The document discusses various disabilities and challenges faced by students, as well as strategies and technologies that can help including Individualized Education Programs, assistive technology, and ensuring students are educated in the least restrictive environment with their non-disabled peers whenever possible. Examples of assistive technologies that can help with learning, reading, writing, and communication are provided.

1. By Changjun Zhou

2.  learning disabilities
 attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
(ADHD)
 emotional disorders
 cognitive challenges
 autism
 hearing impairment
 visual impairment
 speech or language impairment
 developmental delay

3.  Individualized Education Program (IEP) — to
help kids succeed in school.
 The IEP describes the goals the team sets for a
child during the school year, as well as any
special support needed to help achieve them.

4.  Assistive Technology---includes assistive,
adaptive, and rehabilitative devices for people
with disabilities and also includes the process
used in selecting, locating, and using them.
 AT promotes greater independence by enabling
people to perform tasks that they were formerly
unable to accomplish, or had great difficulty
accomplishing, by providing enhancements to,
or changing methods of interacting with, the
technology needed to accomplish such tasks.

5.  Step 1: Collect child and family information.
 Step 2: Identify activities for participation.
 Step 3: What can be observed that indicates the
intervention is successful?
 Step 4: Brainstorm AT solutions.
 Step 5: Try it out.
 Step 6: Identify what worked.

6. Math Software and Gadgets:
 Electronic math worksheet software
 Talking calculators
Reading Software and Gadgets:
 Audio books and reading software
 Optical character recognition (OCR) programs
 Speech synthesizers/screen reader systems
Writing Software and Gadgets:
 Portable word processors
 Speech-recognition programs
 Word-prediction software

7.  Hearing Assistive Technology Systems
(HATS) are devices that can help you function
better in your day-to-day communication
situations. HATS can be used with or without
hearing aids or cochlear implants to make
hearing easier—and thereby reduce stress and
fatigue.

8.  Word Processing: word processors allow
teachers to make suggestions on the student's
disk. If computers are networked, students can
read each other's work and make
recommendations for revision. Computer
editing also reduces or eliminates problems
such as multiple erasures, torn papers, and
poor handwriting. The final copy is neat and
legible.

9.  Application Program Software instructing
students through tutorials, drill and practice,
problem solving, and simulations.
 Prompting and scheduling through PDAs,
pagers, and Internet software also can assist
students in remembering assignments or
important tasks.

10.  Inclusion: is a term which expresses
commitment to educate each child, to the
maximum extent appropriate, in the school and
classroom he or she would otherwise attend.
 It involves bringing the support services to the
child (rather than moving the child to the
services) and requires only that the child will
benefit from being in the class (rather than
having to keep up with the other students).
 Proponents of inclusion generally favor newer
forms of education service delivery.

11.  Least restrictive environment: means that a
student who has a disability should have the
opportunity to be educated with non-disabled
peers, to the greatest extent appropriate.
 They should have access to the general
education curriculum, or any other program
that non-disabled peers would be able to
access.
 The student should be provided with
supplementary aids and services necessary to
achieve educational goals if placed in a setting
with non-disabled peers.

12. http://kidshealth.org/parent/positiv http://www.additudemag.com/adh
e/learning/iep.html d/article/6585.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assist http://www.asha.org/public/hearin
ive_technology g/treatment/assist_tech.htm
http://www.ldonline.org/article/80 http://www.ericdigests.org/2003-
88 1/assistive.htm
http://www.weac.org/Issues_Advoc
acy/Resource_Pages_On_Issues_one
/Special_Education/special_educatio
n_inclusion.aspx
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Least_
Restrictive_Environment