2. Artificial intelligence
Artificial intelligence (AI) is intelligence demonstrated by machines.
unlike the natural intelligence displayed by humans and animals, which involves consciousness and
emotionality.
Artificial intelligence is of two words one is Artificial and second is intelligence , artificial means
manmade and intelligence means the capacity of thinking, So we can define the artificial intelligence the
branch of computer science by which we can develop intelligent machines who can behave like human,
think like human and make decisions as per the logic program in memory.
AI refers to the similarity of human intelligence in machines that are programmed to think like humans
and copy their steps. This term is mainly use to solve the problem like human being. AI is a method in
which we program the machine to work like a human example, driving cars etc.
Artificial intelligence (AI), the ability of a computer or computer- controlled robot to complete the tasks
mainly associated with intelligent beings.
3. Need for Artificial Intelligence
It might be easier to state what part of our modern society artificial intelligence
(AI) hasn’t touched to show how important it is to our daily lives, business
operations and society. Intelligence machines are influencing nearly every facet of
our lives to help improve efficiencies and augment our human capabilities. AI is so
intertwined in all that we do; it's hard to imagine living life without it.
AI is a central tenet for the disruptive changes of the 4th Industrial Revolution; a
revolution that will likely challenge our ideas about what it means to be a human
and just might be more transformative than any other industrial revolution we
have seen yet.
4. Advantages and disadvantages of Artificial
Intelligence
Advantages:
By using Artificial intelligence human works can be reduce, by replacing peoples by machines, people
can do others works.
programming , self-writing , self modifying etc by these works man feels burden on humans.
The artificial intelligence is like a cheap labor, and by using this labor our work will be fast and the
profit will be increased.
Artificial intelligence can be deployed easily.
Machines not required refreshments and breaks as like human beings.
The machines can be re-programmed for work for long time without getting bored or getting tired.
The science of robotics and artificial intelligence can be deploy into mining and other fuel
exploration process by this we can save human life because human can make new robots but we
cant make that human.
Artificial intelligence can be deployed at industries and companies.
5. Advantages and disadvantages of Artificial
Intelligence
The “human error” this phrase was born because humans are mistaking from time
to time. Computers, however, don't make these mistakes if they're programmed
properly. With AI , the choices are taken from the previously gathered information
applying a particular set of algorithms. So errors are reduced and therefore the
chance of reaching accuracy with a greater degree of precision may be a
possibility.
In our day-to-day work, we'll be performing many repetitive works like sending a
thanking mail, verifying certain documents for errors and lots of more things.
Using AI we'll productively automate these mundane tasks and should even
remove “boring” tasks for humans and free them up to be increasingly creative.
6. Advantages and disadvantages of Artificial
Intelligence
Disadvantages:
Not easy to develop the machines because the equipment are also expensive.
Can cost tons of cash and time to create , rebuild, and repair. Robotic repair can occur to scale back time and
humans wanting to fix it, but that'll cost extra money and resources.
Robots, with them replacing jobs, can cause severe unemployment, unless if humans can fix the
unemployment
with jobs AI can't do or severely change the govt to communism.
Machines can easily cause destruction, if put within the incorrect hands. That is, a minimum of a fear of the
various humans.
AI is making humans lazy with its applications automating the bulk of the work. Humans tend to urge hooked
into these inventions which may cause a drag to future generations.
As AI is replacing the majority of the repetitive tasks and other works with robots, human interference is
becoming less which may cause a significant problem within the utilization standards. Every organization is
looking to exchange the minimum qualified individuals with AI robots which may do similar work with more
efficiency.
7. Advantages and disadvantages of Artificial
Intelligence
There is little question that machines are far better when it involves working
efficiently but they can't replace the human connection that creates the team.
Machines cannot develop a bond with humans which is an important attribute
when involves Team Management.
Machines can perform only those tasks which they're designed or programmed to
try to , anything out of that they have a tendency to crash or give irrelevant
outputs which might be a serious backdrop.
9. Levels of AI
Furthermore, based on the level of intelligence exhibited by a machine AI can be
categorized into three different levels. As per the theoretical aspects, AI is
categorized into the following levels:
1. Artificial Narrow Intelligence (ANI)
2. Artificial General Intelligence (AGI)
3. Artificial Super Intelligence (ASI)
10. Levels of AI
Artificial Narrow Intelligence (ANI)
Artificial Narrow intelligence is also referred to as weak AI. These are the AI-based systems trained for
performing a single narrow task. These machines have narrow capabilities restricted to certain specific tasks.
These are the exclusive AI-based solutions available today. Most of the machines currently work on Narrow
AI. Chatbots and virtual assistants are all based on machine intelligence with natural language processing
capabilities (NLP). By recognizing human speech these machines are trained to converse with human beings
using a natural and a personalized way.
Narrow AI machines are today being used for diagnosing cancer and treating other related illnesses. These
machines have precision and cognition similar to that of humans and are able to accord medical professionals
an improved accuracy.
Examples
– Machines for Speech Recognition.
– Machines that only work on voice commands to perform certain actions, such as Google Assistant,
Alexa, Cortana.
11. Levels of AI
Artificial General Intelligence (AGI)
Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) machines exhibit generalized cognitive abilities of human beings. This
type of AI is competent enough to work like humans. Currently, AGI is still at a nascent stage. Apart from
exhibiting human-like capabilities, these machines will be far better when it comes to intensive calculations.
Combining human intelligence along with advantages that machines have over humans, AGI will be able to
serve the perfect purpose. However, the technology will take time to arrive as these machines would be
based on human brain functionality which is yet to be studied comprehensively. Moreover, the capabilities
of AGI systems would be boosted to a level beyond human abilities so that they become competent to
process data at an incredible speed.
Some of the properties of AGI machines include: Recognition, Recall, Hypothesis testing, Imagination,
Analogy, Implication.
Examples
– AlphaGo, a computer program for playing board game Go. The intelligence of this machine can be
extended to be applied to other fields.
12. Levels of AI
Artificial Super Intelligence (ASI)
Artificial Super Intelligence (ASI) commonly known as super-intelligence is a thing of the future. Currently, it
is a hypothetical concept believed to surpass human intelligence. ASI technology is likely to remove the
distinction between human intelligence and machines. ASI machines will be able to perform extraordinary
things that only humans are capable of. They will be competent in decision making, art, and even emotional
relationships. In fact, ASI machines will surpass the level of intelligence shown by human beings. However,
some believe that humans have not yet achieved proficiency in emotional relationships and effective
decision making. Thus, it can be said that in the next few years artificial super intelligence will excel in areas
where humans have become unsuccessful.
13. Types of AI
Reactive Machines
These are the oldest forms of AI systems that have extremely limited capability. They
emulate the human mind’s ability to respond to different kinds of stimuli. These
machines do not have memory-based functionality. This means such machines cannot
use previously gained experiences to inform their present actions, i.e., these machines
do not have the ability to “learn.” These machines could only be used for
automatically responding to a limited set or combination of inputs. They cannot be
used to rely on memory to improve their operations based on the same. A popular
example of a reactive AI machine is IBM’s Deep Blue, a machine that beat chess
Grandmaster Garry Kasparov in 1997.
14. Types of AI
Limited Memory
Limited memory machines are machines that, in addition to having the capabilities of purely
reactive machines, are also capable of learning from historical data to make decisions. Nearly
all existing applications that we know of come under this category of AI. All present-day AI
systems, such as those using deep learning, are trained by large volumes of training data that
they store in their memory to form a reference model for solving future problems. For
instance, an image recognition AI is trained using thousands of pictures and their labels to
teach it to name objects it scans. When an image is scanned by such an AI, it uses the training
images as references to understand the contents of the image presented to it, and based on
its “learning experience” it labels new images with increasing accuracy.
Almost all present-day AI applications, from chatbots and virtual assistants to self-driving
vehicles are all driven by limited memory AI.
15. Types of AI
Theory of Mind
While the previous two types of AI have been and are found in abundance, the next two types of AI
exist, for now, either as a concept or a work in progress. Theory of mind AI is the next level of AI
systems that researchers are currently engaged in innovating. A theory of mind level AI will be able to
better understand the entities it is interacting with by discerning their needs, emotions, beliefs, and
thought processes. While artificial emotional intelligence is already a budding industry and an area of
interest for leading AI researchers, achieving Theory of mind level of AI will require development in
other branches of AI as well. This is because to truly understand human needs, AI machines will have
to perceive humans as individuals whose minds can be shaped by multiple factors, essentially
“understanding” humans.
16. Types of AI
Self-aware
This is the final stage of AI development which currently exists only hypothetically. Self-aware AI, which, self
explanatorily, is an AI that has evolved to be so akin to the human brain that it has developed self-awareness.
Creating this type of Ai, which is decades, if not centuries away from materializing, is and will always be the
ultimate objective of all AI research. This type of AI will not only be able to understand and evoke emotions in
those it interacts with, but also have emotions, needs, beliefs, and potentially desires of its own. And this is
the type of AI that doomsayers of the technology are wary of. Although the development of self-aware can
potentially boost our progress as a civilization by leaps and bounds, it can also potentially lead to
catastrophe. This is because once self-aware, the AI would be capable of having ideas like self-preservation
which may directly or indirectly spell the end for humanity, as such an entity could easily outmaneuver the
intellect of any human being and plot elaborate schemes to take over humanity.
The alternate system of classification that is more generally used in tech parlance is the classification of the
technology into Artificial Narrow Intelligence (ANI), Artificial General Intelligence (AGI), and Artificial
Superintelligence (ASI).
17. Influences of artificial intelligence
Everyday Influences of Artificial Intelligence
Many everyday influences of artificial intelligence are altering the way our daily lives
look. If someone from the 1950s travelled through time and arrived in 2019, they would
marvel at the way we use our smartphones to navigate around town, how virtual digital
assistants such as Alexa and Cortana respond to our queries and would be baffled by
our addiction to social media channels such as Facebook, Instagram and Twitter. What is
now normal to us and powered by AI, would be utterly foreign to our friend from the
past. There's no doubt that artificial intelligence is an integral part of our daily lives.
Our financial institutions, legal institutions, media companies and insurance companies
are all figuring out ways to use artificial intelligence to their advantage. From fraud
detection to writing news storeys with natural language processing and reviewing law
briefs, AI’s reach is extensive.
18. Influences of artificial intelligence
Artificial Intelligence Influences Business
As business leaders and innovators race to reach the promise of artificial intelligence to deliver a
competitive advantage as well as cost and time savings, the technology is altering industries from finance
to manufacturing with new products, processes and capabilities.
Companies such as 150-year-old Heineken are using AI, the vast amount of data they collect and the
Internet of Things to drive marketing decisions and initiatives, improve operations and customer service.
From managing global supply chains to optimising delivery routes, artificial intelligence is helping
companies of all sizes and in all industries improve productivity and the bottom line at every stage of the
business lifecycle from sourcing material to sales and accounting to customer service. It's allowing
companies to design, produce and deliver products and service better than ever before.
19. Applications of AI
AI In Marketing
AI In Banking
AI In Finance
AI In Agriculture
AI In HealthCare
AI In Gaming
AI In Space Exploration
AI In Autonomous Vehicles
AI In Chatbots
AI In Artificial Creativity
20. AI tools and platforms/frameworks
has facilitated the processing of a large amount of data and its use in the industry. The number of tools and frameworks available to data scientists and
developers has increased with the growth of AI and ML. This article on Artificial Intelligence Tools & Frameworks will list out some of these in the following
sequence:
https://www.edureka.co/blog/top-12-artificial-intelligence-tools/
Scikit Learn
TensorFlow
Theano
Caffe
MxNet
Keras
PyTorch
CNTK
Auto ML
OpenNN
H20: Open Source AI Platform
Google ML Kit
21. Sample of AI application
Manufacturing robots
Self-driving cars
Smart assistants
Proactive healthcare management
Disease mapping
Automated financial investing
Virtual travel booking agent
Social media monitoring
Inter-team chat tool
Conversational marketing bot
Natural Language Processing (NLP) tools
22. References
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence
https://bernardmarr.com/default.asp?contentID=1829
Mr. Sachin Bhbosale1, Mr. Vinayak Pujari2,Mr. Zameer Multani3 “Advantages And Disadvantages
Of Artificial Intellegence,” National Seminar on “Trends in Geography, Commerce, IT And
Sustainable Development”, Organizer :- I. C. S. College, Khed
https://sitn.hms.harvard.edu/flash/2017/history-artificial-intelligence/
https://newgenapps.com/blog/3-levels-of-artificial-intelligence/
https://www.forbes.com/sites/cognitiveworld/2019/06/19/7-types-of-artificial-
intelligence/?sh=270693ff233e
https://www.edureka.co/blog/artificial-intelligence-applications/
https://builtin.com/artificial-intelligence/examples-ai-in-industry
