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Behaviour Matters – The Science of Successful Equine Training 
A step by step methodical training system designed to 
create a true partnership between horse and rider. 
What is equine positive reinforcement? 
Based on scientific principles equine positive 
reinforcement is a motivational, reward based 
training method that enables the trainer to 
increase the likelihood of a behaviour through the 
addition of a positive reinforcer. 
What does this mean in plain English? 
Even with its roots in 
behavioural psychology, you 
don’t need a degree in 
psychology or science to 
understand or use positive 
reinforcement – simplified, it 
translates as - if your horse 
does something you want, 
you give him a reward. 
1. Ask 
Asking the horse to walk on 
tarpaulin, by offering target. 
2. Behaviour occurs 
Horse has approached, and 
stepped on to tarpaulin to 
touch target. 
3. Horse is rewarded. 
Target training and various 
applications are covered in 
Action Guide 3. 
So what does science have to do with training? 
Scientific theories may encourage and raise questions about current practices in 
any field of expertise. Equestrian science considers not only the techniques 
and applications within the equine industry, but also the welfare of the horse 
and the sustainability of the techniques. 
The science behind positive reinforcement enables us to manipulate the 
environment and the stimuli that the horse experiences in order to achieve a 
result. Using classical conditioning the trainer conditions the horse to the 
bridge signal or ‘yes’ signal. Using operant conditioning the trainer asks the 
horse to do certain behaviours in order to earn the reward. Knowledge of both 
these principles allows us to train simple and advanced behaviours using clear 
stages of progression. 
© Copyright 2009 Creative Inspiration Limited Introduction
A step by step methodical training system designed to create a true 
partnership between horse and rider. 
I’m doing fine, how can it help me? 
What is different about EPR compared to other 
traditional training methods? 
EPR Training incorporates a sound scientific approach to 
training based on research and evidence. By considering what 
works and why, you are ready to make adjustments to your 
techniques with each individual horse. Including EPR in to 
your programme enhances the training process, while an 
understanding of the theory and science behind the process 
enables you to adapt to the many training challenges you will 
encounter. 
Here are some specific applications where positive reinforcement training may 
be useful to you! 
• Worming, 
• Mounting, 
• Truck loading, 
• Training a flying change, 
• Training piaffe and passage, 
• Catching reluctant horses, 
• Clipping. 
The ultimate benefit of having a standard consistent approach to dealing with 
‘issues’ is you are constantly building on the horse’s previous good experience. 
This means the horse learns to associate you with good consequences! 
Positive reinforcement will help you to enhance the methods you currently use 
by making your signals clearer and the rewards for your horse more explicit. 
Gaining the edge in your training may allow you to compete even more 
successfully or achieve a result you may have only dreamed about. It could be 
your horse has a difficult, challenging behaviour that surfaces one day – having 
a range of skills to draw on, plus an understanding of the scientific principles, 
enables you to approach and review any challenge from a strong theoretical 
base. 
Horse Welfare 
Horse welfare and the 
sustainability of any 
training technique have to 
be a priority in today’s 
enlightened society. It’s 
not enough to get a 
response from a horse; we 
need to consider the cost 
of getting this response? 
What is the impact on the 
horse? What long-term 
effects are there? Finally, 
are we able to consider an 
alternative, less intrusive 
or aversive technique? If 
such an alternative exists, 
why not check it out? 
A behaviour that is reinforced has 
an increased likelihood of reoccurring. 
© Copyright 2009 Creative Inspiration Limited Introduction
Want to know more? What’s next? 
Positive reinforcement is logical, straightforward, and simple to learn and 
apply. It can be used on its own or as an addition to many other training 
approaches. To get started with positive reinforcement there are a number of 
resources available. 
• Online 
Action Guides designed to introduce the training process step by step 
www.eprtraining.co.nz 
• Books 
Kate Southcombe “Melita’s Legacy” 
Shawna Karrasch “You Can Train Your Horse To Do Anything” 
www.amazon.com 
• Courses 
Contact EPR Training 
for details on seminars 
and workshops, 
involving practical 
activities and 
demonstrations with 
supportive background 
theory 
info@eprtraining.co.nz 
Available from www.eprtraining.co.nz 
Action Guide 2 
Conditioning for Success 
Take the first step towards applying positive 
reinforcement by learning how to condition 
your horse. 
Order the complete set of Action Guides 
1. Introduction to EPR 
2. Conditioning for Success 
3. Targeting for Success 
4. Desensitising Success 
5. Successful Loading 
Who’s using learning 
theory in the equine 
industry? 
ISES – The International 
Society for Equitation 
Science - is currently a key 
mover in the drive to have 
equitation science embedded 
within equine studies. 
International universities are 
involved in research that 
supports the use of positive 
reinforcement and other 
science based techniques. 
Check out the ISES website 
for further details on 
research and development. 
www.equitationscience.com 
Western Australia’s 
Mounted Police 
“We use the application of 
learning theory in both the 
selection and training of 
riders and importantly in the 
training of the horses. It is 
effective for the efficient and 
ethical habituation and 
desensitisation of the horses 
to many different stimuli that 
the patrolling environment 
has to offer. It is a way of 
limiting the variations of 
signals between horses and 
riders by breaking down the 
learning process for both 
horses and riders, to develop 
lightness of aids in order to 
ensure horse welfare and 
sustainability which some 
traditional training methods 
do not as they focus on 
roundness.” 
Sgt Rebecca Thomas 
Senior Training Officer 
© Copyright 2009 Creative Inspiration Limited Introduction

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Behaviour Matters1

  • 1. Behaviour Matters – The Science of Successful Equine Training A step by step methodical training system designed to create a true partnership between horse and rider. What is equine positive reinforcement? Based on scientific principles equine positive reinforcement is a motivational, reward based training method that enables the trainer to increase the likelihood of a behaviour through the addition of a positive reinforcer. What does this mean in plain English? Even with its roots in behavioural psychology, you don’t need a degree in psychology or science to understand or use positive reinforcement – simplified, it translates as - if your horse does something you want, you give him a reward. 1. Ask Asking the horse to walk on tarpaulin, by offering target. 2. Behaviour occurs Horse has approached, and stepped on to tarpaulin to touch target. 3. Horse is rewarded. Target training and various applications are covered in Action Guide 3. So what does science have to do with training? Scientific theories may encourage and raise questions about current practices in any field of expertise. Equestrian science considers not only the techniques and applications within the equine industry, but also the welfare of the horse and the sustainability of the techniques. The science behind positive reinforcement enables us to manipulate the environment and the stimuli that the horse experiences in order to achieve a result. Using classical conditioning the trainer conditions the horse to the bridge signal or ‘yes’ signal. Using operant conditioning the trainer asks the horse to do certain behaviours in order to earn the reward. Knowledge of both these principles allows us to train simple and advanced behaviours using clear stages of progression. © Copyright 2009 Creative Inspiration Limited Introduction
  • 2. A step by step methodical training system designed to create a true partnership between horse and rider. I’m doing fine, how can it help me? What is different about EPR compared to other traditional training methods? EPR Training incorporates a sound scientific approach to training based on research and evidence. By considering what works and why, you are ready to make adjustments to your techniques with each individual horse. Including EPR in to your programme enhances the training process, while an understanding of the theory and science behind the process enables you to adapt to the many training challenges you will encounter. Here are some specific applications where positive reinforcement training may be useful to you! • Worming, • Mounting, • Truck loading, • Training a flying change, • Training piaffe and passage, • Catching reluctant horses, • Clipping. The ultimate benefit of having a standard consistent approach to dealing with ‘issues’ is you are constantly building on the horse’s previous good experience. This means the horse learns to associate you with good consequences! Positive reinforcement will help you to enhance the methods you currently use by making your signals clearer and the rewards for your horse more explicit. Gaining the edge in your training may allow you to compete even more successfully or achieve a result you may have only dreamed about. It could be your horse has a difficult, challenging behaviour that surfaces one day – having a range of skills to draw on, plus an understanding of the scientific principles, enables you to approach and review any challenge from a strong theoretical base. Horse Welfare Horse welfare and the sustainability of any training technique have to be a priority in today’s enlightened society. It’s not enough to get a response from a horse; we need to consider the cost of getting this response? What is the impact on the horse? What long-term effects are there? Finally, are we able to consider an alternative, less intrusive or aversive technique? If such an alternative exists, why not check it out? A behaviour that is reinforced has an increased likelihood of reoccurring. © Copyright 2009 Creative Inspiration Limited Introduction
  • 3. Want to know more? What’s next? Positive reinforcement is logical, straightforward, and simple to learn and apply. It can be used on its own or as an addition to many other training approaches. To get started with positive reinforcement there are a number of resources available. • Online Action Guides designed to introduce the training process step by step www.eprtraining.co.nz • Books Kate Southcombe “Melita’s Legacy” Shawna Karrasch “You Can Train Your Horse To Do Anything” www.amazon.com • Courses Contact EPR Training for details on seminars and workshops, involving practical activities and demonstrations with supportive background theory info@eprtraining.co.nz Available from www.eprtraining.co.nz Action Guide 2 Conditioning for Success Take the first step towards applying positive reinforcement by learning how to condition your horse. Order the complete set of Action Guides 1. Introduction to EPR 2. Conditioning for Success 3. Targeting for Success 4. Desensitising Success 5. Successful Loading Who’s using learning theory in the equine industry? ISES – The International Society for Equitation Science - is currently a key mover in the drive to have equitation science embedded within equine studies. International universities are involved in research that supports the use of positive reinforcement and other science based techniques. Check out the ISES website for further details on research and development. www.equitationscience.com Western Australia’s Mounted Police “We use the application of learning theory in both the selection and training of riders and importantly in the training of the horses. It is effective for the efficient and ethical habituation and desensitisation of the horses to many different stimuli that the patrolling environment has to offer. It is a way of limiting the variations of signals between horses and riders by breaking down the learning process for both horses and riders, to develop lightness of aids in order to ensure horse welfare and sustainability which some traditional training methods do not as they focus on roundness.” Sgt Rebecca Thomas Senior Training Officer © Copyright 2009 Creative Inspiration Limited Introduction