2. LEARNING OUTCOMES
Able to list the properties of glass
Able to list types of glass, their
properties and uses.
Able to list properties of ceramic
Able to list uses of ceramic
3. GLASS
1. Glass is made from sand.
2. Main component of glass is silica.
3. Properties of glass are:
a) Hard but brittle
b) Chemically inert
c) Not permeable to gas and liquid (fluid)
d) Does not conduct electricity or heat
e) Transparent
4. 4. The use of glass depends on their
properties.
5. The 4 types of glass studied here are:
a) Fused glass
b) Soda lime glass
c) Borosilicate glass
d) Lead crystal glass
5. FUSED GLASS
1. Fused quartz glass is the simplest glass.
2. Main component of glass is silica.
3. Properties of fused glass:
a) High purity and optical transparency
b) High softening point
c) Low coefficient of thermal expansion
d) Chemical durability
e) Difficult and expensive to produce
6. 4. Uses of fused glass:
a) Laboratory glassware
b) Lenses
c) Telescope mirrors
d) Optical fibres
7. SODA-LIME GLASS
1. Soda-lime glass is the most common glass.
2. Produced by heating silica with sodium
oxide and calcium oxide.
3. Properties of soda-lime glass:
a) Low softening point- easy to make into
different shapes
b) High thermal coefficient of expansion
c) Low resistance to chemical attacks
9. BOROSILICATE GLASS
1. Borosilicate glass is formed when boron
oxide is added to soda-lime glass.
2. Was first developed by German glassmaker
Otto Schott in the late 19th century.
3. Properties of borosilicate glass:
a) Very low thermal expansion coefficient
b) High softening point
c) Resistant to thermal shock
d) Chemically resistant
Otto Schott in 1890
10. 4. Uses of borosilicate glass:
a) Laboratory glassware such as
beakers, boiling tubes, flasks etc.
b) Cookware
c) Glass containers
11. LEAD GLASS
1. Commonly known as lead crystal.
2. Made by using lead oxide and potassium
oxide.
3. Lead glass has a high refractive index and a
relatively soft surface that is easy to grind, cut
and engrave.
4. Properties of lead glass are:
a) High refractive index
b) High density
c) Attractive glittery/shiny appearance
12. 5. Uses of lead glass include
a) prisms
b) decorative objects such as
decanters and chandeliers.
14. CERAMIC
1. Ceramic is made from clay.
2. Main component of clay is aluminosilicate.
3. Properties of ceramics are:
a) Very hard and strong but brittle
b) Chemically inert
c) Has very high melting point
d) Heat and electrical insulators
e) Opaque and porous
15. 4. Ceramics are used in many areas such as:
a) Construction materials, e.g. bricks, roof tiles,
sinks and toilet bowls.
b) Decorative items, e.g pottery, plates, cups
and vases and wall tiles
c) Electrical insulators, e.g. insulators for
toasters, refrigerators and electric plugs.
d) Medical field, e.g. dentures and prosthetic
limbs.
5. Ceramics can also be improved to new
composite materials such as
superconducters.
16. SIMILARITIES BETWEEN GLASS AND CERAMIC
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Hard but brittle
Good electrical and heat insulator
Do not corrode
Resistant to chemical attacks
Can withstand compression
17. DIFFERENCES BETWEEN GLASS AND CERAMIC
CERAMIC
GLASS
1.Transparent
1.
2.Can
2.
be melted
and remoulded
3.Does not have a
melting point
3.
Opaque
Cannot be melted
and remoulded
Have very high
melting point
