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Marketing Advice for Startups



        September 27, 2012
About Me




 Connector
…Understanding the new social
 customer

  Unraveling their               Identifying and
lifestyle, pains, pa             connecting with
       ssions                       those who
                                 influence them




                                   Connecting the
 Identifying their                  dots between
      media                        brands and their
  consumption                       customer with/
     choices                        social content



                                                   3
What the heck is marketing?
(Scratch) Marketing

A marketer’s only permanent alliance is with the
audience.
                                       Erin Kissane (adapted)

Our responsibility is to:
• Understand the user’s mental model before
  designing products, websites or creating copy
• Validate assumptions about the audience
• Tune the communications to suit that audience



                                                           5
Evolving Marketing

The Evolution of Marketing
• Up to 1980’s: Marketing the past
    •   Telemarketing, Radio, billboards, posters, print media
• 1980-1990’s: Marketing the present
    •   Database marketing, relationship marketing, e-commerce, spam,
        guerilla marketing, CRM gains dominance in strategy
• 2000+: Marketing the (social) future
    •   Social media, an ongoing effort, creative exploration in
        developing technology and platforms

Marketing of the Future
• Products/services are never finished
• Products/services never stand alone
Sooo 1980’s…




     Sooo cool…




                  7
2000’s: What People Buy

• Promise that the brand will continue to deliver
  now and in the future
• Trust = the belief that a brand is capable of
  delivering now and in the future
You want to be a great marketer?
You need to understand two things
Human Behavior
Understanding Human Behavior




  Source: Human 1.0
How we get persuaded




  Source: Robert Cialdini, Influence
We are wired for reciprocity




   Source: Human 1.0
Why we go out of our way to
punish others




   Source: Human 1.0
How we make decisions…




  Source: Human 1.0
Systems Thinking
Startup Marketing: You Have
Been Warned




Source: @MikeTrap
                              17
Startup Marketing: The Reality



• Used a video of a non-       • Started as a platform for
  existent product to gather     gathering support using
  feedback                       “tipping points”
• Formulated hypotheses        • Customers told them that
  about features and tested      the idea was too abstract
  them rapidly                   and unfocused
• Changed marketing            • The company almost ran
  approach and feature set       out of money
  when hypotheses were         • Found that only one
  disconfirmed by market         aspect was working,
  feedback                       group deals
Startup Marketing: The Reality


          Payment system for PDAs


          Massive multi-player game


          Video-dating site


          Automated email recommendation service


          Podcasting (as Odeo)
Systems Thinking




                   20
Feedback and Loops

• Validate needs
• Collect customer
  feedback, have the
  mechanisms to adjust
• Perpetual listening and
  integration of data for
  meaningful feedback




                            21
Marketing Disruptive Products


                           22
In High Tech, Marketing is More About
Opps than Current Market

Current Market                                Demand Opportunity
Current products meet current                 Novel products, often targeting
customers                                     non-users
Needs well understood and stable              Needs not well-defined, likely to
                                              change
Substitutes for existing products             Creates new categories of
within category                               demand
Selection, resulting in market                Rate of adoption and penetration
share
Size of market, ease of addressing Potential benefits vs. behavioral
                                   change


 Source: Michael Davies, Endeavour Partners
                                                                                  23
Novel, Innovative Tech Products:
Difficult to Adopt
• Most people, most of the time loathe change
    • Investment in time and effort
    • Uncertainty, anxiety
• Not familiar with novel products and
  their potential
    • Novel products always require trade-offs
    • Evaluation based on perceived value,
      relative to products in use
    • Sensitive to loss aversion
• Companies underestimate the switching costs,
  overestimate the potential benefits
Source: Michael Davies, Endeavour Partners
                                                 24
The Gap b/n Eager Sellers and
Stony Buyers




Source: Michael Davies, Endeavour Partners
                                             25
What Can You to Do to Drive
Rapid Adoption?
• Accept resistance
    • Anticipate long adoption
    • Manage accordingly
• Strive for >10x gain:
    • Make relative benefits so great they overcome customers’
      overweighting of potential losses
• Minimize resistance:
    • Target non-users – don’t use product now, no change
      needed or the unendowed
    • Target segments of customers who don’t give up as much
    • Make behaviorally compatible products
Source: Michael Davies, Endeavour Partners
                                                             26
Go-to-Market Perspectives


                       27
Go-to-Market Plan Inputs

•   Customer understanding: pains and passions
•   Business plan and goals
•   Sales plan and goals
•   Addressable market and potential entry points
•   Positioning and segmentation




                                                    28
Before You Start: Figure Out
Unique Shtick




  Source: @MikeTrap            29
Stance: Finders Keeper




                         30
The New Sales and Marketing
Funnel




                              31
Social Media – It’s not about the
tools




                                    32
PR/ Influencers

• Framework
  • What are you doing?
  • Why does it matter?
  • Why should people care about it now?
• Hire agencies for the right reasons
  • Don’t ask them if they have a rolodex of media
    contacts
  • Ask them if they will build media relations for you



                                                          33
Advertising = Influencer Marketing

• Push is dead; it is all about the right pull
• Decision-making is a complex & strategic
  process
• Although there is an ultimate decision-maker,
  there are numerous others involved to inform,
  support and validate decisions




                                                  34
Content Marketing

                    9 out of 10 B2B organizations
                    market with content and 60%
                    will increase spend in 2012:




                                                    35
Measurement


         36
Customer Metrics: LTV




                        37
Customer Metrics: Net Promoter
Score




Source: @MikeTrap
                                 38
Customer Metrics: Customer
Referral Value




                             39
Resources

• Books:
   • Thinking in Systems by Donella Meadows
   • Momentum: How Companies Become Unstoppable
     Market Forces by Ron Ricci and John Volkmann
   • Influencer Marketing by Duncan Brown and Nick Hayes
   • Building Strong Brands by David A. Aaker
   • Predictably Irrational by Dan Ariely
   • The Psychology of Influence by Robert Cialdini
   • CRM at the Speed of Light by Paul Greenberg
• Marketing Destinations:
   • Awareness, Inc.
   • Marketo
   • HubSpot

                                                           40
Contact me

•   Lora Kratchounova
•   Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/ScratchMM
•   LinkedIn: www.linkedin.com/in/scratch
•   lora@scratchmm.com




                                                41

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Systems Thinking in Marketing

  • 1. Marketing Advice for Startups September 27, 2012
  • 3. …Understanding the new social customer Unraveling their Identifying and lifestyle, pains, pa connecting with ssions those who influence them Connecting the Identifying their dots between media brands and their consumption customer with/ choices social content 3
  • 4. What the heck is marketing?
  • 5. (Scratch) Marketing A marketer’s only permanent alliance is with the audience. Erin Kissane (adapted) Our responsibility is to: • Understand the user’s mental model before designing products, websites or creating copy • Validate assumptions about the audience • Tune the communications to suit that audience 5
  • 6. Evolving Marketing The Evolution of Marketing • Up to 1980’s: Marketing the past • Telemarketing, Radio, billboards, posters, print media • 1980-1990’s: Marketing the present • Database marketing, relationship marketing, e-commerce, spam, guerilla marketing, CRM gains dominance in strategy • 2000+: Marketing the (social) future • Social media, an ongoing effort, creative exploration in developing technology and platforms Marketing of the Future • Products/services are never finished • Products/services never stand alone
  • 7. Sooo 1980’s… Sooo cool… 7
  • 8. 2000’s: What People Buy • Promise that the brand will continue to deliver now and in the future • Trust = the belief that a brand is capable of delivering now and in the future
  • 9. You want to be a great marketer? You need to understand two things
  • 11. Understanding Human Behavior Source: Human 1.0
  • 12. How we get persuaded Source: Robert Cialdini, Influence
  • 13. We are wired for reciprocity Source: Human 1.0
  • 14. Why we go out of our way to punish others Source: Human 1.0
  • 15. How we make decisions… Source: Human 1.0
  • 17. Startup Marketing: You Have Been Warned Source: @MikeTrap 17
  • 18. Startup Marketing: The Reality • Used a video of a non- • Started as a platform for existent product to gather gathering support using feedback “tipping points” • Formulated hypotheses • Customers told them that about features and tested the idea was too abstract them rapidly and unfocused • Changed marketing • The company almost ran approach and feature set out of money when hypotheses were • Found that only one disconfirmed by market aspect was working, feedback group deals
  • 19. Startup Marketing: The Reality Payment system for PDAs Massive multi-player game Video-dating site Automated email recommendation service Podcasting (as Odeo)
  • 21. Feedback and Loops • Validate needs • Collect customer feedback, have the mechanisms to adjust • Perpetual listening and integration of data for meaningful feedback 21
  • 23. In High Tech, Marketing is More About Opps than Current Market Current Market Demand Opportunity Current products meet current Novel products, often targeting customers non-users Needs well understood and stable Needs not well-defined, likely to change Substitutes for existing products Creates new categories of within category demand Selection, resulting in market Rate of adoption and penetration share Size of market, ease of addressing Potential benefits vs. behavioral change Source: Michael Davies, Endeavour Partners 23
  • 24. Novel, Innovative Tech Products: Difficult to Adopt • Most people, most of the time loathe change • Investment in time and effort • Uncertainty, anxiety • Not familiar with novel products and their potential • Novel products always require trade-offs • Evaluation based on perceived value, relative to products in use • Sensitive to loss aversion • Companies underestimate the switching costs, overestimate the potential benefits Source: Michael Davies, Endeavour Partners 24
  • 25. The Gap b/n Eager Sellers and Stony Buyers Source: Michael Davies, Endeavour Partners 25
  • 26. What Can You to Do to Drive Rapid Adoption? • Accept resistance • Anticipate long adoption • Manage accordingly • Strive for >10x gain: • Make relative benefits so great they overcome customers’ overweighting of potential losses • Minimize resistance: • Target non-users – don’t use product now, no change needed or the unendowed • Target segments of customers who don’t give up as much • Make behaviorally compatible products Source: Michael Davies, Endeavour Partners 26
  • 28. Go-to-Market Plan Inputs • Customer understanding: pains and passions • Business plan and goals • Sales plan and goals • Addressable market and potential entry points • Positioning and segmentation 28
  • 29. Before You Start: Figure Out Unique Shtick Source: @MikeTrap 29
  • 31. The New Sales and Marketing Funnel 31
  • 32. Social Media – It’s not about the tools 32
  • 33. PR/ Influencers • Framework • What are you doing? • Why does it matter? • Why should people care about it now? • Hire agencies for the right reasons • Don’t ask them if they have a rolodex of media contacts • Ask them if they will build media relations for you 33
  • 34. Advertising = Influencer Marketing • Push is dead; it is all about the right pull • Decision-making is a complex & strategic process • Although there is an ultimate decision-maker, there are numerous others involved to inform, support and validate decisions 34
  • 35. Content Marketing 9 out of 10 B2B organizations market with content and 60% will increase spend in 2012: 35
  • 38. Customer Metrics: Net Promoter Score Source: @MikeTrap 38
  • 40. Resources • Books: • Thinking in Systems by Donella Meadows • Momentum: How Companies Become Unstoppable Market Forces by Ron Ricci and John Volkmann • Influencer Marketing by Duncan Brown and Nick Hayes • Building Strong Brands by David A. Aaker • Predictably Irrational by Dan Ariely • The Psychology of Influence by Robert Cialdini • CRM at the Speed of Light by Paul Greenberg • Marketing Destinations: • Awareness, Inc. • Marketo • HubSpot 40
  • 41. Contact me • Lora Kratchounova • Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/ScratchMM • LinkedIn: www.linkedin.com/in/scratch • lora@scratchmm.com 41