First Aid Guide presentation, ranging from Heat illnesses, to concussions, to poison problems. Created by Kaden Khayyata, Kyle Rickman, and Lily Chretein.

1. First Aid Guide
“By failing to prepare, you are preparing
to fail.”
By: Kaden Khayyata, Lilian
Chretien, and Kyle Rickman

2. Table of Contents
Unconscious: still breathing- 3
Concussion- 4
Heat Stroke- 5
Heat Exhaustion- 6
Poison Ingestion- 7
Severe Bleeding - 8
Shock - 9
Fracture - 10
Hypothermia - 11
Choking - 12
Poison on Clothing - 13
Burns - 14
Frostbite - 15
Bites - 16
Nose Bleed - 17
Sources - 18

3. Unconscious- still breathing
- First, make sure you aren’t putting yourself in danger to help someone else.
Check your surroundings to make sure you are safe.
- Second, CALL 911. This is cause for medical professionals to be summoned to
render medical aid.
- Third, assess the situation. Ask bystanders what happened so you are able to
give as much information as possible to the paramedics.
Kaden
Treatment
- CALL 911.
- Based on what may have happened,
you may render basic First Aid.
Symptoms
- Non moving person
- Sudden fall

4. Concussion
- There are steps you need to take if you have a concussion to keep you safe and healthy.
- Get some sleep. Sleeping is when your brain gets rest, so doing this will rest up your
brain.
- Don’t overstimulate your brain. Doing so may worsen your condition.
- Avoid painkillers, such as Advil or Tylenol (or their store brands). This could cause
bleeding.
- Stay out of strenuous activities, such as sport. Doing these sorts of activities may
worsen your condition.
Kaden
Treatment
- Rest! Get some good shut eye.
- Limit the usage of technology.
- Stay out of strenuous physical
activities.
Symptoms
- Confusion/ “Deer in the headlights”
- Nausea
- “Out of it”
- Headache

5. Heat Stroke
- This occurs when your body temperature control is overloaded and cannot regulate
temperature.
- Sometimes sweating is not enough to control your temperature. When it is enough, and
you aren’t hydrated or in a cool environment, you will suffer from heat stroke
- Heat stroke is the most serious heat related illness.
Kaden
Treatment
- CALL 911
- Spray cool water on you/victims
face. (any type of cooling method
will work)
Symptoms
- Not sweating
- Red, hot skin
- Headache
- Nausea

6. Heat Exhaustion
- Still serious, it is a build up of heat, and insufficient hydration and rest.
- This will occur after a few days of being in the heat, and not replenishing your body
with fluids and nutrients.
Kaden
Treatment
- Drink cool liquids
- Take a cool shower
- Get in the A/C
- Wear lightweight clothing
Symptoms
- Heavy sweating
- Paleness
- Dizziness
- Nausea

7. Poison Ingestion
- CALL 911 AND POISON CONTROL
- Assist the person in going outside to get fresh air
- THE MOST IMPORTANT THING TO DO IS TO CALL POISON CONTROL
(800-222-1222), AND THEY WILL WALK YOU THROUGH WHAT YOU
NEED TO DO.
Kaden
Treatment
- CALL 911 & POISON
CONTROL
Symptoms
- Nausea
- Diarrhea
- Rash
- Foaming at the mouth

8. Severe Bleeding
Symptoms
- Loss of consciousness
- Vomiting Blood
- Leakage of blood from the
eyes, ears, or nose.
- Rapid heart rate
Kyle R.
Treatment
- Place a sterile bandage or clean cloth on
the wound.
- Apply constant pressure until the bleeding
stops

9. Shock
Symptoms
- Pale, cold, clammy skin
- Difficulty breathing
- Thirst or a dry mouth
- Rapid heartbeat
- Anxiety
Kyle R.
Treatment
- Lay the person down and elevate the legs and feet
- Keep the person till and don’t move them
- Begin CPR if the person shows no signs of life

10. Fracture
Symptoms
- Sudden pain
- Unable to bear weight
- Swelling
- Warmth, bruising, or redness.
- Obvious deformity
Kyle R.
Treatment
- Stop any bleeding
- Immobilize the injured area
- Apply ice to limit swelling
- Go to hospital

11. Hypothermia
Symptoms
- Memory loss
- Slurred speech
- Drowsiness
- Confusion
Kyle R.
Treatment
- Move person out of the cold and remove wet clothing
- Cover person with blankets and provide warm beverages
- Use warm, dry compresses
- Don’t apply direct heat

12. Choking
Symptoms
- Gagging
- Change in colour
- Inability to speak,
breathe or swallow
- Neck or throat pain
Kyle R.
Treatment
- Place one hand over the middle of the patient’s back and
the other hand over the breast bone
- Give one chest thrust
- Give them a sharp hit in the middle of their back with the
heel of your hand.

13. Poison on Clothing
Lily https://poisonhelp.hrsa.gov/what-you-can-do
Symptoms: You will see it, smell of the material
Treatment: Take off clothing the poison touched
and Rinse skin with running water for 15 to 20
minutes.

14. Burns
https://www.healthline.com/health/burns
Lily
Symptoms: skin redness, pain, and swelling.
-first-degree burns: red, non-blistered skin
-second-degree burns: blisters and some thickening of the skin
-third-degree burns: widespread thickness with a white, leathery appearance
Treatment:
-for first degree burns you should soak the wound in cool water for five, minutes or
longer, take acetaminophen or ibuprofen for pain relief, apply lidocaine with aloe vera
gel or cream to soothe the skin, use an antibiotic ointment and loose gauze to protect
the affected area
-For second degree burns you should run the skin under cool water for 15 minutes or
longer, take over-the-counter pain medication, (acetaminophen or ibuprofen) applying
antibiotic cream to blisters
-For third degree burns call 911 immediately. While you’re waiting for medical
treatment, raise the injury above your heart. Don’t get undressed, but make sure no
clothing is stuck to the burn.

15. Frostbite
https://www.healthline.com/health/frostbite-stages
Lily
symptoms: cold and red - pale, sometimes blue cold- blue, numb, cold,
painful
Treatment:
-First degree: soaking the affected area in warm (not hot) water for 15 to
30 minutes. Rewarming using heat sources such as stoves or heating
pads should be avoided, as these can lead to burns.
-Second degree: see a doctor right away
-Third degree: see a doctor right away

16. Bites
Symptoms:localized redness around your wound,warmth around the bite area,red streaks leading away from the
bite,a fever,pus,swelling,pain
Mammals bite:see a doctor for bacterial and rabies infections,broken animal teeth embedded in your wound, foreign
objects embedded in your wound, possible nerve and blood vessel damage
Symptoms:two puncture wounds,swelling and redness around the wounds,pain at the bite site,difficulty
breathing,vomiting and nausea,blurred vision,sweating and salivating,numbness in the face and limbs
Snake bite:Call 911 immediately.,Note the time of the bite.,Keep calm and still as movement can cause the venom to
travel more quickly through the body.,Remove constricting clothing or jewelry because the area surrounding the bite
will likely swell.,Don’t allow the victim to walk. Carry or transport them by vehicle.,Do not kill or handle the snake.
Take a picture if you can but don’t waste time hunting it down.
Symptoms:swelling,a red welt,and skin damage.Other possible symptoms that may accompany a spider bite
include:itching or rash,pain around the area of the bite,muscle pain or cramping,blister that’s red or purple in
color,sweating,difficulty breathing,headache,nausea and vomiting,fever,chills,anxiety or restlessness,rashes,swollen
lymph glands,high blood pressure
Spider bite: Apply an ice pack on and off the bite for 10 minutes at a time,Elevate the area to reduce swelling,Take
an antihistamine, such as diphenhydramine (Benadryl), to help with itching.Clean the area with soap and water to
prevent infection.Apply antibiotic ointment to the area if blisters develop.Always seek medical attention if you
suspect you’ve been bitten by one of the following species:brown recluse,black widow,hobo
spider,tarantula,Brazilian wandering spider
https://www.healthline.com/health/snake-bites#first-aid
Lily

17. Nose Bleed
Symptomes: blood coming out of nose
Treatment:Sit upright and lean forward,don’t put anything in your
nose,Spray a decongestant in your nose,Pinch your nose, and repeat
https://www.healthline.com/health/how-to-stop-a-nosebleed#how-to-stop-a-nosebleed
Lily

18. Sources
- Choking info
- How to stop a nosebleed
- Snake bites
- Frostbite Stages
- Health Burns
- Poison Help
- Google
- NHS- UK
- Cleveland Health Clinic
- CDC