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Module 1


UNDERSTANDING THE K to 12
 BASIC EDUCATION REFORM


                                  By: Llilian B. Salan
                                       Teacher II
Reference: Discussion Paper
  As of 05 October 2010       Balingasag Central School
Understanding k to 12 Enhanced Basic Education
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

As early as 1925, studies
have observed the           As one of the most
inadequacy of the basic     well studied reforms,
education curriculum.       recommendations of
                            either adding or
                            restoring 7th grade
                            or adding an extra
                            year to basic
                            education have been
                            put forward.
a) Monroe Survey (1925): Secondary
education did not prepare for life and
recommended          training         in
agriculture, commerce, and industry.
b) Prosser Survey (1930): Recommended to
improve phases of vocational
education such as 7th grade shop
work, provincial schools, practical arts
training in the regular high schools, home
economics, placement work,
gardening, and agricultural education.
c) UNESCO Mission
Survey (1949):
Recommended the
restoration of Grade 7.
d) Education Act of
1953: Under Section
3, mandates that “
the primary course
shall be composed of
four grades (Grades I
to IV) and the
intermediate course
of three grades
(Grade V to VII).”
e) Swanson Survey (1960):
Recommended the restoration of
           Grade 7.
f) Presidential Commission to Survey
Philippine Education (PCSPE)
(1970): High priority be given to the
implementation of an 11-year program;
Recommended program consists of 6 years
of compulsory elementary
education and 5 years of secondary.
.education
g) Congressional Commission
on Education (EDCOM) Report
(1991): If one year is to be
added in the education
program, it recommends one
of two
alternatives: Seven years of
elementary education or Five
years of secondary
education
h) Presidential
Commission on
Educational Reforms
(2000): Reform
proposals include the
establishment of a
one-year pre-
baccalaureate system
that would also bring
the Philippines at par
with other countries.
i) Presidential Task Force on Education
(2008): In discussions on a 12-year
pre-university program, it is important “to
specify the content of the 11th and 12th years
and benchmark these with programs
abroad.”
EDUCATION VISION
Every graduate of the Enhanced
K+12 Basic Education Program is
an empowered individual who has
learned, through a program that is
rooted on sound educational
principles and geared towards
excellence,
the      foundations    for      learning
throughout life, the competence to
engage in work and be productive, the
ability to coexist in fruitful harmony
with local and global communities, the
capability to engage in autonomous
critical thinking, and the capacity to
transform others and one’s self.
A Vision Grounded on Human
           Development:
The complete human
development of every graduate is
at the core of the Enhanced K+12
Basic Education Program.
Every     graduate        holds      an
understanding of the world around
and     a    zest      for    life-long
learning, which addresses every
child’s        basic          learning
needs, including learning to
learn,     the      acquisition      of
numeracy, literacy, and scientific
and technological knowledge as
applied to daily life.
The graduate also has the
courage, the drive, and the relevant
skills to engage in work and have a
productive life. Every graduate will be
able to embark in the modern world
prepared to meet challenges.
Every graduate will be able to think
for himself/herself and make sound
decisions on the best courses of
action to take in the different
circumstances of his or her life.
Every graduate is inculcated with the
 respect for human rights and values,
notably, MakaDiyos, Makatao, Makaba
 nsa, and Makakalikasan. This makes
 every graduate empowered to effect
positive changes in his/her life and that
               of others.
A Vision Achieved through an
        Enhanced Curriculum:
Every graduate of the Enhanced K+12
 Basic Education Program will benefit
    from a reformed and updated
curriculum that is focused on enabling
every child to achieve mastery of core
       competencies and skills.
A Vision that has Socio-Economic
                 Relevance:
            Every graduate of the
Enhanced K+12 Basic Education Program
    is ready to take his or her place as a
 productive member of society. They are
equipped to take on every opportunity in
  life he or she chooses to find work, to
  engage in higher studies, or to start an
          entrepreneurial endeavor.
This vision is consistent with the
definition of an educated Filipino
as conceived in the Philippine
Constitution and the World
Declaration on Education for All.
GOALS
The goal of the Enhanced K+12 Basic
Education Program is to create a
functional basic education system that
will produce productive and responsible
citizens equipped with the essential
competencies and skills for both life-
long learning and employment.
a) To give every student an
   opportunity to receive quality
 education based on an enhanced
and decongested curriculum that is
  internationally recognized and
            comparable.
b) To change public perception that
     high school education is just a
   preparation for college; rather, it
should allow one to take advantage of
  opportunities for gainful career or
employment and/or self-employment
in a rapidly changing and increasingly
        globalized environment.
BENEFITS OF
  ENHANCED BASIC
EDUCATION PROGRAM
The Enhanced K+12 Basic Education
Program will be instrumental in
achieving the nation’s vision of a high
school graduate. The benefits of the
K+12 proposal far outweigh the
additional costs that will be incurred by
both government and families.
To Individuals and Families

An enhanced curriculum will
decongest academic workload, giving
students more time to master
competencies and skills as well as time
for other learning opportunities
beyond the classroom, thus allowing
for a more holistic development.
Graduates will
possess
competencies and
skills relevant to
the job market.
Graduates will be
prepared for higher
education.
Graduates will be
able to earn higher
wages and/or better
prepared to start
their own business.
Graduates could now
be recognized
abroad.
For the Society and the Economy


The economy will experience
accelerated growth in the long
run. The objective of the K+12
program is to improve quality of
basic education.
The Philippine
education
system will be
at par with
international
standards.
A better educated society
provides a sound foundation for
   long-term socio-economic
         development.
ENHANCED K+12 BASIC
 EDUCATION MODEL
After considering various proposals
     and studies, the model that is
currently being proposed by DepEd is
    the K-6-4-2 Model. This model
  involves Kindergarten, six years of
 elementary education, four years of
  junior high school (Grades 7 to 10)
 and two years of senior high school
           (Grades 11 to 12).
Kindergarten and 12
years of quality basic
education is a right of
every
Filipino, therefore
these should be
provided by
government for free
in public schools.
Figure 1 K-6-4-2 Model
      Senior High School
Grade 11 to 12 (16-17 years old)
      Junior High School
Grade 7 to 10 (12-15 years old)
      Elementary School
 Grade 1 to 6 ( 6-11 years old)
  Kindergarten ( 5 years old)
The implementation of the K+12
program will be phased. Universal
kindergarten will be offered starting SY
2011-2012. By SY 2012-2013, the new
curriculum will be offered to incoming
Grade 1 as well as to incoming junior
high school students.
The SHS curriculum (which assumes
already an unclogged basic education
curriculum)     will offer areas of
specialization or electives such as
science and technology, music and
arts,          agriculture        and
fisheries, sports, business and
entrepreneurship, etc., and subjects
for advanced placement.
In     implementing      the     K-6-4-2
proposal, DepEd will take into account
the issues
and         concerns         of       all
stakeholders, including the high school
graduates before 2016. The mechanics
and other details of the transition plan
will be threshed out with HEIs in
coordination with CHED, TESDA and
other critical stakeholders.
GUIDING PRINCIPLES

          The enhancement of
          the curriculum is
          the central focus of
          the Enhanced
          K+12 Basic
          Education Program.
The development of
         tracks based on
different competencies
          and/or student
     interest will be an
 integral component of
            the program.
As part of the bigger
basic education
reform, the
enhancement of the
basic education
curriculum is being
undertaken hand in
hand with the vigorous
efforts to ensure
adequacy of inputs.
Change is two-fold:
curriculum
enhancement and
transition
management.
An open and
consultative
process will be
adopted in the
promotion of the
Enhanced K+12
Basic Education
Program.
Understanding k to 12 Enhanced Basic Education

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Understanding k to 12 Enhanced Basic Education

  • 1. Module 1 UNDERSTANDING THE K to 12 BASIC EDUCATION REFORM By: Llilian B. Salan Teacher II Reference: Discussion Paper As of 05 October 2010 Balingasag Central School
  • 3. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND As early as 1925, studies have observed the As one of the most inadequacy of the basic well studied reforms, education curriculum. recommendations of either adding or restoring 7th grade or adding an extra year to basic education have been put forward.
  • 4. a) Monroe Survey (1925): Secondary education did not prepare for life and recommended training in agriculture, commerce, and industry.
  • 5. b) Prosser Survey (1930): Recommended to improve phases of vocational education such as 7th grade shop work, provincial schools, practical arts training in the regular high schools, home economics, placement work, gardening, and agricultural education.
  • 6. c) UNESCO Mission Survey (1949): Recommended the restoration of Grade 7.
  • 7. d) Education Act of 1953: Under Section 3, mandates that “ the primary course shall be composed of four grades (Grades I to IV) and the intermediate course of three grades (Grade V to VII).”
  • 8. e) Swanson Survey (1960): Recommended the restoration of Grade 7.
  • 9. f) Presidential Commission to Survey Philippine Education (PCSPE) (1970): High priority be given to the implementation of an 11-year program; Recommended program consists of 6 years of compulsory elementary education and 5 years of secondary. .education
  • 10. g) Congressional Commission on Education (EDCOM) Report (1991): If one year is to be added in the education program, it recommends one of two alternatives: Seven years of elementary education or Five years of secondary education
  • 11. h) Presidential Commission on Educational Reforms (2000): Reform proposals include the establishment of a one-year pre- baccalaureate system that would also bring the Philippines at par with other countries.
  • 12. i) Presidential Task Force on Education (2008): In discussions on a 12-year pre-university program, it is important “to specify the content of the 11th and 12th years and benchmark these with programs abroad.”
  • 14. Every graduate of the Enhanced K+12 Basic Education Program is an empowered individual who has learned, through a program that is rooted on sound educational principles and geared towards excellence,
  • 15. the foundations for learning throughout life, the competence to engage in work and be productive, the ability to coexist in fruitful harmony with local and global communities, the capability to engage in autonomous critical thinking, and the capacity to transform others and one’s self.
  • 16. A Vision Grounded on Human Development: The complete human development of every graduate is at the core of the Enhanced K+12 Basic Education Program.
  • 17. Every graduate holds an understanding of the world around and a zest for life-long learning, which addresses every child’s basic learning needs, including learning to learn, the acquisition of numeracy, literacy, and scientific and technological knowledge as applied to daily life.
  • 18. The graduate also has the courage, the drive, and the relevant skills to engage in work and have a productive life. Every graduate will be able to embark in the modern world prepared to meet challenges.
  • 19. Every graduate will be able to think for himself/herself and make sound decisions on the best courses of action to take in the different circumstances of his or her life.
  • 20. Every graduate is inculcated with the respect for human rights and values, notably, MakaDiyos, Makatao, Makaba nsa, and Makakalikasan. This makes every graduate empowered to effect positive changes in his/her life and that of others.
  • 21. A Vision Achieved through an Enhanced Curriculum: Every graduate of the Enhanced K+12 Basic Education Program will benefit from a reformed and updated curriculum that is focused on enabling every child to achieve mastery of core competencies and skills.
  • 22. A Vision that has Socio-Economic Relevance: Every graduate of the Enhanced K+12 Basic Education Program is ready to take his or her place as a productive member of society. They are equipped to take on every opportunity in life he or she chooses to find work, to engage in higher studies, or to start an entrepreneurial endeavor.
  • 23. This vision is consistent with the definition of an educated Filipino as conceived in the Philippine Constitution and the World Declaration on Education for All.
  • 24. GOALS The goal of the Enhanced K+12 Basic Education Program is to create a functional basic education system that will produce productive and responsible citizens equipped with the essential competencies and skills for both life- long learning and employment.
  • 25. a) To give every student an opportunity to receive quality education based on an enhanced and decongested curriculum that is internationally recognized and comparable.
  • 26. b) To change public perception that high school education is just a preparation for college; rather, it should allow one to take advantage of opportunities for gainful career or employment and/or self-employment in a rapidly changing and increasingly globalized environment.
  • 27. BENEFITS OF ENHANCED BASIC EDUCATION PROGRAM
  • 28. The Enhanced K+12 Basic Education Program will be instrumental in achieving the nation’s vision of a high school graduate. The benefits of the K+12 proposal far outweigh the additional costs that will be incurred by both government and families.
  • 29. To Individuals and Families An enhanced curriculum will decongest academic workload, giving students more time to master competencies and skills as well as time for other learning opportunities beyond the classroom, thus allowing for a more holistic development.
  • 30. Graduates will possess competencies and skills relevant to the job market.
  • 31. Graduates will be prepared for higher education.
  • 32. Graduates will be able to earn higher wages and/or better prepared to start their own business.
  • 33. Graduates could now be recognized abroad.
  • 34. For the Society and the Economy The economy will experience accelerated growth in the long run. The objective of the K+12 program is to improve quality of basic education.
  • 35. The Philippine education system will be at par with international standards.
  • 36. A better educated society provides a sound foundation for long-term socio-economic development.
  • 37. ENHANCED K+12 BASIC EDUCATION MODEL
  • 38. After considering various proposals and studies, the model that is currently being proposed by DepEd is the K-6-4-2 Model. This model involves Kindergarten, six years of elementary education, four years of junior high school (Grades 7 to 10) and two years of senior high school (Grades 11 to 12).
  • 39. Kindergarten and 12 years of quality basic education is a right of every Filipino, therefore these should be provided by government for free in public schools.
  • 40. Figure 1 K-6-4-2 Model Senior High School Grade 11 to 12 (16-17 years old) Junior High School Grade 7 to 10 (12-15 years old) Elementary School Grade 1 to 6 ( 6-11 years old) Kindergarten ( 5 years old)
  • 41. The implementation of the K+12 program will be phased. Universal kindergarten will be offered starting SY 2011-2012. By SY 2012-2013, the new curriculum will be offered to incoming Grade 1 as well as to incoming junior high school students.
  • 42. The SHS curriculum (which assumes already an unclogged basic education curriculum) will offer areas of specialization or electives such as science and technology, music and arts, agriculture and fisheries, sports, business and entrepreneurship, etc., and subjects for advanced placement.
  • 43. In implementing the K-6-4-2 proposal, DepEd will take into account the issues and concerns of all stakeholders, including the high school graduates before 2016. The mechanics and other details of the transition plan will be threshed out with HEIs in coordination with CHED, TESDA and other critical stakeholders.
  • 44. GUIDING PRINCIPLES The enhancement of the curriculum is the central focus of the Enhanced K+12 Basic Education Program.
  • 45. The development of tracks based on different competencies and/or student interest will be an integral component of the program.
  • 46. As part of the bigger basic education reform, the enhancement of the basic education curriculum is being undertaken hand in hand with the vigorous efforts to ensure adequacy of inputs.
  • 47. Change is two-fold: curriculum enhancement and transition management.
  • 48. An open and consultative process will be adopted in the promotion of the Enhanced K+12 Basic Education Program.