2. Lab Stations:Lab Stations:
Lab 3: “Energy on the Move”
Pages 23 - 42
Lab 4: “It’s Just a Phase”
Pages 43 - 55
3. Energy on the Move:Energy on the Move:
Investigating Energy TransferInvestigating Energy Transfer
4. Objectives:Objectives:
The student will:
Compare and Contrast the
transfer of energy by
conduction, convection and
radiation while providing and
explaining common examples of
each
7. Thermal Conductor
Any substance that
conducts, absorbs
energy and
increases
temperature
quickly allowing
thermal energy to
collect and pass
through it
8. Thermal Insulator
Any substance
that does not allow
the transfer of
thermal energy or
impedes thermal
energy transfer
9. Essential Learnings
Materials that allow energy to
move through them are called
thermal conductors
Metals generally conduct thermal
energy well but at different rates
Depending on the metal’s density
10. Essential Learnings
Convection is the transfer of
thermal energy within fluids and
gases (air is considered a fluid for
this purpose) by the movement of
molecules from place to place.
Molecules carry the energy with
them
11. Essential Learnings
The circular motion of fluids
(related to temperature) due to
density differences is known as
convection currents
12. Essential Learnings
Radiation is the transmission of
energy in the form of
electromagnetic waves
Radiation travels in transverse
waves
This type of energy does not
require matter to transfer
14. P4P4
It’s Just a Phase:It’s Just a Phase:
Investigating Phase ChangesInvestigating Phase Changes
15. Objectives
The student will illustrate
and explain the results of
the addition and
subtraction of thermal
energy on the motion of
molecules
16. Objectives
The student will:
Create and examine a
temperature graph of phase
changes
Label each phase change
Determine Freezing, melting,
condensation and boiling
points from a graph
17. Key Terms:Key Terms:
Phase Change
Freezing Point
Melting Point
Boiling Point
Vaporization
Condensation
18. Phase Change
When matter
transforms from a
solid to a liquid or
to a gas
Ice Water
Water Vapor
19. Freezing Point
The temperature
or point when a
liquid becomes a
solid
Water Ice
20. Melting Point
The temperature
or point when a
solid substance
turns into a
liquid
Ice water
21. Freezing & Melting
Melting and
Freezing
points are
actually the
same
temperature!
22. Boiling Point
The maximum
temperature at
which a liquid can
remain in liquid
form before
turning to vapor
or gas
26. Essential Learnings:
Vaporization is the change of
state from liquid to gas
Condensation is the change of
state from gas to liquid
Both processes take place at the
boiling point of a substance
27. Essential Learnings:
The melting/freezing point and
boiling/condensing point for a pure
substance are characteristic
properties
Pure water melts/freezes at 0o
C, and it
boils/vaporizes at 100o
C at 1 atmosphere
air pressure (sea level)
Higher above sea level
28. Essential Learnings:
As thermal energy is added to a
system the temperature does not
always increase
Temperature will not increase during
a phase change
This is because the energy is needed to
break down the physical forces that bond
the molecules to one another
29. Essential Learnings:
Phase changes are indicated by a
horizontal or flat line with no slope,
called a plateau
Water has two plateaus during
heating
One at freezing(melting point)
One at vaporization (boiling point)
30. Essential Learnings:
All solids are “Frozen”
Freezing is not necessarily “cold’
The freezing point is the temperature at
which a liquid becomes a solid
For a pure substance freezing point is a
characteristic property and is
independent of the amount of the
substance
31. Essential Learnings:
A substances’ cooling graph shows a
plateau at condensation point and the
freezing point
The temperature will remain constant
during the entire phase change
After the phase change cooling
continues until thermal equilibrium is
reached