1. ©
PROJECT A.C.C.E.S.S.
Advanced Communication Community Emergency Services Support

2. Problem Statement
Cell & other communication infrastructures
are susceptible to natural disasters and
potentially to domestic and foreign terrorist
attacks.
(c) 2008 Mobee Communications

3. Problem Statement
According to the National Hurricane Center in a
2007 report and the Annual Global Climate &
Catastrophe Report of 2005, in Florida during
Hurricane Wilma, 3.2 million customers,
equivalent to 6 million people, lost power.
In some areas cell phone services were
unavailable for up to two months.
(c) 2008 Mobee Communications

4. Who is Affected?
Disaster conditions affect individuals as well as
businesses, local, county and state services.
Communications become very difficult – land
lines get disconnected by surge conditions or
damaged telephone poles.
(c) 2008 Mobee Communications

5. Who is Affected?
During Katrina, the hearing impaired & deaf
population were affected.
The hurricane caused outages and loss of
communications which made it difficult or
impossible to reach professionals who
provided visual information through interpreting
and other related services.
(c) 2008 Mobee Communications

6. Impact
The impact is equal for people and the local
economies.
Power and communication outages impact
families and first responders. 911 centers
become overwhelmed by calls for assistance.
The existing cell services get flooded with
calls to the point that the network begins to
fail.
(c) 2008 Mobee Communications

7. Benefits of Deploying A.C.C.E.S.S.
Building the MobeeMesh infrastructure will enhance
the Public Safety Network and create a public
access network to help with information sharing
among Emergency Responders.
It will allow residents to access emergency services
anywhere the MobeeMesh is deployed.
It will reduce the cost of communications between
state, county and city responders and emergency
management managers.
(c) 2008 Mobee Communications

8. How the A.C.C.E.S.S. Network Works
Mobee Communications has designed a Mobee phone
that integrades all the elements necessary to provide
simple, inexpensive and high quality communications.
The MobeeMesh network can be configured with
various service providers to encompass a far wider
range of services.
(c) 2008 Mobee Communications

9. Mobee Architecture
Unmodified Mobile Client Device
Applications
DHCP Client ARP
Mobee Mesh
Interface with Mobile Clients
DHCP Server Interceptor Raw Socket
Handoff Algorithm Pocket Proxy NAT
Client Link Quality Destination Client
Control Group Data Group Data Group
Fishbone
Communication
Infrastructure
Data Router
Group Multicast
Link-State Routing
and Anycast
802.11 Wireless Mesh (UDP/IP Unicast) Internet

10. How the Mobee Communicator Works
1 2 MobeeMesh allows multiple access points
to service the client during handoff. In
MobeeMesh, packets sent by the mobile
client are diverted from the kernel to the
3 Fishbone user-level overlay router.
4 MobeeMesh encapsulates client packets
5 and sends them through the overlay
6 network to the access points serving the
destination.
Once the pockets are received by the
destination’s access points, MobeeMesh
strips the overlay headers and forwards the
7 original packet to the mobile client using a
raw socket.
(c) 2008 Mobee Communications

11. Number of Clients We Can Support
On a MobeeMesh node the maximum number of clients is limited
only by the internal memory of the routers. The architecture
maintains one entry in each routing table per client, which requires
a total of 32 x N bytes in kernel memory, where N is the number of
nodes in the MobeeMesh network.
Example: A wireless router with a 16 MB of RAM, has only
5 MB available to be used for the routing. It can theoretically support
at least 9000 mobile clients. In our architecture, this number is much
greater because an entry is added in a routing table only if the router is
on the path towards that client.
(c) 2008 Mobee Communications

12. Number of Clients We Can Support
As the size of the MobeeMesh network increases, more routing
tables need to be maintained; however, as clients are likely to be
spread evenly throughout the network, the number of entries
maintained by each router does not significantly grow.
(c) 2008 Mobee Communications

13. Types of MobeeMesh Coverage
• Comprehensive
• Essential
• Targeted
(c) 2008 Mobee Communications

14. Types of MobeeMesh Coverage
Comprehensive
This coverage level requires that the entire outdoor target area is
covered by a Wireless Mesh Network signal and that each Access Point
is able to establish links to at least two neighboring Access Points.
This results in the highest density of Access Points, but eliminates
single points of failure within the MobeeMesh. Typically, mobile nodes
can access the network in most outdoor locations within the target area.
There will be some areas such as alleyways and courtyards
that will have limited coverage.
(c) 2008 Mobee Communications

15. Types of MobeeMesh Coverage
Essential
This coverage level is similar to Comprehensive Mesh coverage except
that some secondary streets and unoccupied areas will not have full
coverage. This allows for a lower density of Access Points while still
maintaining coverage in essential outdoor areas of interest.
A mix of Comprehensive and Essential Mesh coverage can be used to
ensure satisfactory coverage of large areas while lowering deployment
and maintenance costs.
(c) 2008 Mobee Communications

16. Types of MobeeMesh Coverage
Targeted
This coverage level applies either the Comprehensive or Essential
Mesh coverage strategy to only select areas within the targeted city.
This allows for deployment of Wireless Mesh Network coverage at key
locations within a city such as the downtown core, convention areas,
tourist areas, ports, and transportation centers.
(c) 2008 Mobee Communications

17. Link Range and Access Density
Minimum Access Point Density Environment/Coverage
Open Space: Essential 4 per km2 / 9 per sq. mi.
Open Space: Comprehensive 6 per km2 / 16 per sq. mi.
Urban LOS: Essential 6 per km2 / 16 per sq. mi.
Urban LOS: Comprehensive 19 per km2 / 49 per sq. mi.
Suburban: Essential 6 per km2 / 16 per sq. mi.
Suburban: Comprehensive 32 per km2 / 81 per sq. mi.
(c) 2008 Mobee Communications

18. MobeeMesh Propagation Environments
• Clear Link
• Urban Line Of Sight (LOS)
• Suburban
• Indoor Open
• Indoor Cluttered
(c) 2008 Mobee Communications

19. MobeeMesh Propagation Environments
Clear Link
The Clear Link environment has no obstructions on or near the line of
sight between the transmitter and the receiver. The Clear Link
environment represents the most benign environment a MobeeMesh
node can encounter. MobeeMesh nodes must be mounted at least 10
meters above ground level to achieve a Clear Link environment.
(c) 2008 Mobee Communications

20. MobeeMesh Propagation Environments
Urban Line Of Sight (LOS)
The Urban LOS environment represents along-street propagation,
where there is a line of sight between the transmitter and the receiver.
Obstructions near the line of sight cause RF propagation path loss;
ground and wall reflections cause RF fading. MobeeMesh nodes are
typically mounted less than 10 meters above ground level in an urban
LOS environment.
(c) 2008 Mobee Communications

21. MobeeMesh Propagation Environments
Suburban
The Suburban environment typically consists of houses and trees of
similar heights. The Suburban environment has a mixture of LOS and
non-LOS conditions for transit links and generally non-LOS conditions
for access links. Significant clutter results in a highly variable RF
propagation path loss for any given range; propagation can be as good
as the urban LOS environment, or worse than the Cluttered Indoor
environment. MobeeMesh nodes are typically mounted on light
standards at or just above rooftop level.
(c) 2008 Mobee Communications

22. MobeeMesh Propagation Environments
Indoor Open
The Indoor Open environment represents an indoor space with a high
ceiling and largely unobstructed propagation conditions such as
airports, shopping malls, and warehouses. Minor obstructions, such as
those due to superstructure or internal partitions, result in minor RF
propagation path loss.
(c) 2008 Mobee Communications

23. MobeeMesh Propagation Environments
Indoor Cluttered
The Indoor Cluttered environment represents an indoor space with a
low ceiling and internal partitions such as open plan offices and
residential dwellings. Propagation is generally non-LOS, resulting in
significant RF propagation path loss.
(c) 2008 Mobee Communications

24. Building the MobeeMesh A.C.C.E.S.S. Network
(c) 2008 Mobee Communications

25. Building the MobeeMesh A.C.C.E.S.S. Network
Plan
This step would start from early preliminary information gathering to full
network design. This step is very critical to reduce the need for prolonged
debugging and troubleshooting of the network.
(c) 2008 Mobee Communications

26. Building the MobeeMesh A.C.C.E.S.S. Network
Deployment
The process of determining AP placement is divided into two steps:
placement estimation and site survey.
To assist with placement estimation, consider the following:
placement of Network Access Points (NAP) such as determining the
availability of wired or wireless backhaul services.
(c) 2008 Mobee Communications

27. Building the MobeeMesh A.C.C.E.S.S. Network
Deployment
Availability of continuous AC power for NAPs. When considering AC power
availability, it is very important to determine if AC power is available 100% of
the time or if the power is only available during a portion of the day. For
instance, some outdoor lamp posts are centrally switched and do not have
AC power during daylight hours. In such cases, an AC-backup supply that
meets local environmental and regulatory requirements can be used.
Accessibility to desired location such as landlord permission and physical
access. It is very important to determine if permission must be obtained from
a landlord or utility before servicing an AP.
(c) 2008 Mobee Communications

28. Building the MobeeMesh A.C.C.E.S.S. Network
Deployment – Alternative Power Solutions by Mobee
(c) 2008 Mobee Communications

29. Simple MobeeMesh Network with Redundancy
To ensure network redundancy,
a design must have multiple
NAPs’ to reduce single points of
failure. As shown in Figure A, the
NAP
network is designed in such a
way that whenever an AP fails
N there is still adequate mesh
N
coverage.
N
NAP
Figure: A
(c) 2008 Mobee Communications

30. A Typical MobeeMesh Deployment at Hilton Head

31. A Typical MobeeMesh Deployment at Beaufort
1 sq.
Evacuation routes
mile
Community
Neighborhoods
Shelters/Emergency

32. One Community
“meeting the challenges of the 21st century”
One A.C.C.E.S.S.
Emergency Management Services
State
City County
(c) 2008 Mobee Communications

33. One Community
“meeting the challenges of the 21st century”
Emergency Management Services
(c) 2008 Mobee Communications

34. One Community
“meeting the challenges of the 21st century”
Emergency Management Services
A.C.C.E.S.S.
(c) 2008 Mobee Communications

35. One Community
“meeting the challenges of the 21st century”
FCC Panel Reviewing the Impact of Katrina on Communication Networks
The Report gave the nation’s communication system a failing grade
and listed building an effective communications system as one of its top
1
Priorities.
1 Emergency Preparedness and Emergency Communication Access: Lessons Learned Since 9/11
and Recommendations, available at http://www.nvrc.org/content.aspx?page=2451&section=5
(c) 2008 Mobee Communications

36. One Community
“meeting the challenges of the 21st century”
FCC Panel Reviewing the Impact of Katrina on Communication Networks
Recommendations that were reinforced by Katrina experiences are:
• The critical need for additional redundancy to ensure effective
communication during preparation, notification, response, and recovery.
• The need to develop a visually accessible communication system that
can operate with off-the-self products.
• The need to better equip shelters and train providers to ensure effective
communication with deaf and hard of hearing evacuees.
Released in December 2004
(c) 2008 Mobee Communications

37. ™
Mobee Communications
Building Services Around Community Needs
“meeting the challenges of the 21st century”