Learn how to Manage Aircraft Records

Presenter
Jeanette Erazo
InternationalAviationTeam
Aircraft Records Training
W e T h i n k G l o b a l
333 Las Olas Way,CU1 Fort Lauderdale, FL 33301 · 954.802.5685 · jeanette@iatinc.org

2 of 29Aircraft Records Training This document is the Property of International Aviation Team. Reproduction is prohibited.
Table of Contents
Abbreviations..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................4
1 Introduction to Aircraft Records...........................................................................................................................................................................................5
2 Aircraft Certification.............................................................................................................................................................................................................6
3 Standard Airworthiness Certificate........................................................................................................................................................................................7
4 Certificate of Registration.....................................................................................................................................................................................................8
5 14 CFR 91.417 Maintenance Records....................................................................................................................................................................................9
6 Operator Maintenance Records............................................................................................................................................................................................10
6.1 Maintenance Records 14 CFR 91.417 (b)(1)........................................................................................................................................................................................11
6.2 Maintenance Records 14 CFR 91.417 (b)(2)........................................................................................................................................................................................11
9 Airworthiness Directives (A.D.s)..........................................................................................................................................................................................12
10 Service Bulletins (S.B.s)......................................................................................................................................................................................................15
11 Maintenance Task Cards.......................................................................................................................................................................................................16
12 Components and Hard-Times..................................................................................................................................................................................................17
12.1 Readiness Log......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................17
12.2 Hard Time Component..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................18
12.3 Engine Disk Sheet................................................................................................................................................................................................................................19
12.4 Engine S.B., EO, MOD, Alterations......................................................................................................................................................................................................20
12.5 Repairs..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................21
12.5 APU Configuration Report....................................................................................................................................................................................................................22
12.6 Authorized Release Certificate.............................................................................................................................................................................................................23
12.7 Life-Limited Parts..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................24
12.8 Parts Removal......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................25

Table of Contents
13 Aircraft Interiors.................................................................................................................................................................................................................26
13.1 14 CFR 135.177 (b) Emergency Equipment.........................................................................................................................................................................................26
13.2 Layout Passenger Accomodations (LOPA)...........................................................................................................................................................................................27
13.3 Material Flammability Certification "Burn Certs"...................................................................................................................................................................................28
14 Total Final Value..................................................................................................................................................................................................................29

Abbreviations
AD: Airworthiness Directive MSN: Maintenance Serial Number
AFM: Aircraft Flight Manual OC/CM: On Condition/ Condition Monitoring Component
AIRS: Aircraft Inspection Report (Readiness Log) OCC: Operations Control Center
APU: Auxiliar Power Unit RVSM: Reduced Vertical Separation Minima
ARC: Airworthiness Review Certificate SATCOM: Satellite Communications
BFE: Buyer Furnished Equipment SB: Service Bulletin
CK: Check STC: Supplemental Type Certificate
CMM: Component Maintenance Manual TAT: Total Air Time
CSN: Cycle Since New TAC: Total Aircraft Cycle
CSLSV: Cycles Since Last Shop Visit TCAS: Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System
CRS: Certificate Return to Service TEC: Total Engine Cycles
CVR: Cockpit Voice Recorder TET: Total Engine Time
DFDR: Digital Flight Data Recorder TSLSV: Time Since Last Shop Visit
EDS: Engine Data Specification TSN: Time Since New
EGPWS: Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning System
ELT: Emergency Locator Transmitter
EO: Engineering Order
ETOPS: Extended-Range Twin-Engine Operations Performance Standard
FMS: Flight Management System
GPS: Global Positioning System
HMV: Heavy Manintenance Provider
HT: Hard-Time Component
LDND: Last Done, Next Due
LLP: Life-Limited Part
LOPA: Lay Out Passenger Arrangement
MPD: Maintenance Planning Document

Introduction to Aircraft Records
A review of the aircraft records is the usual starting point for a FAA Designated
Airworthiness Representative (DAR) to evaluate the status of an aircraft and determine
its eligibility for FAA certification.
A well prepared set of aircraft records (summary documents) will make it easier for
the FAA DAR to do his review and ultimately make the certification process go more
smoothly.
The main objective of the FAA DAR’s review of the records and inspection of the
aircraft is to determine if:
1. The aircraft meets its type design, or properly altered condition; and
2. The aircraft is in a condition for safe operation.
The above two conditions must exist to meet the FAA’s definition of “airworthy”.
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Advisory CirCulAr 43-9C
Maintenance Records are a shared responsibility between the owner/operator and maintenance
personnel, with the ultimate responsibility resting with the owner/operator.

Certificate of Airworthiness
Certificate of Registration
Noise Certificate
Radio Station License
Insurance Certificate
Certification of Sanitary Construction
Aircraft Certification

Standard Airworthiness Certificate
What is an Airworthiness Certificate?
A standard Airworthiness Certificate (FAA Form 8100-2 displayed in the aircraft) is
the FAA's oficial authorization allowing for the operation of type certificated aircraft in
the following cattegories:
• Normal
• Acrobatic
• Commuter
• Transport
• Manned Free Ballons
• Special Classes
A standard airworthiness certificate remains valid as long as the aircraft meets its
approvedtypedesign,isinaconditionforsafeoperationandmaintenance,preventative
maintenance, and alterations are performed in accordance with 14 CFR parts 21, 43,
and 91.

Certificate of Registration
An aircraft may not be operated unless it is properly registered and the registration
certificate (or other authorizing documentation) is on board the aircraft while it is
being operated. The specific wording of the applicable regulation, 14 CFR 91.203(a)
(2), provides that "no person may operate a civil aircraft unless it has within it...an
effective U.S. registration certificate issued to its owner or, for [a pending application
for registration] operation within the United States, the second duplicate copy (pink)
of the Aircraft Registration Application as provided for in Section 47.31(b), or [for
foreign aircraft] a registration certificate issued under the laws of a foreign country."
In addition to this regulatory requirement, and what is not commonly understood, is
that operating an improperly registered aircraft is also a federal crime if it is done
"knowingly and willfully."
Joe InspectorADMINISTRATOR
N747JE 12-345
747-800
MARCH 20, 2015
1234567
BOEING
JEANETTE ERAZO
747 OPERATOR STREET
FT. LAUDERDALE, FL 33319

14 CFR 91.417 Maintenance Records
(a) Except for work performed in accordance with §§91.411 and 91.413, each
registered owner or operator shall keep the following records for the periods specified
in paragraph (b) of this section:
(1) Records of the maintenance, preventive maintenance, and alteration and records
of the 100-hour, annual, progressive, and other required or approved inspections,
as appropriate, for each aircraft (including the airframe) and each engine, propeller,
rotor, and appliance of an aircraft.

Operator Maintenance Records
The Operator will keep the following records:
• Aircraft Logbook
• Records of the maintenance, preventive maintenance, alterations, 100 hour, annual,
progresive, and other required or approved inspections, as appropriate.
• Total time in service for the aircraft, each engine, each propeller, and each rotor.
• Current status of life-limited parts.
• Time since last required overhauls.
• Current status of applicable Airworthiness Directives (ADs)
• Copies of FAA form 337 for any major alterations performed.

Maintenance Records 14 CFR 91.417 (b)(1)
Maintenance Records 14 CFR 91.417 (b)(2)
The Owner or Operator shall retain all maintenance records for one (1) year after the
work is performed or until the work is repeated or superseded by other work.
• After one (1) year, some maintenance records do not have to be retained.
• For the most part, this pertains to repairs and replacement for parts that are not
life-limited.
• Altimeter/Transponders checks must be kept for 24 calendar months, or until
repeated.
• All records must be retained and transferred with the aircraft at the time the aircraft
is sold or returned to lease.

Airworthiness Directives (A.D.s)
AC 43-9C Appendix 1 - Airworthiness Directives Compliance Record (Suggested Form)
The owner/operator shall keeprecords containing “the current status of applicable
airworthiness directives (AD) including, for each, the method of compliance, the AD
number, and revision date. If the AD involves recurring action, the time and date when
the next action is required.”

FAA's Airworthiness Directives are legally enforceable rules that apply to the following
products: aircraft, aircraft engines, propellers, and appliances.
Anyone who operates a product that does not meet the requirements of an applicable
airworthiness directive is in violation of this section.
If the requirements of an airworthiness directive have not been met, you violate §39.7
each time you operate the aircraft or use the product.
14 CFR 39.3
14 CFR 39.7
14 CFR 39.9

Airworthiness directives specify inspections you must carry out, conditions and
limitations you must comply with, and any actions you must take to resolve an unsafe
condition.
14 CFR 39.11

Service Bulletins (S.B.s)
Service Bulletins (SBs) are notices to aircraft operators from a manufacturer notifying
them of a product improvement.
Alert service bulletins are issued by the manufacturer when a condition exists that the
manufacturer feels is a safety related item as opposed to just a product improvement.
These SB's usually result in the FAA issuing an AD. The AD will reference the alert
service bulletin as a method of compliance with the airworthiness directive.
If a service bulletin is not an alert service bulletin or a bulletin referenced in an AD, it
becomes optional and may or may not be incorporated by the operator.

Maintenance Task Cards
Maintenance task card defines and record work sequences and steps, it may not
involve accomplishment methods and standard concerning the maintenance tasks. It
can be named as work sheet, work card, work order, data record sheet etc. or one of
any combinations. Reference documents for maintenances will give detailed methods
and standards concerning the maintenance task.
The maintenance group can choose to develop it i.a.w. the airworthiness data or
just use the applicable part (previously verified) of the airworthiness data as their
reference documents for maintenance.
Maintenance Facility
WeFixItAll
Hialeah, FL
WeFixItAll Maintenance Aviation Group

Components and Hard-Times
Readiness Log
The Aircraft Readiness Log is designed to furnish the buyer with a listing of certain
selected equipment installed on board an aircraft at the time of delivery.
Aircraft Readiness Log
Erazo Air

Hard Time Component
A hard time component is a component or and aircraft part that when it reaches the
limit time defined in the aircraft maintenance program, must be removed from the
aircraft and be replaced by a new or overhauled component.
Example of a hard time components are engines, propellers, landing gears,
extinguishers, survival kits, life boats, etc. All these are controlled by flight hour,
cycles or calendar time. A hard time component has a limited life in the aircraft.

Engine Disk Sheet

Engine S.B. EO MOD Alterations

Repairs
14 CFR 121.367 – 121.369. Any repair or alteration (major or minor) can be contracted
out but the operator remains responsible for the airworthiness.
ERAZO AIR

APU Configuration Report

Authorized Release Certificate
FAA Form 8130-3 is the preferred method for documenting the approval of products
and articles considered approved by the FAA.
This will help aviation authorities and industry to ensure complete traceability and
ease the movement of products and articles through the aviation system.
Joe Authority
Joe Authority LY2B005K
LY2B005K

Life-Limited Parts
In accordance with 14 CFR 43.10 (a), a Life-Limited part means any part for which
a mandatory replacement limit is specified in the type design, the Instructions for
Continued Airworthiness, or the maintenance manual.
LifeStatusmeanstheaccumulatedcycles,hours,oranyothermandatoryreplacement
limit of a Life-Limited part.

Parts Removal
14 CFR 43.10 (c)(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)
Disposition of parts removed from type-certificated products. Except as provided in
paragraph (b) of this section, after April 15, 2002 each person who removes a life-
limited part from a type-certificated product must ensure that the part is controlled
using one of the methods in this paragraph. The method must deter the installation of
the part after it has reached its life limit. Acceptable methods include:
• Record keeping system
• Tag or record atttached to part
• Non-permanent marking
• Segregation

Aircraft Interiors
14 CFR 135.177 (b) Emergency Equipment
Each item of equipment must be inspected regularly under inspection periods
established in the operations specifications to ensure its condition for continued
serviceability and immediate readiness to perform its intended emergency purposes.

Layout of Passenger Accomodations (LOPA)
Aircraft records should exist that show the change to the configuration and that
change must be FAA approved. If the interior has been altered since the aircraft was
produced, a Supplemental Type Certificate (STC) or FAA From 8110-3 is the usual
form of approval. A drawing called the “Layout of Passenger Accommodation” (LOPA)
is referenced in the approval document.
Usually as part of the LOPA is a drawing called the “Emergency Equipment Drawing”.
This document shows the location and part number of all the emergency equipment
required (by regulation) to be installed on the aircraft. The DAR will be looking for
the approval document and conformity to the drawings as part of the aircraft records
audit.

Material Flammability Certification "Burn Certs"
When an aircraft is built, the materials used in the interior and cargo compartments
must meet the flammability requirements of 14 CFR 25.853 (for large aircraft) or
14 CFR 23.853 (for small aircraft). These regulations require materials to be fire
resistant, which would allow passengers sufficient time to exit an aircraft in the event
of a fire during an accident.
If any of the seat covers, cushions, carpet, curtains, side wall panels, cargo liners,
etc. have been changed, it is important that you obtain paperwork attesting to the
materials compliance with the applicable regulations.

Total Final Value
Aircraft Records are the health record of your aircraft. Good management of aircraft
documentation, providing the full history of an aircraft and its components, will
determine its current status, and future value. In addition, it is easy to forget that
the majority of aircraft documents are actually legal documents and are also of a
sensitive commercial nature and need to be treated accordingly. Therefore, dealing
with paperwork efficiently makes good sense, both financially and for efficient day to
day business operations.
Missing documents, pages or entries from aircraft logbooks may cause significant
problems for the lessor/purchaser and reduce the value of the aircraft.
Flawless aircraft records not only ensures the value of the asset is maintained, it will
simplify and expedite any lease/sale transition.
Most importantly, conforming to the methods, procedures, and practices that have
been determined to be acceptable means of showing compliance with the general
aviation maintenance record making and record keeping requirements of 14 CFR
§43 and §91, will prevent fines and penalties.

Learn how to Manage Aircraft Records

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