Vector Databases 101 - An introduction to the world of Vector Databases
gogreen
1. TEAM NAME :
GO GREENGO GREEN
TEAM CO ORDINATOR:
Sandeep Kapalawai
Team member :1
Balasubramaniyan
Team member -2:
Anvesh beeravelli
Team member -3:
Rajkumar Bitla
Team member-4:
Praneeth
2. The next WORLD WAR will be over WATER
Drinking water supply and sanitation in India continue to be inadequate, despite longstanding efforts by the various
levels of government and communities at improving coverage. The level of investment in water and sanitation, albeit
low by international standards, has increased during the 2000s. Access has also increased significantly. For
example, in 1980 rural sanitation coverage was estimated at 1% and reached 21% in 2008.Also, the share of Indians
with access to improved sources of water has increased significantly from 72% in 1990 to 88% in 2008.[At the same
time, local government institutions in charge of operating and maintaining the infrastructure are seen as weak and
lack the financial resources to carry out their functions. In addition, only two Indian cities have continuous water
supply and an estimated 69% of Indians still lack access to improved sanitation facilities.
3. Is There Really A Water Crisis?
1. Over 1 billion people lack access to safe water
2. 2 out of 3 people will be living with water shortages by 2025
3. Half of the world's wetlands have been lost since 1900.
4. The basis for most projections for future conflicts is that with the growth of demand, the decline in freshwater
availability , and the adverse health effects from poor water quality, scarcity will result in violence and water wars.
YES
Global water supply coverage(%) Global sanitation
95
66
79
94
71
82
0
20
40
60
80
100
Urban water
supply
Rulal water
supply
Total water
supply
Global water supply coverage(%)
1990 2000
82
35
55
86
38
60
0
20
40
60
80
100
Urban
sanitation
Rulal
sanitation
Total
sanitation
Global sanitation
coverage(%)
1990 2000
( Global Water Supply and Sanitation Assessment 2000 Report: : WHO and UNICEF, 2000)
4. The global situation
Regional distribution of global population not served with improved water supply and improved sanitation
63%
28%
7%
2%
Water Supply
Asia
Africa
80%
13%
5%2%
Sanitation
Asia Africa Latin America and the Caribbean Europe
Global Water Supply and Sanitation Assessment 2000 Report: : WHO and UNICEF, 2000)
5. The global situation
• Less than 3% of the world’s water is
fresh – the rest is seawater and
undrinkable.
• Of this 3% over 2.5% is frozen, locked
up in Antarctica, the Arctic and
glaciers, and not available to man.
• Thus humanity must rely on this 0.5%
for all of man’s and ecosystem’s fresh
water needs.
>(Safe Drinking Water)
Halve, by the year 2015, the
proportion of people without
access to safe drinking water
(reaffirmation of Millennium
Development Goal)
Some Examples
The Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) for all Initiative :
WSSCC
Dialogue on Effective Water Governance : GWP, UNDP
Establishment of networking partnership for sharing knowledge
and cooperation through the activities of the 3 rd World Water
Forum:Secretariat of WWF3
KEY ISSUES
1. Planning at country level to achieve the target
2. Providing safe drinking water supply
3. Maintenance of existing systems
4. Capacity building
6. TheIndiansituation
PM's Independence Day Speech, 2009
India has 16 % of the world’s population
and 4% of its fresh water resources.
Water availability(Rank):
Weighted average: 14.0 thousand
cubic metres
# 1 Iceland: 294.34 thousand cubic
metres
Severe water stress:
Weighted average: 25.5 %
#1 Israel:
100 %
# 23 India:
Dr Manmohan Singh, said:
“Climate change is
threatening our ecosystems;
water scarcity is becoming a
way of life and pollution is a
growing threat to our health
and habitat.”
metres
# 47 USA: 7.09 thousand cms
# 68 UK: 3.1 thousand cms
# 89 China: 1.72 thousand cms
# 93 India: 1.56 thousand
cubic metres
# 141 Botswana: -7.46
thousand cubic metres
# 23 India:
80.2 %
# 36 China:
44.7 %
# 42 United States:
31.3 %
# 51 United Kingdom: 21 %
7. TheIndiansituation
• Groundwater is the major source of water in our country with
85% of the population dependent.
• Groundwater water table decline - 33 centimeters per year.
• Groundwater [Depleted]
• Surface water [Polluted]
• Rainfall [Wasted]
• Population [ ]
• Demand [ ]
• Consumption [ ]
SCARCITY
•Industrial Growth [ ]
• Economy-Industry [ ]
• Water Business[ ]
• Agriculture [ ]
• Health & Environment[ ]
• Future [ ? ]
10. Challenges
Government
• Inefficient Government – State construction
• Lack of integrated water management
• Inadequate enforcement of environment legislation relating to water
• Insufficient facilities for waste water treatment
• India’s rivers carry 90% of the water during the period from
June to November, but only 10% is available during the other
six months.
• Biofuel threatens India’s water supply.
• 161 of out of approximately 600 districts in India have
been declared drought.
• At least 45% of India's land area is degraded.
• 90% of the sewage generated by municipal councils
and over 50% of sewage discharged by municipal• Insufficient facilities for waste water treatment
• Insufficient local technological research on water
•
•Wasting Water
•Polluting Water
Public
and over 50% of sewage discharged by municipal
corporations goes untreated
Overview of the major problems:
Drinking Water
• Inadequate and intermittent supply of drinking water
• Metallic and bacterial pollution of water
• Inadequate piped water supply in rural areas and some urban
slum areas
• Loss of water in transmission (distribution) and storage
• Lack of financial resources for improvements
15. Importance of Sanitation
Key Targets
- WSSD Plan of Implementation -
Prevents pest infestation
Kills bacteria already present
Reduces potential for cross contamination
Can help increase shelf life WATER SANITATION FOOD SANITATION
Most Indians depend on on-site sanitation facilities.
Recently, access to on-site sanitation have increased
in both rural and urban areas. In rural areas, total
sanitation has been successful (see below). In urban
areas, a good practice is the Slum Sanitation Program
in Mumbai that has provided access to sanitation for
a quarter million slum dwellers.[
Can help increase shelf life
Minimizes chance for injury
Prevents pest infestation
Kills bacteria already present
Reduces potential for cross contamination
Can help increase shelf life
Minimizes chance for injury
Helps create a more pleasant work environment
Helps create a more pleasant work environment
WATER SANITATION
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLY MUST BE-
SAFE
REASONABLY SOFT
PLENTIFUL
CHEAP
FOOD SANITATION
3 ENEMIES OF FOOD STORAGE:
HIGH TEMPERATURE
HIGH HUMIDITY
CONTAMINATION BY STRONG ODORS
16. MILK SANITATION
STERILIZATION- The application of high temperature for the
purpose of destroying all types of microorganisms.
PASTEURIZATION- The application of heat to milk for the purpose
of destroying pathogenic microorganisms with minimum injury to
the substance
HOUSING SANITATION
CHARACTERISTICS OF AN ACCEPTABLE HOUSE
ADEQUATE SPACE: AT LEAST 50 SQ.FT./PERSON FOR BEDROOM
ADEQUATE LIGHTING: AT LEAST 100 FT.CANDLES FOR READING
Integrate Sanitation into Water resources
Management as well as Water Pollution Prevention
ADEQUATE LIGHTING: AT LEAST 100 FT.CANDLES FOR READING
ADEQUATE WATER SUPPLY: 15-20 GALLONS PER CAPITA PER DAY
HUMAN
Nature
Safe Drinking Water and
Other Domestic Water
Sanitation for Black /
Gray Water
Agriculture, Industry and Other Water
17. REFERENCES:
1)Global Water Supply and Sanitation Assessment 2000 Report: : WHO and
UNICEF, 2000
2)WIKIPEDIA
3)WATER .ORG
4) Sorce http://www.healthissuesindia.com
5) National Water Commission:Corporate Profile
6) Water Resource Authority
