The 4th Annual New Mobility Study 2019

1. The Fourth Annual New Mobility Study How Consumer Preference will Reshape the Automotive Industry December 4th, 2019 & December 5th, 2019 ©This material is for general information purposes only and not intended to provide advice

2. 2 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 Disclaimer These materials have been prepared by L.E.K. Consulting LLP as part of the materials provided for the Global Mobility Survey (the “Webinar”). The materials are to be used and understood only in the context of the Webinar to which they relate and any presentation made. The materials are disclosed to you to provide assistance in relation to your participation in the Webinar for information and for illustration purposes only. Accordingly, they must be considered in the context and for the purpose for which they have been prepared and be kept confidential. The materials cannot be relied upon by any recipient. In all circumstances in accepting disclosure of these materials you agree that neither L.E.K. Consulting LLP nor its associated entities owe or accept any duty, responsibility or liability to you or any third party, whether in contract or tort (including negligence) or breach statutory duty or otherwise, howsoever arising, in connection with materials or the use you or any third party make of them. L.E.K. Consulting LLP or its associated entities shall not be liable to you or any third party in respect of any loss, damage or expense of whatsoever nature which is caused by your or any third party’s reliance or for any use you or any third party may choose to make of the materials which you accept is at your or their own risk.

3. 3 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 3 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 Dave Fish, Ph.D. CEO, CuriosityCX Dave is the founder of New Mobility Study, a consumer experience and consulting firm. For the last 20 years he has been focused on understanding human emotions, attitudes, and behavior in decision making James Carter Founder, Vision Mobility Today’s Presenters James is the founder of Vision Mobility, a consulting service that specializes in providing automotive and “New Mobility” insights to OEMs, Dealers, Tier 1 suppliers and Startups Mark Streeting Partner, L.E.K. Consulting Mark is a Partner in L.E.K.’s Transport and Travel practice. He has close to 30 years’ experience in surface transport, aviation and transport economics. Becrom Basu Becrom is a Director in L.E.K’s London office working on Transport and Infrastructure engagements and works extensively on New Mobility issues Director, L.E.K. Consulting

4. 4 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 4 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 Today’s Presenters (Continued) Rahima Yakoob Ph.D. Research Associate & Senior Technical Project Lead Cloud Platform for future mobility Rahima is currently pursuing PhD in IT- Based Logistics. She has more than 10 years' experience in the automotive industry in branches including IT, CASE (connected, autonomous, shared and electric), aftersales and finance at OEM. Neha Katdare MSU Graduate Student, Market Reseacher at Blackboard Neha is currently pursing her Master's in Marketing Research at Michigan State University. She is interning at Blackboard as Market Researcher to assist on the research and analytical side of the projects

5. 5 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 Our goals  Understand peoples’ attitudes about mobility  Discover peoples’ needs and wants in mobility  Better understand openness to new types of mobility options  Identify the barriers to adoption  Uncover new possibilities relevant to a new mobility future  Global viewpoint to understand relative advances in each country  Provide a sampling of our capabilities to assist you in the future

6. 6 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 Our method Primary Research Secondary Research Thinking

7. 7 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 Our sample Canada 2018, n=400 2019, n=1,200 US 2016, n=1,000 2018, n=1,000 2018, n=1,200 2019, n=1,200 India* 2019, n=491 UK 2018, n=400 2019, n=461 France 2018, n=400 2019, n=575 Germany 2018, n=400 2019, n=512 Spain 2018, n=400 2019, n=431 China* 2018, n=591 2019, n=444 Australia 2018, n=400 2019, n=460

8. 8 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 Today’s agenda 01 02 03 04 New Mobility Landscape Mobility Knowledge and Adoption Consumer Sentiment New Mobility Interest 05 Micro-mobility Key mobility insights shaping our industry

10. 10 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 New mobility affects everything in our lives CUSTOMER B2B B2C Public ECOSYSTEM TECHNOLOGY PLATFORMS INFRASTRUCTURE AND GOVERNMENT SUPPORTING TECHNOLOGIES ELECTRIC SHARED AUTONOMOUS CONNECTED On demand shuttles Micro- mobility Aggregators Ride Share + Car Pool Ride Hailing Dealers Subscription Car Share Long Haul Transit Rewards Mobility as a Service (MaaS) Smartphone / User Apps / API e-commerce Smart charge Operational Platforms Asset Sharing Autonomous Drive and ADAS systems High Power Charging H2 stations Zero Pollution Mandates Safety Regulations Vision Zero Transit Development Grid Development Micro-mobility Infrastructure ITS V2V / V2X Communication Microgrid V2G Dynamic Parking Data Sharing Policy and Road Rules Public Safety Public Safety AI / Predictive Modelling Robotics Data Logging and Reporting Machine / Deep Learning Battery Technology Supercapacitor Mobile Entertainment Hi Def Mapping Grid Storage AR / VR Voice Recognition Clean / Renewable Energy Blockchain Computer Vision LiDar Computer Simulation 5G Rfid technology Cybersecurity

11. 11 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 Key themes in new mobility  Growth of environmental CONCERN – Greta factor  Explosion of renewable energy  Focus by cities on reducing pollution – IC vehicle bans  Move towards sharing and shared mobility  Tightening regulations to lower CO2 / improve fuel economy  Battery technology – costs way down, performance way up  AV will take longer  Everything is connected

12. 12 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 Key events in 2019 include the legalisation of e-scooters in Germany, the launch of Bird in Europe, the introduction of Tesla in China, and Waymo piloting full AVs Report suggests AV permitted driver inattention in non- fatal 2018 crash Withdrawal from UK market Joint-venture related to new mobility technology Temporary ban in New Zealand and Switzerland due to safety reasons Entry into European P2P rental market through Drivy acquisition Launch of 3 models Launch in London Electric scooters made legal in Germany AV software installation plant opened in Detroit Uber’s web app ruled to violate German law Launch of electric bikes in China Model designed to adhere to Swiss safety regulation launched Launch of fully driverless operations in Phoenix Vehicles unveiled ahead of launch in China Report suggests software did not detect ‘jaywalking’ in fatal 2018 crash Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec AVs Micro-mobility Ride hailing Electric vehicles P2P car rental Launch in over 50 European cities 2019 Tesla launch Cybertruck Uber loses license in London; California rules drivers must be treated as employees

13. 13 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 Today’s agenda 01 03 04 New Mobility Landscape Consumer Sentiment New Mobility Interest 05 Micro-mobility Key mobility insights shaping our industry 02 Mobility Knowledge and Adoption

14. 14 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 Usage of cabs and rental cars has continued to decline in the US, mass transit use has stayed stable, and ride hailing growth has plateaued 27 10 22 17 19 18 3 1 1 27 7 21 10 16 23 2 1 1 23 8 22 10 14 26 2 2 1 3 3 23 8 19 8 11 24 2 2 2 4 3 0 10 20 30 40 50 US respondents who have used mobility option AT LEAST ONCE in the last 3 months (2016-2019) Percent Long- distance public transport Shared vehicle services Bike shareLocal public transport Airlines A cab or limousine service Rental Car Ride Hailing P2P vehicle sharing Autonomous or semi- autonomous vehicles Electric Scooter Share 201820172016 2019 Note: Option of electric scooter share and bike share not provided in earliest two studies Source: Annual Mobility Studies 2016-19 Continue fall of cabs rental cars, leveling of mass transit use and plateau of ride share Knowledge of mode mimics usage 84 87 8482 0 20 40 60 80 100 Driven Vehicle for Person Use

15. 15 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 As ride hailing reaches maturity in the US, adoption starts to face headwinds due to regulation and competition Uber and Lyft are placing a significant downward force on Taxi services But also are putting significantly more vehicles on the road Source: toddwschneider.com

16. 16 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 In some countries, usage of ride hailing is on par with traditional transport options Source: Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 Autonomous or semi-autonomous vehicles Airlines Shared vehicle services Long-distance public transport Respondents who have used transportation option in the last 3 months (2019) Index (100 = usage of personal vehicle) Local public transport Cab or limousine Rental car Ride hailing Micro-mobility P2P vehicle sharing Spain China Australia UK France India Germany US Canada Lower usage than personal vehicle Higher usage than personal vehicle Usage relative to personal vehicle use

17. 17 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 Usage lags awareness Usage lags awarenessUsage lags awareness Usage lags awareness Generally usage lags awareness…. there is still opportunity to grow 0 20 40 60 80 0 20 40 60 80 Understanding Usage 0 5 10 15 20 0 5 10 15 20 Understanding Usage 0 10 20 30 40 50 0 10 20 30 40 50 Understanding Usage 0 5 10 15 20 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Understanding Usage Ride hailing Shared vehicle services P2P vehicle sharing Micro-mobility Highest understanding of ride hailing amongst new mobility options Source: L.E.K. Global Mobility Survey 2019 Micro-mobility is significantly more popular in China SpainChinaAustralia UKFrance IndiaGermany US Canada

18. 18 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 New mobility in India and China has the potential to leapfrog ownership Source: Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 UK Australia IndiaChina Characteristics of ride hailing, peer-to- peer and micro-mobility service usage (2019) Percent 5 11 6 6 6 5 0 50 16 12 10 15 4 8 0 50 35 35 25 25 22 20 0 50 23 34 33 18 12 36 0 50 Substitute for personal car usage Substitute for public transport Stimulate leisure journeys Substitute for taxi journeys Prevents car purchase or learning to drive Substitutes for journeys on foot Responses for China will be representative of both ride hailing and micro-mobility, given both have high uptake, whereas responses in other countries will be largely representative of ride hailing

19. 19 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 There maybe headwinds to overcome before mature adoption (e.g. regulation); ICE vehicles could be on the point of decline in some areas? Innovation Early adoption Ramp-up Maturity Adoption of transportation over time Other new mobility options, e.g., vehicle sharing, are in the innovation phase ILLUSTRATIVE Public transport Ride hailing Micro-mobility ICE vehicle Innovation Early adoption Ramp-up Mature adoption Innovation Early adoption Ramp-up Maturity Decline? Innovation Early adoption Ramp-up Maturity Metro systems introduced or under construction across Indian cities

20. 20 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 Today’s agenda 01 04 New Mobility Landscape Mobility Knowledge and Adoption Consumer Sentiment New Mobility Interest 05 Micro-mobility Key mobility insights shaping our industry 02 03

21. 21 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 21 39%Percentage Americans who agreed with the statement “If I didn’t have to own a car, I wouldn’t” Up from 36% in 2017 Source: 2016 - 2019 New Mobility Study by Vison Mobility and Curiosity

22. 22 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 Affinity for vehicle ownership is highest in older age groups, particularly those the US and UK 44 54 53 68 41 63 56 60 43 49 52 54 38 43 56 31 27 34 79 47 29 36 50 60 0 20 40 60 80 100 UK IndiaChinaUS “If I didn’t have to own a car, I wouldn’t” (2019) % of respondents who “somewhat agree” or “completely agree” with sentiment 18-24 55-64 25-34 35-44 65 and over45-54 Lower affinity for vehicle ownership in younger age groups Younger cohorts in India appear to be less enthusiastic about car ownership

23. 23 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 Changing mobility landscape – Key findings – What it means for OEMs?  With innovation at its early adoption stage and ICE vehicles reaching maturity level in all the countries could this lead to a possible increase in new vehicle technologies like electric vehicles and autonomous vehicles?  Customers prioritize in the order of cost, convenience, ease of use and travel time as the main considerations for transportation needs. Are socio-economic factors impacting customer mobility choices?  On average, 48% are interested in hybrid (1% increase) and 45% are interested in electric (2% decline) in 2019. Could infrastructure and range anxiety be the reason behind the increase & decline? TECHNOLOGY DISRUPTION SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS CUSTOMER EXPERIENCE 2 3 1 1 2 3

24. 24 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 Technology disruption has led to new products, services and new players in the automotive industry leading to evolution of a new mobility ecosystem Reduce Range Anxiety Vehicle-2-Vehicle Vehicle-2- Infrastructure How is my vehicle developed? PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT Mobility Ecosystem Partnerships Availability How is my product/service is packaged? ECOSYSTEM EVOLUTION END-2-END ORCHESTRATION OF MOBILITY ECOSYSTEM  Technology disruption has led to the development of EV and AV  The right infrastructure is necessary to enable these new products in the market  New service providers have entered the automotive industry as infrastructure & platform providers  Entry of new suppliers, new products and new services has led to the evolution of a new mobility ecosystem  End-to-end orchestration of not just the core business but also the complete ecosystem and its partners could result in a new outlook for the OEMs TECHNOLOGY DISRUPTION 1

25. 25 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 Individual travel choices and vehicle preferences play a vital role in shaping the mobility landscape Urbanization Shifting population dynamics Digital demands Influenced by Transport behaviour - Habit - Culture - Social Norms Personal preferences - Comfort - Convenience - Autonomy Socio-economic factors - Income - Pricing - Transport Options KEY DRIVERS SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS 2

26. 26 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 Tendency for customers to view transportation as an end-to-end experience instead of an individual product or service has increased SHIFT IN CUSTOMER PERSPECTIVE PRODUCT Vs CONNECTED SERVICES OWNING Vs SHARING BRAND Vs EXPERIENCE INDIVIDUAL PRODUCT PART OF AN ECOSYSTEMBECOMING  There is a shift in customer perspectives on how a product is perceived  Customer buying power increases with increase mobility choices, the customer buying power has also increased.  Customers have a choice between owning and sharing  A vehicle when becomes part of a mobility ecosystem where what matters is the overall experience CUSTOMER EXPERIENCE 3

27. 27 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 U R B A N I S M AND O W N E R S H I P

28. 28 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 Even where there is a strong cultural attachment to driving, this doesn’t necessarily extend to ownership 0 20 40 60 80 100 55-6435-44 Sentiments related to driving and personal vehicle ownership (2019) % of US and Canada respondents who “somewhat agree” or “completely agree” with sentiment 65+18-24 25-34 45-54 Urban Rural US Canada “If I didn’t have to own a car, I wouldn’t” “I enjoy driving”

29. 29 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 29 1 in 4Americans who agreed with the statement “In general, I would rather rent or lease expensive things than own them” Source: 2018 New Mobility Study by Vison Mobility and CuriosityCX 1 in 3respondents agreed globally

30. 30 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 Younger people show more inclination towards leasing or renting 51 39 47 49 45 31 38 68 47 35 23 25 27 22 27 29 58 43 16 12 11 5 10 27 22 53 37 0 20 40 60 80 100 CanadaUK “In general I would rather lease things than own them” (2019) % of respondents who “somewhat agree” or “completely agree” USFrance Germany Spain Australia India China Under 35 65 and over35-64 Source: Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019

31. 31 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 Those in urban areas show more inclination towards leasing or renting 45 32 35 31 33 33 35 65 43 23 14 15 17 14 26 27 44 44 0 20 40 60 80 100 “In general I would rather lease things than own them” (2019) % of respondents who “somewhat agree” or “completely agree” USUK CanadaGermanyFrance Spain Australia India China City Non-city Source: Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019

32. 32 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 Are people ditching their cars? As ride hailing increases, it substitutes personal vehicle usage 5% 8% 7% 17% 5% 8% 18%16% 13% 10% 26% 22% 29% 78% 79% 75% 55% 51% 42% 5% 5% 6% 6% 0 20 40 60 80 100 2-3x a month 1x a week Changes in personal vehicle ownership by frequency of ride hailing Percent 1x a monthLess than once a month 2-3x a week Daily Got rid of car and replaced it Had a car before and got rid of it No changes in car ownership No car previously, and still no car Had more than one before and got rid of one Frequency of ride hail use Increasing % of respondents who reduced vehicle ownership correlated with increased ride hailing use Source: Clewlow, R.R., and Mishra, G.S. (2018). Disruptive Transportation: The Adoption, Utilization and Impacts of Ride Hailing in the United States. UC Davis Institution of Transportation Studies.

33. 33 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 If available, most would use public transport more – this typically requires subsidised investment 84 84 83 74 70 70 69 67 58 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 FranceAustralia Germany “If it was convenient, I would use public transport more often” (2019) % of respondents who “somewhat agree” or “completely agree” SpainChina India UK Canada US Source: Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019

34. 34 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 Today’s agenda 01 New Mobility Landscape Mobility Knowledge and Adoption Consumer Sentiment New Mobility Interest 05 Micro-mobility Key mobility insights shaping our industry 02 03 04

35. 35 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 Interest in different mobility options in the US continues to decline 63 31 28 34 26 65 25 25 31 23 54 25 24 31 23 34 24 23 48 23 21 27 24 34 23 23 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% E-scooter sharePartial vehicle ownership Respondents who are “interested” or “very interested” in mobility options (2016-2019) Percent Carpooling with a stranger for no fee, except for fuel Carpooling with a fried for no fee, except for fuel P2P rentalCarpooling with a stranger for a small fee Monthly vehicle subscription service Bike share 2016 2017 2018 2019 Note: Option of monthly vehicle subscription, electric scooter share and bike share not provided in earliest two studies Source: Annual Mobility Studies 2016-19 There is interest in subscription, but awareness, availability, and price gets in the way

36. 36 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 c.45% of people are interested in hybrid and electric vehicles across countries. Interest appears to have risen in China in the last year 64 56 53 47 46 41 37 33 33 63 62 54 51 53 51 41 37 34 0 20 40 60 80 100 Canada Spain Respondents who are “interested” or “very interested” in ownership of electric and hybrid vehicles (2019) Percent UKUSIndia China France Germany Australia Electric vehicles Hybrid vehicles Source: Third Annual Mobility Study 2018; Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 Average % interest in hybrid = 50% Average % interest in electric = 46%

37. 37 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 The key concerns around ownership of electric vehicles are related to vehicle cost, range and lack of charging infrastructure Top 3 concerns around ownership of electric vehicles by country (2019) Other options presented which not did not feature in the top 3 were:  “Not enough vehicle choice”  “Uncertain resale value” 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd Source: Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 India 64% interest Lack of charging stations Too expensive to buy Prefer traditional vehicles 56% interest Too expensive to buy Lack of charging stations No charging facilities at home Canada 53% interest Not enough range Lack of charging stations Too long to charge China 47% interest Too expensive to buy Not enough range Lack of charging stations Spain 46% interest Too expensive to buy US Lack of charging stations No charging facilities at home France 41% interest Too expensive to buy Not enough range Lack of charging stations 37% interest Too expensive to buy Not enough range Lack of charging stations UK 33% interest Too expensive to buy Not enough range Too long to charge Germany 33% interest Too expensive to buy Not enough range Lack of charging stations Australia

38. 38 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 Interest in autonomous vehicles has stabilized in the US 45 46 42 4241 3941 37 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Interest in autonomous vehicles (2016-2019) Percent of respondents who are “somewhat interested” or “very interested” in autonomous vehicles Full Autonomous Limited Autonomous 2016 2017 2018 2019 Source: Annual Mobility Studies 2016-19

39. 39 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 Interest in autonomous vehicles has stayed stable in most countries and risen in China 43 50 41 40 45 28 24 25 56 55 43 41 39 36 29 28 22 0 20 40 60 80 100 US UKCanada Interest in autonomous vehicles (2018, 2019) Percent of respondents who are “somewhat interested” or “very interested” in autonomous vehicles ChinaIndia Spain France Australia Germany Source: Third Annual Mobility Study 2018; Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 2018 2019 38 43 39 33 35 25 25 24 47 54 40 36 46 23 24 23 19 0 20 40 60 80 100 China FranceSpainIndia USCanada AustraliaUK Germany Fully autonomous vehicles Partially autonomous vehicles

40. 40 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 Customers prioritize cost, convenience, ease of use and travel time over other considerations Top 3 transportation needs by country (2019) Other options presented which not did not feature in the top 3 were:  “Reducing impact to taxes or public debt”  “The ability to be productive while traveling” Source: Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd UK Reduced cost of use More convenient location to access Increased ease of use Increased speed to my destination France Reduced cost of use Less impact to the environment Increased speed to my destination Reduced cost of use Increased ease of use Germany Reduced cost of use Increased speed to my destination More convenient location to access Spain Reduced cost of use Australia More convenient location to access Increased ease of use US Reduced cost of use More convenient location to access Increased ease of use Canada Reduced cost of use More convenient location to access Increased ease of use More convenient location to access Reduced cost of use Increased ease of use India More convenient location to access Reduced cost of use Increase ease of use China

42. 42 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 The market for micro-mobility continues to expand Disrupting the car Alternatives to car ownership by trip length Micro-mobility Medium distance Long distance 0-5 miles 5-15 miles 15+ miles Bikes & scooters Ride hailing Car sharing 60% of trips in the US 25% of trips in the US 15% of trips in the US

43. 43 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 c. 1/3rd of those who are familiar with e-scooters have tried using them across countries 63 51 44 38 37 33 37 31 3332 16 16 14 8 8 12 7 11 0 20 40 60 80 100 US Germany Proportion of total respondents who are familiar with e-scooter share schemes, or have used them in the last six months (2019) Percent India China France Spain Australia Canada UK Source: Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 Familiarity Usage “Micro-mobility” uptake presented earlier is inclusive of bike share, which is more popular than e-scooter share in China

44. 44 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 The largest concerns related to e-scooter share schemes are a lack of designated drop-off points and resulting clutter, and the safety threat Other options presented which not did not feature in the top 3 were:  There are not enough e-scooters for me to use 1st 2nd 3rd India 32% usage No specified drop- off and collection e-scooters are a fad e-scooters are unsafe e-scooters create clutter 1st 2nd 3rd US No specified drop- off and collection e-scooters are unsafe e-scooters are unsafe No specified drop- off and collection e-scooters create clutter France e-scooters create clutter e-scooters are unsafe No specified drop- off and collection Spain Australia e-scooters are unsafe e-scooters create clutter e-scooters are a fad e-scooters create clutter e-scooters are unsafe No specified drop- off and collection Germany e-scooters create clutter No specified drop- off and collection e-scooters are unsafe Canada e-scooters create clutter Regulation is too harsh No specified drop- off and collection UK e-scooters create clutter China Source: Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 16% usage 16% usage 14% usage 8% usage 8% usage 12% usage 7% usage 11% usage ! ! No specified drop- off and collection e-scooters are unsafe ! ! ! ! ! !

45. 45 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 On average, 40% of people are familiar with e-scooters, however, of those familiar only 16% have used electric scooter sharing 40% 31% 16% Familiar Interested Used

46. 46 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 Typical user profile for e-scooter share scheme in the last six months 39% females Split by gender 61% males Source: Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 4 3 4 11 15 15 14 11 24 0 5 10 15 20 Usage by age group 42 28 18 12 12% 88% Own/lease a vehicle Do not own/lease a vehicle Split by car ownership 60+ 55-59 50-54 45-49 40-44 35-39 30-34 25-29 18-24 City Suburbs of City Small/ Medium Town Rural/ Country

47. 47 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 Familiarity with e-scooters is seen to be the strongest influence driving current usage 52 27 14 7 Familiarity Convenience Future usage Safety concerns Reasons for using a e-scooter include affordability, environmental friendliness and time savings over short distances

48. 48 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 T H E F U T U R E O F M O B I L I T Y

49. 49 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 Mobility landscape transformation – today’s View Car share Ride hailing Subscription Micro-Mobility Vehicle Retail Sales 2019 Growth MarketSize

50. 50 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 Mobility landscape transformation – future outlook Car share Ride hailing Subscription Micro-Mobility Vehicle Retail Sales 2040 Growth MarketSize Integrated MaaS Eco-System Micro- Mobility Robo-Taxi Smart Cities

51. 51 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 Summary  CASE (Connected, Autonomous, Shared, Electric) technologies continue to progress rapidly, even as consumer interest continues to slow for Autonomous  Ride Hailing has become so ubiquitous that it is almost on par with traditional transportation options in terms of consumer usage and knowledge  Though other shared mobility technologies are showing plateauing or declines in consumer interest, usage is still well behind awareness, suggesting potential strong upside to come.  Pushback on car ownership continues to increase – fueled by millennials, Gen Z and urban residents and compounded by a shift away from owning large purchases by young people 1 2 3 4

52. 52 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 Summary  China and India have very different new mobility users, requirements and usage patterns. There is potential for usage to leapfrog Western levels and substitute car ownership  Consumers continue to prioritize reduced cost, increased speed to destination and convenience in their mobility considerations  Micro-mobility continues to rapidly expand as a fun, convenient transportation solution, however consumers are very aware of the problems that go with roll out, such as safety, street clutter and other issues.  Electric Vehicles have progressed a long way in the last year, with new product launches, infrastructure roll outs and movement into heavy duty and machinery. EV interest is highest in India, Canada and China, with cost of ownership, range and charging infrastructure remaining as barriers. 5 6 7 8

53. 53 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 dave@Curiositycx.com jcarter@visionmobility.ca b.basu@lek.com

54. 54 Fourth Annual Mobility Study 2019 Questions A copy of this presentation is available upon request. We just ask you give us attribution if you use the data.

The 4th Annual New Mobility Study 2019

The 4th Annual New Mobility Study 2019

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The 4th Annual New Mobility Study 2019

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