2. 12/14/15
3
• Rebirth of European learning and science
• Rediscovery of Greco-roman ideas
• Rebirth of Humanism
• Starts in the northern Italian city states because of
the money from the spice trade
• Mostly an artistic movement in southern Europe
(Italy)
• Mostly a literary movement in northern Europe
(England)
3. 12/14/15
4
Humanism
• Really an old idea from Ancient Greece and Rome
• Based on the Socratic and Platonic ideas of
observation and reasoning
• Idea that man, not God, was the center of the
universe
• Man controls his own destiny
• Man can learn about and understand his world by
observation and reason without God’s help
• Helped spark a new age of secular learning and the
development of early modern schools and
universities such as Oxford and Cambridge
• Led many to question both governments and the
institutional Church
4. 12/14/15
8
Northern Italian Renaissance
• Spices brought money
• Different cities signed exclusive contracts with Arab spice
merchants
• Italian City States began to compete against each other for
prestige, beauty and knowledge
•Venice – city of merchants run by the “Doge” (an elected
official)
• Florence – run by the Medici family (a very powerful banking
family with considerable influence over the papacy)
•mostly an artistic movement (rediscovery of Greco-Roman 3-
Dimensional ideas)
• Today these cities are like outdoor museums – even the
buildings themselves are works of art, not to mention the
priceless pieces of art contained within them
5. Northern Italian City Leaders –
patrons to the artists
Patron – wealthy
merchant or political
leader that provided
financial and political
support to the artists
They often used their
influence and prestige to
get particular artists
Different city states
competed with each
other – trying to out do
each other
12/14/15
6. Medici family of Florence
Powerful and wealthy merchant and
banking family
Established a strong financial
working relationship with the
Vatican and the Papacy
Eventually put members of their
own family on the throne of St.
Peter’s
Linked to Europe’s royal houses
across Europe by 1650
Ran Florence for about 3 centuries
Patrons to dozens of artists
including Leonardo, Michaelangelo
and Bottecelli
Driving force behind Brunelleschi’s
Dome on the Duomo
12/14/15
8. 18
Great Italian Artists of the Renaissan
12/1
c
4/15
e
• Leonardo da Vinci
• Michelangelo
• Donatello
• Raphael
9. Renaissance Literature
Rediscovery of old Greco-
Roman ideas and stories
Authors used logic and
humanistic techniques to
“modernize” the stories
Wrote not in Greek or Latin,
but rather in native languages
Works spread because of the
printing press
Greatest writers
Petrarch
Machiavelli
Shakespeare
10. Roman Renaissance
• Outgrowth of the Northern
Italian renaissance
• Popes had the most money
and could afford to pay for
the best artists –
Michelangelo is perhaps the
most important
• If the Church needed money,
it just had to issue a special
indulgence for the building of
St. Peter’s or anything else
(spices were unnecessary)
• Millions of pounds of gold
flowed into Rome
12/14/15
44
