Cultural evolution refers to the development of human culture from simple to complex forms over time in response to factors like climate change and population growth. During the Paleolithic period, early humans used stone tools and fire and created cave paintings. The Neolithic period saw the development of polished stone tools, agriculture, animal domestication, and permanent settlements. Human societies progressed from hunting and gathering to horticultural, pastoral, agricultural, industrial, and post-industrial forms, each utilizing new technologies and resources. The Metal Age brought about production of metals and changes to ritual life and interaction between groups.

1. Cultural evolution of early to
modern humans
Dennis R. Arcillo, LPT

2. The Pre-historic Human
Achievements

3. Cultural evolution or Sociocultural
evolution
Refers to the changes or development in
cultures from a simple form to a more
complex form of human culture.
Happens as a result of human adaptation
to different factors like climatic changes
and population increase

4. Paleolithic Period Old Stone Age
1. Humans used stones found in nature. They used roughed
stones for tools and weapons
2. They produced fire by rubbing two stones together
3. Monumental cave paintings and engravings were found
4. There was early use of language from the fact that humans
traversed large swaths of land, established settlements, created
tools, traded, and, and instituted social hierarchies and cultures.
5. There was absolute dependence on nature
6. Caves and rock shelters near water source served as their
houses

5. Neolithic Period
1. They used polished and bladed stones.
2. They started agriculture and established settlement in
permanent villages
3. There was more domestication of animals
4. Early men moved out of caves and went out to the coast
5. There was the appearance of crafts such as pottery and
weaving
6. The had permanent homes, usually made of timber or mud
bricks.

6. Characteristics of Human
Societies
- Large – practically
- Social System –territorial
- Culture Sharing
- Sustain itself across generation
- The recruitment of members from within

7. Types of Human Societies
1. Hunting and Food gathering
Society
- Earliest form of human society
- People survive by foraging
for vegetable foods
- Small game fishing & hunting
wild animals
- Tools made up of stones, wood and
bones

8. Types of Human Societies
2. Horticultural Societies
- People learn to use human
muscle power
- Depends on domestication and
farming
- There’s already the political
organization

9. Types of Human Societies
3. Pastoral Societies
- Rely more on herding and
domestication of animals
- Nomadic way of living but in an
ending quest for
pasture and water

10. Types of Human Societies
4. Agricultural Society
- use of plow in farming
- There’s the creation of irrigation
system

11. Types of Human Societies
5. Industrial Society
- Mechanical means of
production
- Creates highly organize
system of exchange
between suppliers &
Manufacturers

12. Types of Human Societies
5. Post-Industrial Society
- Depends on specialize
Knowledge to bring
about Continuing
progress of Technology
- Characterize by the spread of
computer industries

13. Metal Age
1. They began consciously to produce metals.
2. Changes in settlement organization, ritual life, and
interaction between the societies were evident
3. They showed signs of being dependent on rivers as
primary source of food.

14. Metal Age