The document defines indie rock as music made by independent artists without the help of a major record label. It discusses the origins of indie rock in the punk scenes of 1970s New York with bands like the Velvet Underground and Ramones. It then outlines several genres that emerged from punk like new wave, goth, no wave, and hardcore. The document concludes by listing some of the most important indie bands to emerge from the UK like The Smiths, Oasis, and Arctic Monkeys and from the US like Pixies, Interpol, and Arcade Fire.