This document discusses female genital mutilation (FGM), including what it is, prevalence worldwide, types of FGM, reasons it is performed, immediate and long-term health complications, and a WHO statement against the practice. FGM involves partial or total removal of external female genitalia for non-medical reasons, and it is estimated that over 100 million girls and women worldwide have undergone FGM, with around 3 million new cases each year.

1. Awakening call!! FGM The

9. STOP FGM

11. Say NO to FGM

12. Female Genital Mutilation

13. Total or partial removal of the external female genitalia for non-therapeutic reasons What is it?

16. Classification (WHO, 1997)

17. Type I: Excision of the prepuce with or without excision of part or all of the clitoris

19. Type I I : Excision of the prepuce and clitoris together with partial or total excision of the labia minora

22. Type II I: Excision of part or all of the external genitalia and stitching to narrow the vulvar orifice (infibulation)

26. 16 month old baby

27. Type I V : U nclassified (piercing, stretching…)

32. Immediate Complications S epticaemia Severe pain H aemorrhage U rinary retention I nfection A bscess

34. Gynaecological Complications Dyspareunia Laceration and haematoma on penetration Painful scars A norgasmia K eloid scar s Chronic Irritation P oor urinary flow P ainful micturition R ecurrent UTIs Dermoid cysts

36. Obstetric Complications : Need for Caesarian Section P ost-partum haemorrhage N eonatal death Difficulty with vaginal examinations Need for defibulation Anterior midline episiotomy

39. Let us