1. Output: The Many Uses of Computers and Communications Audio, Video, Virtual Reality and Robots Outputs Types of Printers and Plotters Video Display Adaptors Types of Display Screens

2. Output devices translate information processed by the computer into a form that humans can understand. Several Types of Output Devices -Display Screens -Video-output devices -Printers and Plotters -Virtual-reality devices -Audio-output devices -Robots

3. Principal Kinds of Outputs Hardcopy – refers to printed outputs Softcopy – refers to data that is shown on a display screen or is in audio or voice form .It is not tangible.

4. Examples of Hardcopy - text or graphics printouts - film( microfilm, microfiche) Examples of Softcopy -Virtual reality -Robot

10. Flat panel screens are either active – matrix or passive matrix displays. Active –matrix Display – each pixels on the screen is controlled by its own transistor. It is much brighter than passive –matrix but they are more complicated and expensive. Passive- matrix Display - a transistor controls a whole row or column of pixels .It is less expensive and use less power than active – matrix.

28. Dot- matrix Printer

52. To achieve this effect, the following interactive sensory equipments are needed.

55. Simulators are devices that represent the behavior of physical and abstract systems.

56. Robot is an automatic device that performs functions ordinarily ascribed to human beings or that operates with what appears to be almost human intelligence.