Reforming our methods
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A presentation about how to find information online and to make scientific research. Also, access to databases and validating news and numbers are discussed based on examples from pesticides and research in different fields.
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Reforming our methods
- 1. Reforming our methods A path to better learning process Mohamed Wahby Faculty of science – Alexandria University “Mr. Brain” event April 28, 2016
- 2. Science Source: google search results for “science definition”
- 6. http://www.cdn.sciencebuddies.org/Files/5084/7/2013-updated_scientific-method-steps_v6_noheader.png
- 7. Discovery of Penicillin • The introduction of penicillin in the 1940s, which began the era of antibiotics, has been recognized as one of the greatest advances in therapeutic medicine. The discovery of penicillin and the initial recognition of its therapeutic potential occurred in the United Kingdom, but, due to World War II, the United States played the major role in developing large-scale production of the drug, thus making a life-saving substance in limited supply into a widely available medicine. http://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/education/whatischemistry/landmarks/flemingpenicillin.html
- 8. Alexander Fleming, Professor of Bacteriology St. Mary's Hospital London. http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1945/fleming.jpg
- 9. • Returning from holiday on September 3, 1928, Fleming began to sort through petri dishes containing colonies of Staphylococcus, bacteria that cause boils, sore throats and abscesses. http://www.microbeworld.org/index.php?option=com_jlibrary&view=article&id=7611 http://www.bacteriainphotos.com/photo%20gallery/staph%20aureus%20pigment.jpg
- 10. OBSERVATION
- 13. • To carry out a program of animal experiments and clinical trials the team needed to process up to 500 liters a week of mold filtrate. They began growing it in a strange array of culture vessels such as baths, bedpans, milk churns and food tins. Later, a customized fermentation vessel was designed for ease of removing and, to save space, renewing the broth beneath the surface of the mold.
- 15. It is estimated that penicillin has saved at least 200 million lives since its first use as a medicine in 1942. http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Alexander_Fleming
- 16. http://www.cdn.sciencebuddies.org/Files/5084/7/2013-updated_scientific-method-steps_v6_noheader.png
- 19. Primary sources • These are contemporary accounts of an event, written by someone who experienced or witnessed the event in question. These original documents (i.e., they are not about another document or account) are often diaries, letters, memoirs, journals, speeches, manuscripts, interviews and other such unpublished works. They may also include published pieces such as newspaper or magazine articles (as long as they are written soon after the fact and not as historical accounts), photographs, audio or video recordings, research reports in the natural or social sciences, or original literary or theatrical works. http://guides.library.ucsc.edu/primarysecondary
- 20. Secondary sources • The function of these is to interpret primary sources, and so can be described as at least one step removed from the event or phenomenon under review. Secondary source materials, then, interpret, assign value to, conjecture upon, and draw conclusions about the events reported in primary sources. These are usually in the form of published works such as journal articles or books, but may include radio or television documentaries, or conference proceedings. http://guides.library.ucsc.edu/primarysecondary
- 21. Sources of information: Magazine A magazine is a collection of articles and images about diverse topics of popular interest and current events. Usually these articles are written by journalists or scholars and are geared toward the average adult. Magazines may cover very "serious" material, but to find consistent scholarly information, you should use journals. http://www.lib.vt.edu/help/research/info-sources.html
- 23. Sources of information: Academic journal A journal is a collection of articles usually written by scholars in an academic or professional field. An editorial board reviews articles to decide whether they should be accepted. Articles in journals can cover very specific topics or narrow fields of research. http://www.lib.vt.edu/help/research/info-sources.html
- 25. Sources of information: Database A database contains citations of articles in magazines, journals, and newspapers. They may also contain citations to podcasts, blogs, videos, and other media types. Some databases contain abstracts or brief summaries of the articles, while other databases contain complete, full- text articles. http://www.lib.vt.edu/help/research/info-sources.html
- 28. Sources of information: Newspapers A newspaper is a collection of articles about current events usually published daily. Since there is at least one in every city, it is a great source for local information. http://www.lib.vt.edu/help/research/info-sources.html
- 33. Sources of information: Addison A library catalog is an organized and searchable collection of records of every item in a library and can be found on the library home page. The catalog will point you to the location of a particular source, or group of sources, that the library owns on your topic. http://www.lib.vt.edu/help/research/info-sources.html
- 34. Sources of information: Books Books cover virtually any topic, fact or fiction. For research purposes, you will probably be looking for books that synthesize all the information on one topic to support a particular argument or thesis. Libraries organize and store their book collections on shelves called "stacks." http://www.lib.vt.edu/help/research/info-sources.html
- 42. Sources of information: Encyclopedia Encyclopedias are collections of short, factual entries often written by different contributors who are knowledgeable about the topic. There are two types of encyclopedias: general and subject. General encyclopedias provide concise overviews on a wide variety of topics. Subject encyclopedias contain in-depth entries focusing on one field of study. http://www.lib.vt.edu/help/research/info-sources.html
- 45. Sources of information: Web site The Web allows you to access most types of information on the Internet through a browser. One of the main features of the Web is the ability to quickly link to other related information. The Web contains information beyond plain text, including sounds, images, and video. http://www.lib.vt.edu/help/research/info-sources.html
- 57. Experience from sending an e-mail to author of a paper
- 58. Experience from sending an e-mail to author of a paper
- 67. Sci-hub.io
- 74. Request any papers on facebook
- 81. For Example
- 83. Will I write all of this?
- 87. Or
- 88. Can we reference twitter? http://www.apastyle.org/learn/faqs/cite-twitter.aspx
- 89. Reports
- 90. http://www.un.org/en/sections/about-un/funds-programmes- specialized-agencies-and-others/index.html
- 91. http://www.un.org/en/sections/about-un/funds-programmes- specialized-agencies-and-others/index.html
- 93. • But it depends on the nature of what you are searching for, thus it is an endless list, even you can one for yourself. If you will write one, consider: It was in the past It is for achieve It will be overlooked and used. So … be precise
- 94. Making sense of numbers
- 108. Income per person (fixed 2000 US$) in Egypt
- 110. 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 1960 1962 1964 1966 1968 1970 1972 1974 1976 1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 Income per person (fixed 2000 US$)
- 112. 1 million faddan, water budget http://www.eeaa.gov.eg/portals/0/eeaaReports/CCRMP/7.%20CC%20Water%20Strategy/CC%20Final%20Submitted%20 8-March%202013%20AdptStrtgy.pdf
- 113. Environmental Degradation in terms of money http://www.unccd.int/Lists/SiteDocumentLibrary/Rio+20/Land%20degradation%20neutrality%202015/LDNFlyer.pdf
- 114. Posts from Facebook
- 119. http://www.iarc.fr/
- 121. News
- 122. News
- 123. News
- 124. News
- 126. Experience from Industrial ecology https://www.gpem.uq.edu.au/images/buttons/HalogImage.jpg
- 127. Availability and access to data
- 128. Experience from Groundwater in Wadi ElNatrun
- 129. Experience from Groundwater in Wadi ElNatrun
- 130. Field preparation Objective not subjective
- 131. Experience from Kafr ElSheikh
- 132. Experience from Kafr ElSheikh • Supervisors • Team work (Samy Zaki, Mohamed Ali, Amir Ahmed, Mohamed Essam) • Following the methodologies • Looking for new approaches
- 133. Sustainable development • “is development that meets the needs of the present, without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs." http://www.sd-commission.org.uk/pages/what-is-sustainable-development.html
- 136. Agricultural systems • Soil (Soil Quality Index) • Water (Water suitability) • Human (Socio-economic dimensions)
- 137. E-learning Platforms
- 138. https://www.edx.org/
- 144. Being verified
- 160. • Policy Instruments for Low Emissions Development: From Design to Implementation (Self-paced) • Cities and Climate Change Leadership (Self-paced) • Skills Assessment for National Adaptation Planning in Niger • Enhanced Governance for Climate Finance in Cambodia • NAP Implementation Challenges in Malawi • The PAGE Introductory Learning Materials on Green Economy • Learning tool on Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions in the Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use Sector • Climate and Flood Forecast Applications in Agriculture • Planning for Community Based Adaptation (CBA) to Climate Change • Climate Change and Food Security • Incorporating Climate Change Considerations into Agricultural Investment Programmes • Disaster Risk Management e-Learning Platform • Online Course for Secondary Teachers on Climate Change Education • E-learning Course on Smallholder Agriculture, Environment and Climate Change • Planning for Community Based Adaptation (CBA) to Climate Change E-learning Tool • Capacity Development on Climate Change • World Bank Open Learning Campus
- 164. http://www.udemy.com
- 166. https://iversity.org
- 168. Conclusion
- 169. http://www.allthingy.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/Wisdom-Knowledge-Information-Data-Pyramid15.png
- 170. What the market needs • Background • Activities • Skills • Updated • Softwares
- 182. Thank you