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THE LANGUAGE AND
STRUCTURE OF ANGEL
AND VENTURE DEALS
JULY 28TH, 2015
©MCCARTHY LAW, LLC 2015
LEGAL ISSUES FOR STARTUPS AND
ENTREPRENEURS
FOUR SECTIONS OF
THIS PRESENTATION
• Types of Deals
• Common Structure of Deals
• Critical Deal Terms
• Other Key Concepts
SECTION I:
TYPES OF DEALS
• Common Equity
• Preferred Equity
• Convertible Notes
• Less Common Deals
COMMON EQUITY
• Common Among Less
Sophisticated
Investors/Startups
• Simple
• Implies a Valuation
• Pre/Post-Dilution Issues
PREFERRED EQUITY
• Most Common Venture
Vehicle/Most Sophisticated
Investors
• Varying Levels of Complexity
• Liquidation Preferences
• Huge Variation in
Fairness/Characteristics of How
Startups Treated
CONVERTIBLE NOTE
• An Investment Vehicle that Has
Characteristics of Debt and Equity
• Initially Debt. Upon Triggering
Event, Converts into Equity.
• Delays Valuation Question
• Originally Used in Bridge
Financing, Now Super Common in
Early-Stage Startups
LESS COMMON
INVESTMENT VEHICLES
• FACE
• KISS
• Convertible Equity
• ROBS
• Revenue-Based Financing
SECTION II: COMMON
STRUCTURE OF DEALS
• Term Sheet
• Disclosure Documents
• Investor Due Diligence
• Accredited Investor Certs
• Final Deal Agreements
• Federal Filings
TERM SHEETS
• Broad Strokes
• Agreement to Agree
• Where You Learn Exactly About
Seriousness Level of Your
Investors’ Interest
• Not a Binding Document
DISCLOSURE
DOCUMENTS
• Securities Laws
• Material Misstatement or
Omission
• CYA
• Forward-Looking Statements
INVESTOR
DUE DILIGENCE
• You’re Responsible for Having
the Documents in Place
• Investors Do the Legwork Here
ACCREDITED INVESTOR
CERTIFICATION FORMS
• For Most Startups, Only Let
Accredited Investors Invest
• 200k/year Individual, 300k/year
Married Couple
• $1,000,000 in Assets Excluding
Primary Residence
FINAL DEAL
AGREEMENTS
• Stock Purchase Agreement
• Preferred Stock Purchase
Agreement
• Convertible Note Agreement
• Fully Fleshed Out, All Legal
Concepts
FEDERAL FILINGS
• Form D
• Associated State Filings
• Additional Filings May Be
Required – Depends on the Size
of the Round
SECTION III: CRITICAL
DEAL TERMS
• Liquidation Preference
• Anti-Dilution Provisions
• Representations and Warranties
• Qualified Financing
• Conversion Price
• Valuation Cap
LIQUIDATION
PREFERENCES
• Investor Gets Money Back First
• Participating vs. Non-
Participating
• Usually a Multiple
• 1x Considered Standard
DILUTION, ANTI-
DILUTION PROVISIONS
• Issued vs. Authorized Stock
• Option Pool
• Pro Rata Participation Rights
• Automatic Grant to Maintain
Ownership %= Crazy!
REPS & WARRANTIES
• Company Has to Certify It Has
Its Excrement Together
• If You Didn’t Set Your Company
Up Correctly, Probably In
Violation of This
• IP, Authority, Compliance with
Laws, Full Information
KEY CONCEPTS,
CONVERTIBLE NOTES
Coming Slides
QUALIFIED
FINANCING
• Typically, Threshold for
Automatic Conversion for a
Convertible Note
• Point at Which Investors
Convert to Preferred Equity
• $1,000,000 Standard Size
CONVERSION PRICE
• Size of Discount Convertible
Note Investors Receive to Later
Investors
• 20% Discount Standard
VALUATION CAP
• Provides a Reasonable Estimate
of What Convertible Note
Investors Think Company
Should be Worth Next Round
• $5 MM Cap, $10 MM Raise
SECTION IV: OTHER
KEY CONCEPTS
• Regulation D Offering
• Rule 504 vs. 506 Offerings
• Tag-Along/Drag-Along/Co-Sale
• Right of First Refusal
ADDITIONAL READING
• Venture Deals by Brad Feld and
Jason Mendelson
• Deal Terms by Alex Wilmerding
THAT’S IT!
• Kieran@ColoradoStartupLawyer.com
• @CoStartupLawyer
• www.coloradostartuplawyer.com
Thanks for Coming!

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The Language & Structure of Angel & Venture Deals

Editor's Notes

  1. Thanks for coming to Galvanize and Legal Issues for Startups and Entrepreneurs – This meetup takes us into our 3rd year, if you would believe it.
  2. ----- Meeting Notes (7/28/15 14:55) ----- 21 Ways to Raise
  3. Conversation with a VC
  4. Investor
  5. The Details Matter