Presented by IWMI's Luna Bharati, Senior Researcher-Hydrology Water Resources, at a high level policy dialog held in Kathmandu, Nepal, on April 27, 2016.

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A water-secure world
IWMI Nepal
April, 2016
Luna Bharati

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• Basin/National/Regional Level Projects
• Water Resources –Availability Use and Development
• Impact of Climate Change, Vulnerability and Adaptation
Strategies
• Basin Water Development, Sustainability and Tradeoffs
• Governance and Institutions and Policies
• Watershed/Farm Level Projects
• Supply: Understanding Watershed Surface and
Groundwater Hydrology
• Demand: Distribution and Water Use
• Management Aspects: Collective Action
• Understanding Socio-economic Access/ Constraints
(Gender, Ethnicity, Class, Caste)
IWMI-Nepal

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Research Highlights: Koshi Basin Project (2010-2015)
• Koshi Basin (87,311 km2): Transboundary basin
China/Tibet (28,300 km2) : 5 districts
Nepal (39,407 km2): 27 districts
India (19,604 km2): 11 districts
• Funding: Canadian International Development
Agency (CIDA), CGIAR Research Program on
Climate Change and Food Security (CCAFS),
International Center for Integrated Mountain
Development (ICIMOD), CGIAR Program for
WATER Land and Ecosystems (WLE), World
Bank (WB)

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Koshi Water Balance (1998-2008)

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CC Analysis

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Total water storage
potential is 8382 MCM
Water demand under Baseline scenario
Demands and Flow Winter
Pre-
monsoon
Monsoon
Post-
monsoon
Annual
Baseline
Flow (m3
/s) 39 166 699 144 262
Domestic demand (MCM) 386 395 524 262 1566 (6 %)
Agricultural demand (MCM) 1890 6608 13489 2009 23996 (92 %)
Industrial demand (MCM) 105 107 142 71 424 (2 %)
Demand (MCM) 2380 7110 14154 2342 25986
Unmet demand (MCM) 273 370 0 17 660

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Total annual volume
of water flowing into
India = 57405 MCM
Total annual volume
of water flowing into
India = 55138 MCM
Base Case : Year 2000 Case 1: Irrigated area = Irrigable area
Case 2: Hydropower generation + E-flows (B)
Total annual volume
of water flowing into
India = 56837 MCM

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8
Perceived impacts
In Koshi basin
floodplains, flooding as
main problem
In Koshi basin, drought
as a problem

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9
Adaptation Practices and Constraints
•Limited number of structural and non-structural adaptation
measures in practice
•Several factors constrain adaption practices:
•Financial,
•Technical knowledge,
•Lack of awareness,
•Lack of collective action,
•Property rights, and
•Ineffective role of state agencies

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NEP- BCRWME : Building Climate Resilience of Watersheds in Mountain
Eco-Regions, Nepal
ce of Watersheds in Mountain Eco-Regions, Nepal Building Climate Resilience of
Watersheds in Mountain Eco-Regions, Nepal
Purpose:
• Identify and prioritize sub-basins/watersheds in the mid-
hills and mountains of Nepal that are significantly
vulnerable to Climate Change (CC)
• Understand the hydro-geological system of small upland
watersheds
• Assess the impact of watershed management
interventions in increasing the reliability and availability
of water from spring sources under changing climate
conditions
• Advise and provide recommendations to the government
and other INGOs and donors on designing watershed
interventions esp. focused on spring-shed management
Funding: NDF/ADB

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Combined/Multiple adaptation capability map
Combined risk/exposure map
Combined/multiple sensitivity map
Combined sensitivity index
(0.3)
Combined risk exposure
index (0.3)
Combined adaptation capability
index (0.4)
Combined/multiple
vulnerability index

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BCRWME Phase 1:Combined/multiple vulnerability map of watersheds
in Middle and High Mountain regions
Combined sensitivity index
(0.3)
Combined risk exposure
index (0.3)
Combined adaptation capability
index (0.4)
Combined/multiple
vulnerability index

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Current Project: SUSTAINABLE, JUST AND PRODUCTIVE WATER
RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT IN WESTERN NEPAL UNDER
CURRENT AND FUTURE CONDITIONS
Scope:
• Assess sustainable water resources development in
Western Nepal through balancing economic growth,
social justice and healthy, resilient ecosystems
(Water Security).
• Research and assessments will be conducted using
a two tiered approach i.e. at the basin/regional level
and at local level.
• Funding: USAID

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Thank you