in mortar mixes [15]. Therefore , it would appear that silica fume acts both physically (as filler) and chemically (reacting with Ca(OH)2 to form C-S-H) to aid in the strength improvement of mixes . Tables 4-6 and figures 3-5 show the variation of the compressive strength of PPFRC at the same ratio of SF contents. It was observed that with the increase of PPF contents, the compressive strength of SFC decreases. At SF content 6%, the compressive strength decreases with about 25%, 29% and 30% for PPF
  • 3. The Influence of Polypropylene Fiber and Silica Fume on Compressive and Tensile Strengths of .. DOI: 10.9790/1684-1303065057 www.iosrjournals.org 52 | Page contents 0.25%, 0.5% and 0.75% respectively as for SF content 12% the reduction was about 28%,39% and 41%, also for SF content 18% the reduction was about 22%, 32% and 33% respectively. Table (2): Results of compressive strength [kg/cm2] of PPFRC Compressive strength [kg/cm2 ]PPF content%SF content% 386.50 [control]00 310.20[-19.7%]0.250 291.25[-24.6%]0.500 287.10[-25.7%]0.750 Fig.(1) : the compressive strength (kg/cm2) of PPFRC Table (3): Results of compressive strength [kg/cm2] of SFC Compressive strength[kg/cm2 ]PPF content%SF content% 386.5 [control]00 436.05 [12.82%]06 560.6 [45.05%]012 475.2 [22.95%]018 Fig.(2) : the compressive strength (kg/cm2) of SFC Table (4): Results of compressive strength [kg/cm2] of PPFRC with SF content =6% Compressive strength[kg/cm2 ]PPF content%SF content% 436.05 [control]06 324.18 [-25.6%]0.256 308.40 [-29.3%]0.506 304.50 [-30.2%]0.756
  • 4. The Influence of Polypropylene Fiber and Silica Fume on Compressive and Tensile Strengths of .. DOI: 10.9790/1684-1303065057 www.iosrjournals.org 53 | Page Fig.(3) : the compressive strength (kg/cm2) of PPFRC with SF content 6% Table (5): Results of compressive strength [kg/cm2] of PPFRC with SF content =12% Compressive strength[kg/cm2 ]PPF content%SF content% 560.60 [control]012 399.86 [-28.7%]0.2512 337.96 [-39.7%]0.5012 327.90 [-41.5%]0.7512 Fig.(4) : the compressive strength (kg/cm2) of PPFRC with SF content 12% Table (6): Results of compressive strength [kg/cm2] of PPFRC with SF content =18% Compressive strength[kg/cm2 ]PPF content%SF content% 475.20 [control]018 369.20 [-22.3%]0.2518 321.57 [-32.3%]0.5018 315.20 [-33.7%]0.7518 Fig.(5) : the compressive strength (kg/cm2) of PPFRC with SF content 18%
  • 5. The Influence of Polypropylene Fiber and Silica Fume on Compressive and Tensile Strengths of .. DOI: 10.9790/1684-1303065057 www.iosrjournals.org 54 | Page Table (7): Summary of compressive strength results [kg/cm2] The compressive strength [kg/cm2 ] at SF contentPPF content% 18%12%6%0% 475.20 [22.95%]560.60 [45.05%]436.05[12.82%]386.50 [control]0 369.2 [19.02%]399.86 [28.90%]324.18 [4.51%]310.20 [control]0.25 321.57[10.41%]337.96 [16.04%]308.40 [5.89%]291.25 [control]0.50 315.2 [9.79%]327.9 [14.21%]304.50 [6.06%]287.10 [control]0.75 Fig.(6) : the compressive strength (kg/cm2) of all concrete mixes Splitting tensile strength Splitting tensile strengths of concrete mixes were determined at 28 days curing. The test results are given in Tables 8-13 and Figures 7-12. Table 8 and figure 7 show the variation of splitting tensile strength of PPFRC. From the results , it can be seen that ,with the increase of fiber volume dosage, the tensile strength is decreasing gradually . Compared with the control mix ( without PPF and SF ) the decrease of tensile strength were 10.3 % , 18.3 % and 15.85 % for 0.25% , 0.50% and 0.75% PPF volume dosage respectively. Table 9 and figure 8 show the variation of tensile strength of SFC mixes , from the results it can be seen that ,the tensile strength increases with the increase of SF contents and the strengths of different SF contents are larger than that of control mix. Compared with the control mix, the tensile strength increases of about 10.94 % , 24.53 % and 21.62 % for SF contents 6% , 12% and 18% respectively. Tables 10-12 and figures 9-11 show the variation of the compressive strength of PPFRC at the same ratio of SF content. It was observed that with increase of PPF content, the tensile strength of SFC decreases. At SF content 6%, the tensile strength decreases with about 9%, 15% and 15% for PPF content 0.25%, 0.5% and 0.75% respectively as for SF content 12% the reduction was about 18%,24% and 23%, also for SF content 18% was about 20%, 28% and 22% respectively. Table (8): Results of tensile strength [kg/cm2] of PPFRC Fig.(7) : the tensile strength (kg/cm2) of PPFRC Tensile strength[kg/cm2 ]PPF content%SF content% 37.1 [control]00 33.27 [-10.3%]0.250 30.32 [-18.3%]0.500 31.22 [-15.85%]0.750
  • 6. The Influence of Polypropylene Fiber and Silica Fume on Compressive and Tensile Strengths of .. DOI: 10.9790/1684-1303065057 www.iosrjournals.org 55 | Page Table (9) Results of tensile strength [kg/cm2] of SFC Tensile strength[kg/cm2 ]PPF content%SF content% 37.1 [control]00 41.16 [+10.94%]06 46.2 [+24.53%]012 45.12 [+21.62%]018 Fig.(8) : the tensile strength (kg/cm2) of SFC Table (10): Results of tensile strength [kg/cm2] of PPFRC with SF content =6% Tensile strength[kg/cm2 ]PPF content%SF content% 41.16 [control]06 37.2 [-9.62%]0.256 34.68 [-15.74%]0.506 34.76 [-15.55%]0.756 Fig.(9) : the tensile strength (kg/cm2) of PPFRC with SF content 6% Table (11): Results of tensile strength [kg/cm2] of PPFRC with SF content =12% Tensile strength[kg/cm2 ]PPF content%SF content% 46.2 [control]012 37.68 [-18.44%]0.2512 35.04 [-24.16%]0.5012 35.28 [-23.64%]0.7512 Fig.(10) : the tensile strength (kg/cm2) of PPFRC with SF content 12%
  • 7. The Influence of Polypropylene Fiber and Silica Fume on Compressive and Tensile Strengths of .. DOI: 10.9790/1684-1303065057 www.iosrjournals.org 56 | Page Table (12): Results of tensile strength [kg/cm2] of PPFRC with SF content =18% Tensile strength[kg/cm2 ]PPF content%SF content% 45.12 [control]018 36.12 [-19.95%]0.2518 32.28 [-28.46%]0.5018 35.04 [-22.34%]0.7518 Fig.(11) : the tensile strength (kg/cm2) of PPFRC with SF content 18% Table (13): Summary of tensile strength results [kg/cm2] The compressive strength [kg/cm2 ] at SF contentPPF content% 18%12%6%0% 45.12 [+21.62%]46.2 [+24.53%]41.16 [+10.94%]37.1 [control]0 36.12 [+8.57%]37.68 [+13.26%]37.2 [+11.81%]33.27 [control]0.25 32.28 [+6.46%]35.04 [+15.57%]34.68 [+14.38%]30.32 [control]0.50 35.04 [+12.24%]35.28 [+13%]34.76 [+11.34%]31.22 [control]0.75 Fig.(12) : the tensile strength (kg/cm2) of all concrete mixes VI. Conclusions This article reported experimental results of compressive strength and splitting tensile strength studies conducted on silica fume concrete composite reinforced with polypropylene fiber. The following conclusions can be drawn from the results presented in this article: 1. Silica fume appeared to have an adverse effect on the workability of fiber concrete.
  • 8. The Influence of Polypropylene Fiber and Silica Fume on Compressive and Tensile Strengths of .. DOI: 10.9790/1684-1303065057 www.iosrjournals.org 57 | Page 2. Silica fume has great improvement on the compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of concrete, the compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of concrete increase gradually with the increase of silica fume content. 3. The compressive strength increases with the increase in silica fume compared with normal concrete. The maximum increase in compressive strength was up to 12.82 %, 45.05 % and 22.95 % for 6% , 12% and 18% of silica fume replaced by cement re respectively. 4. The tensile strength increases with the increase in silica fume compared with normal concrete. The maximum increase in strength was up to 10.94 %, 24.53 % and 21.62 % for 6% , 12% and 18% of silica fume replaced by cement respectively. 5. The increase of replacement levels of silica fume from 12% to 18% has not much significant change on the development of compressive and tensile strengths. Therefore the optimum dosage of replacement of silica fume in the concrete in this study was considered 12%. 6. The addition of polypropylene fibers caused an adverse effect on the compressive and tensile strengths of normal and silica fume concretes. 7. However , the addition of polypropylene fibers resulted in a significant decrease in compressive strength than tensile strength. 8. It was observed that the decrease in compressive strength and tensile strength are directly proportional to the fiber content. References [1]. A.T.Houssam, E.Tahar, The influence of silica fume on the compressive strength of cement paste and mortar, Cement and Concrete Research, 25(1995) 1591-1602 . [2]. A.A.Almusallam, H.Beshr, M.Maslehuddin, O.S.B. Al-Amoudi Effect of silica fume on the mechanical properties of low quality coarse aggregate concrete, Cement and Concrete Composites. 26(2004) 891-900. [3]. S.Bhanja, B.Sengupta, S.K.Kaushik, P.Kumar , Optimum silica fume content and its mode of action on concrete , ACI Materials Journal, 101(2004) 327-328. [4]. Nili M and Afroughsabet V. Combined effect of silica fume and steel fibers on the impact resistance and mechanical properties of concrete . Int J Impact Eng 2010; 37: 879-886. [5]. Tanyildizi H. Effect of temperature carbon fibers , and silica fume on the mechanical properties of lightweight concretes. New Carbon Mater 2008; 339-344. [6]. Aktas M. The influence of hole diameter on residual stresses and plastic zone expansion in steel fiber- reinforced aluminum metal- matrix laminated composite plates under transverse loading J Reinf Plast Compos 2006; 25(11): 1149-1164. [7]. Arslan N and Ozben T. An elastic-plastic stress analysis of a woven reinforced steel fiber thermoplastic composite cantilever beam subjected to transverse uniform loads on the upper surface . J Reinf Plast Compos 2005; 24(14): 1493-1508. [8]. Ghugal YM and Deshmukh SB. Performance of alkali-resistant glass fiber reinforced concrete . J Reinf Plast Compos 2006;(6): 617-630. [9]. Kumutha R and Palanichamy MS. Investigation of reinforced concrete columns confined using glass fiber-reinforced polymers. J Reinf Plast Compos 2006; 25(16): 1669-1678. [10]. Mohan TP and Kanny K. Influence of nanoclay on rhe-ological and mechanical properties of short glass fiber-reinforced polypropylene composites. J Reinf Plast Compos 2011; 30(2): 152-160. [11]. Zhang P and Li QF. Experimental study on shrinkage properties of cement –stabilized macadam reinforced with polypropylene fiber. J Reinf Plast Compos 2010; 29(12) : 1851-1860. [12]. [Niu PF, Liu BY and Wei XM. Study on mechanical properties and thermal stability of polypropylene / hemp. [13]. Balaguru PN, Shah SP. Fiber reinforced cement composites .New York :McGraw-Hill, Inc. 1992 -367p. [14]. N. Flores Medina , G. Barluenga , F. Hemandez-Olivares Combined effect of polypropylene fibers and silica fume to improve the durability of concrete with natural pozzolans blended cement . Construction and Building Materials ,2015(96):556-566. [15]. Blanco F , Garcia MP , Ayala J , Mayoral G and Garcia MA. The effect of mechanically and chemically activated fly ashes on mortar properties. Fuel 2006; 85: 2018-2026.