Pecha Kucha presentation for Transforming Transportation 2016 on Equitable Transit Oriented Development

1. Flexible Transportation +
Flexible Land Use =
New Kinds of TOD
Lisa Nisenson
@GreaterPlaces | @CityDesignCards
Transforming Transportation 2016

2. If on-demand transportation services
(Uber Pool & Bridj) mimic low cost, good
transit service
Can we also “mimic” TOD?
Premise
@CityDesignCards

3. Growing Demand
Snail’s Pace Supply
Inefficient Land Use
Problem
@CityDesignCards

4. Walkability, bikes, shared use mobility & rideshare
Technology – on demand & mobile
New mobility hubs not reliant on fixed guideway transit
Flexibility in land use, transit stations, travel options
Opportunity: Tools to Increase Supply
@CityDesignCards

5. 1. From Fixed Guideway to Flexible Transit
2. From Fixed Uses in Zoning & Building Codes to
Flex Uses
3. From Fixed Conduits to Flexible, Green
Infrastructure
4. From Insistence on Fixed Guideways by Real
Estate Developers for TOD to Medium Density
Hubs
Disruption: Mindset Change From Fixed to Flexible
@CityDesignCards

6. • First – let’s look at lower cost,
flexible vehicles because that
can expand supply with lower
costs
• This manufacturer customizes
vehicles including types for all
climates
• Increasing the accessibility fleet
this is an important aspects of
equitable TOD.
Cruisecar Inc.
Method 1: Light, flexible vehicles
Current + ongoing innovation with solar & urban delivery
@CityDesignCards

7. • A second strategy is modular
amenities like bike share, bus
stops and flex parking spaces
• These can be deployed as
needed for events, rush hour
• Can even be used to test where
permanent stations would be
most effective or supply stations
during redevelopment
Fat Pencil Studios
Method 2: Modular Transit Stations
Current - Small Scale
@CityDesignCards

8. Split/Bridj
Method 3: On-Demand Ride & Vanshare Pick up/Drop Off
Underway in select cities with testing in growing number of medium-sized markets
@CityDesignCards
• A third strategy is to establish
pick and drop off points in
existing areas for rideshare
companies
• Noted yesterday, San Francisco
urging dispersal of pick up/drop
off points away from heavily
use transit stations
• Helps the companies – efficiency
• Helps awareness of the services

9. • If transit is more efficient for cities
than single occupancy vehicles, the
same holds true for driverless.
• These trams can serve areas away
from – or feeding into – fixed
guideway
• Progression: private campus >
short spur > long spur > loops
• “First-Last 2-3 miles!”
• Allows the placemaking dividend –
density, use mix
Method 4: Driverless Trams & Transit
Initial Testing – typically private closed campuses
CityMobile2
@CityDesignCards

10. • A fifth strategy installation of
shared use services in existing
areas.
• Make use of existing areas
• Challenge: currently very little
planning dedicated to
sidewalk/curb for shared use
• Competition for sidewalk space,
including existing uses: sidewalk
cafes, landscaping, utilitiesShared Use Mobility Summit: Tim Papendreou
Method 5: Shared Use Mobility Kiosks & Spaces
Underway in cities with shared vehicles & bikes
@CityDesignCards

11. • Retrofitting suburbs important for
equity
• Climate
• As cities become expensive,
suburbs home to low income
families – imperative to add choice
• Expansive parking lots =
opportunity areas for mobility hubs
• Can lead to infill development
• Integrate flex freight to reduce
GHG
Method 6: Sprawl Retrofit
Current – suburban areas where projects “pencil out” for infill & redevelopment
Dan Sturges
@CityDesignCards

12. Method 7: Mobility Hubs for Flexible (Non-fixed) Transportation
Expansion of current bus hubs and “Kiss and Ride” drop off areas
MetroLynx
@CityDesignCards
• In U.S. – called “Kiss and
Ride”
• Expand to serve numerous
public and private
transportation companies for
both heavy & flexible modes
• Coordinate inter-city bus
• Include room for
transportation innovation to
come.

13. Method 8: Bike Trail Oriented TOD
Growing – usually in cities with trails, protected bike lanes & on-street lanes
Zillow@CityDesignCards
• Reminder – bike and walk trips
are the lowest cost modes
• As more cities add protected
lanes, ties to trails and sharrows,
Bike Oriented TOD like this one in
Portland are economically feasible.
• Amenities – lockers, storage
• Co-locate car share
• Requires commitment to maintain
bike infrastructure

14. • Paying for infrastructure is the
most important question mark
• Chicago – Surcharge on
Transportation Network Companies
(e.g. Lyft, Uber)
• Sent to General Fund
• What if? Mobility Benefit
Districts? Existing models
• Tax Increment Financing (TIF)
• Parking Benefit Districts
• Benefits TNCs
• Deliberate design for on-demand and
shared use mobilityVicktor Hanacek
Strategy 9: Rideshare Surcharges -> Mobility Benefit Districts
Small number of Cities (Chicago) where fees fed into general fund
@CityDesignCards

15. Transit Screen & Ride Scout
Method 10: Tech + Apps into Transportation Demand Management
Experimental in cities with TDM programs
• Transportation Demand
Management plans are as
important as Transportation
Chapter and the Capital
Improvement Plan
• A City’s PR Firm for how to get
around
• Challenge: Puts cities in position of
promoting private companies
• However- allows cities to extend
awareness of apps (parking, car
share) to car-dependent areas.

16. • Pop Up shops are uses, typically less
than 1 year lease
• Can match demand with existing,
vacant supply
• Child care
• Civic Uses
• Equity Angle - “Affordable Retail”
• Challenge – Rigid lists of uses within
zoning codes.
Method 11: Architecture – Temporary Pop Ups: Retail, Civic
Underway - usually as Economic Development Strategies
@CityDesignCards

17. • If we can have “on demand
transportation” can we also have “on
demand” land use?
• Buildings intentionally designed with
flexible public/private first floor
space?
• P3’s for space?
• Transit hubs
• Markets
• Civic Uses & Meeting Space
Method 12: “On Demand” Architecture – Space that can flex for
housing, retail, transportation, civic space, etc…
On our wish list 
@CityDesignCards

18. Walkability, Bikes, Shared Use Mobility & Rideshare
Technology & Apps
Distributed Mobility Hubs
Flexibility in land use, transit stations, travel options
Strategy Recap
@CityDesignCards

19. What Can We Do? Opportunities
Note: Varies by availability & readiness
Cost High
Cost Low
Complexity HighComplexity Low
Light, flexible vehicles
Modular Transit Stations
Ride & Vanshare Pick up/Drop Off
Driverless Trams & Transit
Shared Use Mobility Kiosks
Sprawl Retrofit
Mobility Hubs
Bike Trail Oriented TOD
Rideshare Surcharges
Tech + Apps -> TDM
Temporary Pop Ups
“On Demand” Architecture
@CityDesignCards

20. Thank You & More Information
City Design Method Cards
@CityDesignCards
(Coming to Kickstarter 2016)
Cards + App + Games + Web
GreaterPlaces – www.greaterplaces.com
Planetizen Top 10 Urban Planning Sites
Connecting people seeking ineas & inspiration with civic
innovators globally
Consulting – Help cities adopt new technology into
traditional planning & governance
@GreaterPlaces & @DOtankDC
Lisa Nisenson: lisa@greaterplaces.com