%Click Show more to see transcript%
Has anybody heard about how much alcohol people drank back in the middle ages and renaissance?
It is true! Anywhere near population centers, the water was so contaminated that it tasted terrible and often caused illness. Strangely, the average person did not know that disease could come from the water, they only hated the taste. Water was "for the poor to drink, and for the rich to dress their meat”. The main drinks were ales, meads, and wines which involved boiling to brew or had enough alcohol to disinfect. This changed in the 18th and 19th century, as doctors realized how important water and water quality is, and the world of water supply changed forever.
Slide 1:
Today Water supply is in another transition period. As you can see from these before and after photos, the surface waters of california are severely strained, costing billions of dollars in damage to our agricultural and entertainment sectors.
click
Slide 2:
This presentation focuses on 3 topics. First, how recycling impacts our water supply. Then how the advanced treatment processes are used to make recycled water safe. Finally I will highlight one of the flagship programs for recycled water in California, Orange County’s GroundWater Replenishment System.
click
Slide 3:
Here is a simplified water cycle diagram. You can see that we take in water from the source, meaning lakes, rivers, or groundwater if we have to. The water is treated then it is used by people. it goes to the wastewater treatment plant where it is cleaned, not always well, and pumped out again. They say if you drink a cup of tap water in New Orleans, you are drinking water that has passed through 7 other kidneys before reaching you, as each major city takes in water from the Mississippi and then discharges into it. Here in Los Angeles, most of our water is eventually pumped out into the ocean down by LAX
click
The thing to notice is how recycling and/or reusing water allows us to take in less water. We still need to take in some water, to account for losses throughout the cycle, but the required input is decreased dramatically. As populations grow, the local sources of water may not be adequate, and the most simple solution is to keep water we take in.
click
Slide 4:
after the water leaves the wastewater treatment plant. Where it would normally be pumped back into the environment. It enters an advanced treatment plant
click
First, the water is filtered using microfiltration or ultrafiltration. You can see the diminishing sieve size, eliminating nearly everything that is suspended in the water.
click
The size of the openings are 1 100 millionth of a meter for UF The remaining contaminants are dissolved.
NS
Then there is reverse osmosis. This graphic illustrates a common type of RO membrane, where the water comes into the middle and is subjected to such high pressures that it flows lateral
How we make recycled water safe (General Audience)
1. Recycling is the future for water supplies
in arid regions
Jonathan Damora
Viterbi School of Engineering
University of Southern California
June 22, 2015
http://www.aroundme.com/locations/10785/post-shocking-before-and-after-pictures-
of-california-taken-only-3-years-apart-prove-how-severe-the-drought-is#page=1
www.linkedin.com/in/jondamora
2. This talk discusses the current state of recycled water
Water reuse and recycling rationale
2
Water recycling in practice
Technology of recycled water
3. Recycling allows retention of limited water supplies and
thus requires less water input to meet demand
3
Adapted from: http://www.athirstyplanet.com/your_h20/our_water_cycle.pdf
4. Recycling allows retention of limited water supplies and
thus requires less water input to meet demand
3
Adapted from: http://www.athirstyplanet.com/your_h20/our_water_cycle.pdf
5. Recycled water is treated to higher standards than drinking
water, to ensure safety
4
8. Microfiltration and
Ultrafiltration
Reverse Osmosis
Recycled water is treated to higher standards than drinking
water, to ensure safety
4
Removes viruses,
bacteria, and any
suspended solids
0.1 µm -MF
0.01 µm -UF
http://synderfiltration.com/learning-center/articles/module-configurations-process/hollow-fiber-membranes/
9. Microfiltration and
Ultrafiltration
Reverse Osmosis
Recycled water is treated to higher standards than drinking
water, to ensure safety
4
Removes viruses,
bacteria, and any
suspended solids
0.1 µm -MF
0.01 µm -UF
Removes
dissolved
ions
0.0001 µm
10. Microfiltration and
Ultrafiltration
Reverse Osmosis
Recycled water is treated to higher standards than drinking
water, to ensure safety
4
Removes viruses,
bacteria, and any
suspended solids
0.1 µm -MF
0.01 µm -UF
Removes
dissolved
ions
0.0001 µm
http://www.microbiologyonline.org.uk/about-microbiology/introducing-microbes/overview
11. Microfiltration and
Ultrafiltration
Reverse Osmosis Advanced Oxidation
Recycled water is treated to higher standards than drinking
water, to ensure safety
4
Removes viruses,
bacteria, and any
suspended solids
0.1 µm -MF
0.01 µm -UF
Removes
dissolved
ions
0.0001 µm
http://www.ozon-uv.com/aop.htm
12. Microfiltration and
Ultrafiltration
Reverse Osmosis Advanced Oxidation
Recycled water is treated to higher standards than drinking
water, to ensure safety
4
Removes viruses,
bacteria, and any
suspended solids
0.1 µm -MF
0.01 µm -UF
Removes
dissolved
ions
0.0001 µm
+
Creates free radicals to destroy
any trace organic compounds
Ultraviolet light
Hydrogen
Peroxide,
Titanium
Dioxide, or
Ozone
13. Orange County’s Groundwater Replenishment System
directly saves 100 million gallons of fresh water per day
5
Groundwater
injection for
sea water
barrier
Purified Water
infiltrating
into
groundwater
http://www.digitaljournal.com/image/139151http://www.gwrsystem.com/images/stories/Abo
utGWRS/GWRS%20Technical%20Brochure.pdf
http://www.gwrsystem.com/images/stories/AboutGWRS/GWRS%20Technical%20Brochure.pdf
14. Orange County’s Groundwater Replenishment System
directly saves 100 million gallons of fresh water per day
5
Groundwater
injection for
sea water
barrier
Purified Water
infiltrating
into
groundwater
http://www.digitaljournal.com/image/139151http://www.gwrsystem.com/images/stories/Abo
utGWRS/GWRS%20Technical%20Brochure.pdf
http://www.gwrsystem.com/images/stories/AboutGWRS/GWRS%20Technical%20Brochure.pdf
15. Humanity needs to establish
safe water sources not
In summary, the use of recycled water will grow as
populations continue to increase
6
safe water sources not
impacted by climate
http://www.gwrsystem.com/images/stories/AboutGWRS/GWR
S%20Technical%20Brochure.pdf
