Linings 101
Choosing Failure Prevention Over Failure Analysis

Agenda
1. Introduction, Setting the Stage & Purpose
2. Linings 101
• Components for a successful Tank Linings Project
• Tank Lining Selection
• Comparison of Generic Product Type Performance
3. Choosing your Linings Solution Provider
4. Questions

International Paint
M&PC Key Facts
28%
26%
46%
EMEA Americas Asia Pacific
2012
• Revenue $2.07 billion
• 5,500 employees in 60 countries
• Strong brands
• Balanced portfolio not dependent on
any one sector
Worldwide Market Positions
• Marine 1
• Protective Coatings 1
• Yacht 1
U.S. H.Q.: Houston, Texas
U.S. Manufacturing:
Houston, Cleveland, Ohio and New
Jersey.
5 Linings Brands:
Ceilcote, Devoe, Enviroline, Internat
ional, Polibrid

Setting the Stage
• The Linings is coming off in Sheets and has Shut Down
Production at a cost of $1mm per day!
• The Low Bid Contractor is Out of Business and can’t be
found!
• The contractor used his recommended “generic” equal
epoxy lining!
• Independent Q.C. was cancelled to save money!
• Your Company wants Answers!
• Independent Test Lab wants $125,000 to do a failure
analysis and it will take 7-10 days.

Purpose
Share Information that will help you have a tank linings project that is:
• Done Safely, Correctly and Environmental Compliant
• On Schedule
• Within Budget and No Extras Costs
• Meets Expectations
• Share Failure Prevention Engineering Steps; Eliminate Failure Analysis Nightmare

Linings 101 – Begin with The End in Mind
Components of a Successful Linings Project
6Marine & Protective Coatings
1. Why Use Linings
2. 5 Phases to a project
3. Your Team
4. Lining Selection Considerations
5. Generic Product Type Performance

Why Use Linings?
Corrosion protection
• Crude oil tanks: bottom and 3 feet up the side
• Corrosive chemicals (e.g. aqueous): Whole tank
• Secondary Containment needs to meet EPA requirements
• Concrete Chemical Attack
Protection of Product Purity
• Finished products: Line whole tank to prevent contamination with e.g. rust particles
Materials Integrity
• Some chemicals e.g. ethanol, may cause stress corrosion cracking of welds
 line whole tank

5 Phases of a Successful Linings Project
Begin with the End in Mind
1
2
34
5
1.Safety Review Phase
2.Design
Out, Selecting Your
Team, Specification
Development, Quality
Assurance and Budget
Phase
3.Pre-Bid and Bid
Evaluation Phase
4.Award , Project Action
and Quality Control Phase
5.Anniversary
Inspection Phase
(Access cost should
be included in bid)

Your Project Team & Responsibilities
Internal Owner / Specifier:
The Hammer. Strong Owner = Good Job
Linings Solution Provider:
Your trusted partner.
Contractor:
Budget Developer and job executer.
3rd Party Q.C. Inspector:
Your guardian that must be empowered.

Lining Selection:
Considerations
• Cargo pH and Temperature
• Upset conditions – frequency, duration temp and
concentration spikes
• Agitation of cargo
• Abrasion Potential
• Temperature during loading and storage
• Purity
• Cleaning or disinfection methods used on the
lining (often overlooked)
• Absorption or desorption qualities of lining
materials
• Loading and unloading methods of cargo
• Health & Safety Issues
(Federal/State/Local/Facility)
• Accessibility
• Service requirements
(Environment/Temperature/Aesthetics/Corrosion
Protection)
• Cost (Job cost/life cycle cost)
• Time duration (requirements for throughput of
job)
• Internal Expectations
• Chemical composition of cargo stored.
Dedicated Cargo Tank or Multi-Cargo Tank?
• Cargo Operating Temperature
• Substrate: Steel, Concrete or something else
• Condition of the substrate: New or Old
(Condition A, B, C, or D for Steel)
There’s Much to Consider!

Product Chemistry
General Comparison of Chemical
Resistance vs. Product Type
Epoxy
Phenolic Epoxy
Novolac Epoxy
Polycyclamine cured
Novolac Epoxy
Vinyl Ester
Novolac Vinyl Ester
Chemical
Resistance
Technology

Product Chemistry to Meet Your Needs
Water/
waste
water
Solvents Caustics Mineral
acids
Organic
acids
Vegetable
oils/fatty
acids
Epoxy
 ±  X X X
Phenolic
Epoxy
 ±  ± X ±
Novolac epoxy
   ± ± 
Polycyclamine
cured Novolac     ± 
Vinyl ester
 ± ±   
Novolac Vinyl
Ester  ± ±   
 = generally
suitable
= sometimes
suitable
X = generally
unsuitable

3. Why International Paint
13Marine & Protective Coatings

Why International Paint
Because We Have…..
The Products 173
Experienced Technical People 255 Years
Dedicated Linings Team 105 Years
Dedicated Technical Sales Support 82 Years
World Class Testing Labs
All Leading to Linings Solutions
By a coatings manufacturer with 17 production sites world wide.
Presence in 60 countries.

Why International Paint – Safety
15Marine & Protective Coatings
Monthly Regional Safety Meetings
13 Annual and Multi Year Training Modules
• Confined Space Entry
• Personal Protective Equipment
• Hearing Protection
• Lock Out / Tag Out
Behind the Wheel Driving Courses
Monthly Near Miss Reports
Behavior Based Safety

Ceilcote Devchem
Devchem Interline Envi
Enviroline Ceilcote Devch
Interline Devchem Ceilcote
Ceilcote Devchem Interline Env
Devmat Interline Enviroline Cei
Enviroline Ceilcote Devchem Inte
Interline Devchem Ceilcote Envir
Ceilcote Enviroline Interline Envi
Devchem Interline Enviroline Cei
Enviroline Ceilcote Devchem Inter
As Complete a Protective Umbrella as
Exists in the Industry
Anode
Cathode
Electrolyte
Metallic Pathway

Questions?
http://info.international-pc.com/linings