PPT on Safety in Construction

1. BY SUDHANWA PATHAK
TE CIVIL
ROLL No. 27
PROJECT GUIDE: PROF DHULE J.J
TRINITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
A SEMINAR ON

2. CONTENTS
• INTRODUCTION
• WHAT IS SAFETY
• WHY IS THERE AN ISSUE OF SAFETY
• ACCIDENTS
• CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS
• EFFECTS OF ACCIDENT
• WAYS TO ENSURE SAFETY
• PPE & SAFETY SIGNS
• INDIAN STANDARDS FOR SAFETY IN CONSTRUCTION

3. INTRODUCTION
The civil engineering industry is one of the biggest industry in
modern times.
It is also an industry where extensive use of labour is required,
and where such large amount of human labour is involved a matter of
safety arises. In India safety in construction is not a serious issue and is
neglected quite often.
For proper development and growth of economy, apart from
rapid industrialization, a stable and productive work force is a must. To
build a productive work force it is essential that managements strive to
meet the worker’s social psychological and welfare needs and take
steps to humanize work and work environment.

4. WHAT IS SAFETY?
Safety is a difficult term to define due to the inter-relatedness of
several factors. Very often, safety is adjudged in terms of an inverse
relationship with accident rate. High rate means low safety and vice
versa . Theoretically, safety would mean the absence of danger at work
which is made possible by eliminating hazards that create the danger. A
more practical definition would be “A thing is provisionally categorized
as safe if its risks are deemed known and, in the light of knowledge
judged to be acceptable”.
Safety can also be defined as “ the condition of enterprise
operations in which , by controlling hazards, accident free production
is achieved.”

5. WHY DOES THE ISSUE OF
SAFETY ARISES??
DUE TO FREQUENT ACCIDENTS THERE IS A LOSS OF
 LABOUR
 MONEY
 TIME
 MATERIAL
DUE TO ACCIDENTS THERE IS ALSO A LOSS OF REPUTATION OF
THE BUILDER

6. ACCIDENTS
Accidents are readily recognized when there is a damage to properties and
someone is injured. Generally an accident is defined as “ an event
which is unexpected or the cause of which is unforeseen” or it can also
be defined as “ any occurrence that interrupts or the cause of which is
unforeseen.”
However, it is not always easy to determine to what extent the accidents
are the direct result of the working environment only. There may be
lack of proper
 Safety equipment at work sites.
 Long working hours may cause fatigue.
 Improper living conditions
 Improper working conditions

7. It is for these reasons that very often safety, occupational health,
working conditions and welfare are bracketed together foe evolving
measures of accident control as well as of promoting safety
It may be underlined that in construction the concern for safety is
for both persons and property structures.
The risk of accidents is present in all everyday activities and it is
not fair to pretend that a work site can be entirely free from accidents.
However, am more practical way is to consider a construction site safe
when persons can go about their normal work without undue risk.

8. CAUSES OF ACCIDENT
HUMAN CAUSES
FAULTY WORKING METHODS
STRUCTURAL FAILURES

9. HUMAN CAUSES
 LACK OF KNOWLEDGE
 LACK OF INTEREST IN WORK
 OTHER PERSONAL FACTORS
 LACK OF SKILL
 CARELESSNESS IN SUPERVISION

10. FAULTY WORKING PRACTISES
 SUBSTANDARD USE OF MATERIALS
 STRIKING AGAINST OBJECTS
 NO USE OF PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENTS
 NO SITE LAYOUT
 IMPROPER STORAGE OF MATERIAL

11. STRUCTURAL FAILURES
 FAILURE OF FOUNDATION
 FAULTY DESIGN
 NATURAL CALAMITIES.

12. EFFECTS OF ACCIDENTS
 LOSS OF LIFE
 LOSS OF TIME
 ESCALATION OF PROJECT COST

13. WAYS TO ENSURE SAFETY
• ROLE OF DESIGNER
• SAFETY PROGRAMME
• APPOINTMENT OF SAFETY OFFICER
• PROVISION OF PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENTS
(PPE)
There are many ways to ensure that proper safety is provided on the
site, here are given some of the ways to see how we can provide safety
on the site.

14. ROLE OF DESIGNER
In the development of a project, a significant role
is played initially by the designer of the project and then by the
constructor of the project. Construction worker safety has often
been regarded the sole responsibility of the construction
contractor.
Despite the obvious reasons for placing the
primary responsibility on the contractor, the safety performance
on a project may well be dictated to a large extent by decisions
made by the designer.
The designer while design the building may design
it in such a manner that it becomes easy and safe for the
construction of the higher part of the structures.

15. SAFETY PROGRAMME
 Most of the accidents that take place are mostly due to the lack of
knowledge and skill of the workers and the supervisor.
 This can be improved by holding a safety training camps for the whole
site staff and workers. Specially trained personnel should be hired to
hold safety camps.
 Whenever recruiting a new worker their experience should be checked
and adequate knowledge of the work should be given to them.
 Keep a record of all the accidents that took place

16. SAFETY OFFICER
 A safety officer should be specially appointed to
take care of all the safety related issues of the
construction site.
 Appointing such an officer helps in keeping the
health and safety of the staff under close watch.

17. PERSONAL PROTECTIVE
EQUIPMENTS
(PPE)
The personal protective equipments are the most basic front of protection and
safety for the workers. There are various PPE according to the type of work,
but the few basic PPE are:
•PPE for head protection
•PPE for eye protection
•PPE for ear protection
•PPE for hand
•PPE for work on higher floors
•Respirators

21. INDIAN STANDARDS FOR SAFETY IN
CONSTRUCTION
 The codes are given in the link above
 SP 70 -2001 is a handbook which gives us information about the
safety requirements.

22. CONCLUSION
Safety is very important in the civil engineering
industry but the safety scenario in the construction industry,
especially in India is very poor, which results in lot’s of
casualties which hampers the normal working of the
project.
A safe working environment can be very easily
achieved by the proper interaction of the contractor,
designer and the laborers. Also the constitution can also
play its part in maintaining the proper habitable conditions
for the workers and ensuring the safety by being strict on
those who do not follow rules and penalizing accordingly.
Unless all these factors do not work together the
accidents will keep occurring and the safety will be
compromised.

23. REFERNCES
 BOOKS:
 N.S Mujumdar and Mrs. S.V. Pataskar “Project management and Engineering
Economics” Nirali publication ,2013, page no. 4.3-4.35
 “Construction Safety Management” NICMAR publication, March 2010
 SP 70
 RESEARCH PAPERS:
 Jimmie Hinze and Francis Wiegand “ROLE OF DESIGNERS IN
CONSTRUCTION WORKER SAFETY” Journal of Construction Engineering and
Management, Vol. 118, No. 4, December, 1992.
 Nabil A. Kartam “INTEGRATING SAFETY AND HEALTH PERFORMANCEINTO
CONSTRUCTION” Jouranl of Construction Engineering and Management, Vol.
123, No.2,June, 1997.
 WEBSITES:
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_protective_equipment
 http://www.engineeringcivil.com/what-are-the-is-codes-used-for-construction-
management.html
 http://www.bis.org.in/
 http://www.google.co.in/imghp?hl=en&tab=wi