2. Safety Guidelines
•Avoid horse playing.
•Always wear your facemask and
rubber gloves.
•Always bring your tools.
•Follow the standard operating
procedure.
•Report to the Teacher if there are
unnecessary things inside the
workplace/laboratory.

5. LIGHT BULBS
•Also called electric lights
•It is a device that produces visible
light from electric power.
•Most common form of
artificial lighting and is essential
to modern society.

6. LIGHT BULBS
•Lamps usually have a base made
of ceramic, metal, glass, or plastic,
which secures the lamp in the socket
of a light fixture.
•Electrical connection to the socket
may be made with a screw-thread
base, two metal pins, two metal caps
or a bayonet cap.

7. LIGHT BULBS

8. LIGHT BULBS

9. LIGHT BULBS

10. INCANDESCENT LAMP
•Devices that produces light by heating
a suitable material to a high
temperature.
•Electric light with a wire filament
heated until it glows.

12. FLUORESCENT LAMP
•It is a low-pressure mercury-vapor
gas-discharge lamp that uses
fluorescence to produce visible light.
•An electric current in the gas excites
mercury vapor, which produces short-
wave ultraviolet light that then causes
a phosphor coating on the inside of
the lamp to glow.

13. FLUORESCENT LAMP

14. LED LAMPS
•LED stands for light emitting diode.
•An electrical current passes through a
microchip, which illuminates the tiny
light sources we call LEDs and the
result is visible light.

15. LED (Light Emitting Diode)
•LED lighting products produce light up
to 90% more efficiently than
incandescent light bulbs
•LED is today's most energy-efficient
and rapidly-developing lighting
technology.

16. LED (Light Emitting Diode)
•Quality LED light bulbs last longer, are
more durable, and offer comparable or
better light quality than other types of
lighting.

17. LED (Light Emitting Diode)

18. LED (Light Emitting Diode)

19. Advantages of LED Lights
1. Long Lifespan
2. Energy Efficiency
3. Improved Environmental
Performance
4. The Ability to Operate in Cold
Conditions
5. No Heat or UV Emissions

20. Advantages of LED Lights
6. Design Flexibility
7. Instant Lighting and the Ability to
Withstand Frequent Switching
8. Low Voltage Operation
9. Dimming Capabilities
10.Directionality

21. Disadvantages of LED Lights
1. High up-front costs
2. Potential color shift over lamp life
3. Performance standardization has not
yet been streamlined
4. Overheating can cause reduced
lamp life