2. #casestudy- GONDIA
Gondia district (almost on Maharashtra and MP border) is located near Nagpur in
Mahrashtra. The traditional dwellings situated there, are typical for that region.
The houses varied from small single storied mud structures to three or even
more, in similar pattern. So the main building of the original haveli is combined
to the courtyard and livestock-shelters of the second, completing the original
traditional dwelling as it would have had been.
6. VILLAGE GATHERINGS
Gatherings of males of the village happened daily in the evenings after the days
work.
Sometimes small scale social functions also happen here.
This activity is completely public and thus no privacy is required.
1- Front verandah for minor and personal gatherings
2- A large courtyard suitable for holding mini functions
3- Seating outside the main gate.
7. LIVESTOCK MANAGEMENT
The management of the livestock is mainly carried out by the servants,
throughout the day. It is a combination of different activities like cleaning,
milking, feeding, etc. Cleaning of the shelters is done everyday.
The 1st floor of the shelters is used for storing the fodder for the livestock. An
year’s supply is stored at one go.
8. 1. Use of courtyard for livestock management.
2. Storage on 1st floor, replenished each year.
9. STORAGE
The whole built form has more combined space for storages than any other purposes.
This is mainly because the zamindar/ tashildar the whole harvest produced on their land is
stored in the haveli.
Further there is a large collection of livestock, and storage is required for their fodder as
well.
Also an emergency food storage is kept for the family members
10. SLEEPING
It is a space where outsiders are
not allowed.
Adjacent side storage is used for
storing the bedding whenever
not in use
11. CLIMATE
The building seems to be built keeping in mind all the seasons.
Though it is best suited for summers.
The upper floors act as false ceiling.
The side passage rooms act as wind channels.
Absence of openings reduces the heat exchange to the minimum.
The roof extends almost a meter beyond the walls, probably to
protect the heavy rainwater from soaking the walls.
As well as to provide shade from the sun and prevent heating up of
the building.
Front courtyard faces the north, preventing direct solar rays on the
most used part.
The rear verandah can be used much more in winter due to sun’s
southern inclination.
12.
13. SPECIFIC FEATURES KEEPING IN MIND THE CLIMATIC
CONDITIONS
To resist heat gain
Increase of thermal resistance and capacity by maximizing the building
depth.(The thick walls increase the time lag)
(Low utility areas like verandahs, courtyards, storages, etc.)
Low utility upper floors act as false ceilings.
Light colouring to minimize heat absorption by the walls.
Promote heat loss ,..Vegetation outside to decrease glare
14. BUILDING MATERIALS
1. Timber framework
2. Light blue color of the walls
3. Mud walls
Building materials are completely local:
Framework is done by teakwood found in the jungles
nearby.
Wherever stone is used, (most importantly as a plinth) is
local stone. Grey granite is found in the region.
Walls are made up off a mixture of mud + straw + cow
dung.
The walls are coloured with lime mixed with indigo, to
give a light blue colour.
The tiles used on the roof are burnt clay tiles
15. DWELLING FORM AS STATUS & POSITION SYMBOL
As one approaches the village the 2nd floor of the haveli is
seen towering on top of other single and double storeyed
structures.
Though built as an outpost for watching the estate the 2nd
floor works rather as an identitifcation mark.
Courtyard of the haveli is much larger than
any other in the village measuring almost 17m
x15m, making it an ideal spot for social
functions
16. Though entries to all residences in the
village are big, the main gate to a haveli is
the largest measuring about 3m x 3m and
outer walls being 5m tall.
TRADITION AND BELIEFS
Short heights of the door.
The big main entrance.
Secluded puja room.
Secluded area for women.
17. VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE
CHHATTISGARH
ABOUT CHHATISGARH
•Geography - Present Chhattisgarh came into existence on 1st
Nov. 2000. Extracted from Madhya Pradesh.
•Main city - Raipur, Bilaspur, Durg.
•Climate - the tropic of cancer passes through Chhattisgarh.
Hence the northern part gets warmer after 2nd march. During
this time the temperatures in southern districts remain high. It
is a region of high rainfall.
18. Residential Building
A House in the outskirts of Rajnondjnon
PLAN
1. The house consists of 2 rooms ,
kitchen , animal shelter, and otla
(sitting portion)
2. No Toilet is provided
3. Walls are made thick(280-
300mm),for providing support and
controlling temp.
4. There is absence of window in this
house
A. Reason is of extreme
temperature at summer
(>45deg.celcius)
B. Ventilation happens through
the perforated roof and also the gap
between the roof and the wall
20. Construction Details
Roof is made up of Redland
clay tile on a structure
supported by wooden slabs
This type of roofing forms
pores in between which
helps in proper light and
ventilation
This tiles are cheap
and are easily
available here
Walls are made up
of Mud mixed with
grass and rice husk
for strength
purpose.
No reinforcements are provided inside
the walls.
The walls are plastered with off
white locally available mud called
as “CHUHI” mud.
No windows are
provided
21. Construction Details
Opening between
roof and the wall
results in proper
light and air
The wooden pillar
undertaking the
load of the roof
Bamboo structure supporting
the interlocking of tiles
forming roof
The flooring is done
by mixture of soft
mud, cow dung
Smartly used
pillar to hang
clothes and
bags
Kothi is a granary
which is designed
with suspended floors
for air circulation
and protection from
rodents and insects.
These are always
detached from the
external walls to avoid
moisture penetration.
A granary also acts as
an element to divide
the space (cooking area
from living area)
Small vents are also noticed in the area
below the granary to perhaps to supply
oxygen to the cooking area.
22. Construction Details
Plinth is Made up of
pure MUD laid a feet
deep to the ground.
The plinth is
approx. 1 foot
(30 cm) in height.
Otla is a platform
outside the house.
It is present
in every houses at
different scale
used for different
purposes
Otla can be used as sitting people interacting
, children playing, women cutting vegetables
etc.
Bamboo Sticks runs
through the room
and provides base
for roof
Ledged, Braced
and Batten doors
are used.
Niche is provided
in almost every
wall in the house
for multipurpose.
23. VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE
MADHYA PRADESH
ABOUT MADYA PRADESH
• Its 40 percent area is under forest cover
• The state straddles the Narmada River, which runs east and
west between the Vindhya and Satpura mountain ranges
• The hilly regions with forest coverage are extremely cool
whereas the open lands are comparatively hot.
• The minimum temperature goes up to 4'C and a maximum of
28 – 30'C in the hilly areas. whereas in the plain land, the
minimum temperatures ranges 8 – 10'C and has a maximum
of 42'C.
• The average rain fall in M.P. is around 1370mm.
24. Typology of Settlement
The typologies are worked on the basis of size and
structure
Size
These villages are located
on plains
The occupants are mainly
associated with agriculture
The average size of village
is 1000-1500 house
Structure
Settlement is comparatively
smaller the number of
dwellings.
Dwellings goes up to 150
units.
They are linear i.e. a row of
houses facing each other along
a street .
Once the settlement reaches
maximum number of houses a
new settlement in the vicinity
is set up
Third Typology
They lived in clusters of three to four
houses .
These clusters are at different levels
at certain distances because of
undulating land form.
These clusters are not connected by
defined pathways as the houses are
constructed in the fields itself.
25. Typology of Habitat
• This is in from the nucleus
village
• This is essentially the house
of farmer - not the house of
tribes.
• This house has an enclosure
for protection.
• The enclosure which is semi
open is used as animal yard
• Covered living space which is
sometimes two storied and
cooking space with rear
courtyard
• Linear pattern and
follows the hierarchy of
semi open.
• Covered and semi open
spaces.
• Bamboo baskets or the
mats
• Grain storage made up
of mud are used for
creating partitions in
living spaces.
• The house is of mud
walls with pitched roof
with earthen tiles.
• The unit appears to be
one rectangular block
with a sloping roof.
• The rectangular plan
partition walls are
erected to separate
living from cooking
space.
• The walls are directly
exposed to sun and very
small openings are
provided for ventilation.
• The animal yard is
constructed nearby.
26. Construction Details
Dwelling located in the village Kalyanpur M.P.
• It has a lot of empty space known as ”bayara”
• The roof is mainly made of bamboo hay and
“khapraels”.
• For proper ventilation slits have been
provided in the roofing.
There is a verandah
next to the front
door which is used
as a sitting purpose
like baithak .There
is mud flooring in
verandah.
There is a way like a corridor to the gaushala and
store. It is used very common for animals
27. Construction Details
We can see the interior of the house,
uses of spaces, wiring ,old furniture of
the house. We can see the level of
door which is quite above the ground.
In the roofing matrials used- Bamboo, tiles,
mud etc.
