2. ‫ﺍﻝﺘﺭﺍﻭﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺒﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺨﻁﺎﺀ‬
١
)2‫ء‬(
WWWW+ a+ a+ a+ abbbbbbbb،،،، [ [ [ [+ a+ a+ a+ aSSSSS_S_S_S_،،،،

6. ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬،،،،‫ـ‬‫ـ‬

7. ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬

8. ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬

9. ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬

10. ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬،،،،‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ S‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ S‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ S‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ SSSSSWِِWِِWِِWِِW ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬W ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬W ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬W ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬،،،،SSSS‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ ً ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ S ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ ً ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ S ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ ً ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ S ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ ً ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ S ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬
....................
}}}}

11. ِ ُbَS

12. ِW ُa
َaَ

13. ِ ِa َ ُa

15. ّ ْ ُ a ْ

16. Q

17. ِ

18. َS

20. ِ ُbَS

21. ِW ُa
َaَ

22. ِ ِa َ ُa

24. ّ ْ ُ a ْ

25. Q

26. ِ

27. َS

29. ِ ُbَS

30. ِW ُa
َaَ

31. ِ ِa َ ُa

33. ّ ْ ُ a ْ

34. Q

35. ِ

36. َS

38. ِ ُbَS

39. ِW ُa
َaَ

40. ِ ِa َ ُa

42. ّ ْ ُ a ْ

43. Q

44. ِ

45. َS

46. {{{{]‫ﻋﻤﺭﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺁل‬ ‫ﺴﻭﺭﺓ‬:١٠٢[
}}}}

47. ٍ ْ ُ َ َ

48. ِ
ُ [

49. ْ ُ a

50. َS

52. ٍ ْ ُ َ َ

53. ِ
ُ [

54. ْ ُ a

55. َS

57. ٍ ْ ُ َ َ

58. ِ
ُ [

59. ْ ُ a

60. َS

62. ٍ ْ ُ َ َ

63. ِ
ُ [

64. ْ ُ a

65. َS

67. ‫ّـ‬ ْ ‫ُـ‬ a

68. P ‫

69. ـ‬ ِ

70. [ِ ‫َـ‬ ً

71. ِ

72. ِ

73. [

76. َ

77. ِ

78. َ

80. ٍ]

81. ِ

82. ‫ّـ‬ ْ ‫ُـ‬ a

83. P ‫

84. ـ‬ ِ

85. [ِ ‫َـ‬ ً

86. ِ

87. ِ

88. [

91. َ

92. ِ

93. َ

95. ٍ]

96. ِ

97. ‫ّـ‬ ْ ‫ُـ‬ a

98. P ‫

99. ـ‬ ِ

100. [ِ ‫َـ‬ ً

101. ِ

102. ِ

103. [

106. َ

107. ِ

108. َ

110. ٍ]

111. ِ

112. ‫ّـ‬ ْ ‫ُـ‬ a

113. P ‫

114. ـ‬ ِ

115. [ِ ‫َـ‬ ً

116. ِ

117. ِ

118. [

121. َ

122. ِ

123. َ

125. ٍ]

126. ِ
ِ

127. ُ َ

129. َ

130. ّ ِW

132. َ

133. ِ ِ[

134. ُP

135. َa ِ ِ

136. ُ َ

138. َ

139. ّ ِW

141. َ

142. ِ ِ[

143. ُP

144. َa ِ ِ

145. ُ َ

147. َ

148. ّ ِW

150. َ

151. ِ ِ[

152. ُP

153. َa ِ ِ

154. ُ َ

156. َ

157. ّ ِW

159. َ

160. ِ ِ[

161. ُP

162. َa ِ {{{{]‫ﺍﻝﻨﺴﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺴﻭﺭﺓ‬:١[
}}}}ُ

164. ُ a

165. Q

166. ِ

167. َS

168. ُ

170. ُ a

171. Q

172. ِ

173. َS

174. ُ

176. ُ a

177. Q

178. ِ

179. َS

180. ُ

182. ُ a

183. Q

184. ِ

185. َS

186. ً َ ًُ َ ًُ َ ًُ َ ُِ

187. ِ

188. ِ

189. ِ

190. ))))ʛ٠ʛ٠ʛ٠ʛ٠(((( َ َ
َ

193. ِ

195. ُ

196. [ ُُ ُ َ ِ ْ

198. ُ َ

199. َS ُ َ ِ
َ َ
َ

202. ِ

204. ُ

205. [ ُُ ُ َ ِ ْ

207. ُ َ

208. َS ُ َ ِ
َ َ
َ

211. ِ

213. ُ

214. [ ُُ ُ َ ِ ْ

216. ُ َ

217. َS ُ َ ِ
َ َ
َ

220. ِ

222. ُ

223. [ ُُ ُ َ ِ ْ

225. ُ َ

226. َS ُ َ ِ
ِ

227. ً َ َ َِ

228. ً َ َ َِ

229. ً َ َ َِ

230. ً َ َ َ{{{{]‫ﺍﻷﺤﺯﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﺴﻭﺭﺓ‬:٧٠،٧١[
...،
‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﺃﺼﺩﻕ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬–‫ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ‬-‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﻫﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻬﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﺨﻴﺭ‬‫ﻭﻜل‬ ،‫ﻤﺤﺩﺜﺎﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻤﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺸﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻀﻼﻝﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻜل‬ ،‫ﻀﻼﻝﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺩﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻜل‬ ‫ﺒﺩﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﺩﺜﺔ‬.

231. ‫ﺍﻝﺘﺭﺍﻭﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺒﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺨﻁﺎﺀ‬
٢
1:
‫ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻝﺫﺍ‬ ،‫ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﻗﺒﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﺘﻕ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺭﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻝﻜل‬ ‫ﻏﻨﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻌﻅﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺸﻬﺭ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﻏ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺏ‬
،‫ﺍﻝﺸﻬﺭ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﺎﻡ‬‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬:‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﺍﺤﺘﺴﺎﺒ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺇﻴﻤﺎﻨ‬ ‫ﺭﻤﻀﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻏ‬‫ﺩ‬‫ﺘﻘ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻝﻪ‬ ‫ﻔﺭ‬‫ﺫﻨﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻡ‬)‫ﻭﻤﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ‬(
‫ﺍﻝﺘﻠﻔﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺒﻤﺸﺎﻫﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻌﻅﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻌﺒﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺘﻠﻙ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻨﺸﻐﻠﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺃﻜﺜﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻨﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻝﻜﻨﻨﺎ‬،‫ﺇﻝﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻝﺫﻫﺎﺏ‬‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺭﺡ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻐﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻤﺎﻜﻥ‬..‫ﺒﺎﷲ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﻗﻭﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ‫ﺤﻭل‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬.
‫ﺒﺎﻝﻨ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻝﺸﺎﺭﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻁﻌﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻤﺘﻨﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺭﻤﻀﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺸﻬﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﺘﻘﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻷﻨﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺫﻝﻙ‬ ‫ﻭﻜل‬‫ﺜﻡ‬ ،‫ﻬﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺒﺎﻝﻤﺴﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻝﻤﻠﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﺼﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻨﻐﻤﺎﺱ‬.
‫ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫ﷲ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬‫ﻭﺘﻌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺘﺒﺎﺭﻙ‬‫ﻰ‬‫ﻋ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﻘﺎﺀ‬‫ﻭﻝﻴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻴﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﻜل‬-‫ﺭﻤﻀﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﻨﻲ‬-
‫ﻤﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻝﻜل‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻥ‬‫ﻤﺴﺘﺠﺎﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﻋﻭﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﻝﻴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻴﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﻜل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
)‫ﺃﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﻩ‬‫ﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻝﺒﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺼﺤﺤﻪ‬‫ﺍﻝﺠﺎﻤﻊ‬:٢١٦٩(
‫ﻓﻠ‬‫ﻴﻐﺘﻨﻡ‬‫ﻁﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺭﻤﻀﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻝﻴل‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻡ‬‫ﺍﻝﻨﻴﺭﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺘﻘﺎﺌﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻝﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻤﻥ‬،‫ﻭﺍﻝﺭﻴﺤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻝﺭﻭﺡ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻔﻭﺯ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺠﻨﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﺎﻝﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬.
2:
‫ﻤﻬﺠﻭﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻝﻴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭل‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻊ‬ ،‫ﺭﻤﻀﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﻼل‬ ‫ﻭﺭﺅﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺸﻌﺒﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺸﻬﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻨﺘﻬﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺩ‬،‫ﻭﻜﺄ‬‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺘﺭﺍﻭﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻀﻴﻊ‬ ،‫ﺸﺩﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻝﺯﺤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﻤﻭﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺴﻭﺍﻕ‬ ‫ﻨﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺤﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ،‫ﺭﻤﻀﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻝﻴﺴﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻠﻴﻠﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﻅﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺠﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻀﻴﻊ‬.
3:
‫ﹸ‬‫ﺘ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺠﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻥ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﺼ‬‫ﻲ‬‫ﺍﻝﺒﻴﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺘﺭﺍﻭﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺼﻼﺓ‬،‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﺘﺼﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺘﺤﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﻝﻜﻥ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻠﻴل‬ ‫ﻴﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺭﻤﻀﺎﻥ‬،‫ﺒﺸﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻨﻌﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺜﺒﺕ‬ ‫ﻝﻤﺎ‬‫ﻗﺎل‬:
‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺴﻭل‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻗﻤﻨﺎ‬‫ﺜﻡ‬ ،‫ﺍﻷﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻠﻴل‬ ‫ﺜﻠﺙ‬ ‫ﺇﻝﻰ‬ ‫ﺭﻤﻀﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺸﻬﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﺸﺭﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺜﻼﺙ‬ ‫ﻝﻴﻠﺔ‬
‫ﻅﻨﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺤﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﺸﺭﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺴﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﻝﻴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺜﻡ‬ ،‫ﺍﻝﻠﻴل‬ ‫ﻨﺼﻑ‬ ‫ﺇﻝﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﺸﺭﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺨﻤﺱ‬ ‫ﻝﻴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﻤﻨﺎ‬
‫ﻗﺎل‬ ،‫ﺍﻝﻔﻼﺡ‬ ‫ﻨﺩﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬:‫ﻭﻜﻨ‬‫ﺍﻝﻔﻼﺡ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺴﺤﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻨﺩﻋﻭ‬ ‫ﺎ‬)‫ﺭﻭﺍﻩ‬‫ﺍﻷﻝﺒﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺼﺤﺤﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻝﻨﺴﺎﺌﻲ‬ ‫ﺸﻴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬(
‫ﻭﺤﺫﻴﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﺎﺌﺸﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﺱ‬ ‫ﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻨﺤﻭ‬ ‫ﺜﺒﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺩ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻋﻨﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﻀﻲ‬‫ـ‬
‫ﻴ‬‫ﻭﺒ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺼﻼﺘﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻀل‬:‫ﻤ‬‫ﺍﻹ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ﻝﻴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻝﻪ‬ ‫ﹸﺘﺏ‬‫ﻜ‬ ‫ﻴﻨﺼﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﺤﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻤﺎﻡ‬
)‫ﺭﻭﺍﻩ‬‫ﻤﺎﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻝﻨﺴﺎﺌﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺭﻤﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻭ‬،‫ﺍﻝﺠﺎﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬:١٦١٥(
‫ﺃﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﻭﻝﺫﻝﻙ‬:‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﺠﺒﻨﻲ‬‫ﻤﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻭﺘﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺼﻠﻲ‬.
‫ﺌل‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﻭ‬:‫ﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﻨﻲ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻘﻴﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﺅﺨﺭ‬‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻠﻴل؟‬ ‫ﺁﺨﺭ‬ ‫ﺇﻝﻰ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺘﺭﺍﻭﻴﺢ‬:‫ﻻ‬.‫ﻲ‬‫ﺇﻝ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺴﻨﺔ‬.
)‫ﱢ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻴﺼ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﻨﻲ‬‫ﺒﻤﻔﺭﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﱢﻲ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻴﺼ‬ ‫ﻜﻭﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻀل‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻲ‬(

232. ‫ﺍﻝﺘﺭﺍﻭﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺒﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺨﻁﺎﺀ‬
٣
4:
‫ﺨﺎﻁﺊ‬ ‫ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬،‫ﺍﻝﻠﻴل‬ ‫ﻗﻴﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﻁﻠﻕ‬ ‫ﻜﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻬﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺘﺭﺍﻭﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﺫ‬.
5‫ء‬:
‫ﺒﺎﻁ‬ ‫ﺍﻋﺘﻘﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬‫ﺇﺫ‬ ‫ل‬‫ﻏﻴﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺭﻤﻀﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻝﻠﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﻝﻠﻤﺴﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﺘﺄﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻝﻠﻤﺭﺃﺓ‬
‫ﻭﻤﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺃﺨﺭﺠﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﻝﻠﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻝﻙ‬:‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺇﻤﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺘﻤﻨﻌﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﻻ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺨﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻌل‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﻌﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻜﺜﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺠﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﺭﻤﻀﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺨﺼﻭﺼ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻝﻁﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﺘﺯﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﺘﺎﺝ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺭﺃﺓ‬،
‫ﻤﺘﻘﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺨﻠﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻘﻴﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻁﻭل‬‫ﻝﺘ‬ ‫؛‬‫ﻝ‬ ‫ﺘﺩﺒﺭ‬‫ﻭﻴﺨﺸﻊ‬ ‫ﻠﻘﺭﺁﻥ‬‫ﻗﻠﺒ‬‫ﻬﺎ‬‫ﻝﻠﻭﺍﺤﺩ‬‫ﺎﻥ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺍﻝﺩ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺇﻴﻤﺎﻨ‬ ‫ﺒﺫﻝﻙ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﺯﺩﺍﺩ‬.
‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻝﺘﺭﺍﻭﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﻝﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻨﺴﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺤﻀﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺠﻭﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﺩل‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺨﻁﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ُ‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺘﺭﺍﻭﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺭﺠﺎل‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺠﻌل‬‫ﻭﻋﻠﻰ‬ ،‫ﻜﻌﺏ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻲ‬
‫ﺤ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺴﻠﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻨﺴﺎﺀ‬‫ﺜ‬‫ﻋﻠ‬ ‫ﻓﻌل‬ ‫ﻭﻜﺫﻝﻙ‬ ،‫ﻤﺔ‬‫ﻲ‬‫ﻁﺎﻝﺏ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬.
6‫ء‬:
‫ﺍﻝﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﻝﻴل‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻝﻴﺱ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬..‫ﺍﻝﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﷲ‬ ‫ﺴﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﻤﺭ‬.
‫ﺍﻝﻨﻬﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻭ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫ﺍﻝﺨﻁﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﺩﻋﺎ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻘ‬‫ﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺜﻼﺜﺔ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﻓﺎﺴﺘﻘﺭﺃ‬ ‫ﺍﺀ‬‫ﺃﺴﺭﻋﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﺄﻤﺭ‬ ،‫ﻫﻡ‬
‫ﺃﻭﺴﻁ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻤﺭ‬ ،‫ﺁﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺜﻼﺜﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﺭﺃ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺭﺍﺀﺓ‬‫ﻬﻡ‬‫ﻭﻋﺸﺭﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺨﻤﺴ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﺭﺃ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬،‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻁﺄﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻤﺭ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻝﻠﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﺭﺃ‬
‫ﺭ‬‫ﺁﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺭﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻀﺎﻥ‬)‫ﻭﺍﻷﻤﺭ‬(‫ﻭﺍﺴﻊ‬ ‫ﺫﻝﻙ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬.
‫ـ‬‫ﻨﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﺫﻝﻙ‬ ‫ﺃﺠل‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻥ‬:‫ﱠ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺴ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺘﺭﺍﻭﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺍﺀﺓ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﻝﻡ‬ ‫ﺇﻨﻪ‬‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺴﻭل‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺔ‬.
‫ﻴﻨﻔﺭﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻘﺭﺃ‬ ،‫ﺍﻷﺤﻭﺍل‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺨﺘﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﺨﺘﻠﻑ‬‫ﺍﻝﺠﻤﺎﻋ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬‫ﺔ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﻝﻭ‬ ،‫ﻴﺭﻀﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻔﻕ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻘﺩﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻝﻶﺜﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻀل‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻭ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻝﺘﻁﻭﻴل‬.
‫ﺍﺴﺘﺤﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺩ‬‫ﺍﻝﺤﻨﻔ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺘﻠﻙ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻝﻴﺴﻤﻊ‬ ،‫ﺍﻝﺸﻬﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺨﺘﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻝﺤﻨﺎﺒﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺼﻼﺓ‬.)‫ﺍﻝﻘﺩﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺢ‬:١/٣٣٥(،)‫ﺍﻝﺒﺩﺍﺌﻊ‬:١/٢٨٩(،)‫ﺍﻝﻤﻐﻨﻲ‬:٢/١٦٩(

233. ‫ﺍﻝﺘﺭﺍﻭﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺒﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺨﻁﺎﺀ‬
٤
7:
‫ﺤﻴﺙ‬‫ﺇ‬‫ﻨﻬﻡ‬‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﺠﻠﺴﻭﻥ‬‫ﺼ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻨﺸﻐﻠﻭﻥ‬‫ﺍﻝﺠﻠﻭﺱ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻝﻜﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺘﺭﺍﻭﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﻼﺓ‬،‫ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺭﻜﻊ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺤﺘﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻝﻤﺘﺎﺒﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻌﻤل‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬ ،‫ﺍﻝﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺨﻠﻭﺍ‬‫ﻭﺘﻔﻭﻴﺕ‬ ،‫ﻝﺘﻜﺒﻴﺭ‬‫ﺓ‬،‫ﺍﻝﻔﺎﺘﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺭﺍﺀﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺤﺭﺍﻡ‬
‫ﻫﺅﻻﺀ‬ ‫ﻓﺄﻴﻥ‬‫ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﻭل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺜﺎﺒﺕ‬‫ﺍﻝ‬‫ﺼﺤﻴﺤ‬‫ﻫﺭﻴﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻥ‬:
‫ﹸ‬‫ﻏ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﺍﺤﺘﺴﺎﺒ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺇﻴﻤﺎﻨ‬ ‫ﺭﻤﻀﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ِ‫ﻔ‬‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻝﻪ‬ ‫ﺭ‬‫ﺫﻨﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﻘﺩﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻔﻌل‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻴﻠﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﻓﻼ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺍﻝﻨ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻌﺘﻕ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻝﻤﺨﺘ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺸﻬﺭ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺎﺭ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻴﻨﺴ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ،‫ﺎﺭ‬‫ﻰ‬‫ﺍﻝﻜ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻼﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺩﻨﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺤﺒﻴﺏ‬ ‫ﻗﻭل‬:‫ﺍﻝﺭﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻨﺼﻑ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﻝﻪ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺼﻼﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺨﺭﺝ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺭﺠل‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺩ‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﺤﺘﻰ‬‫ﺸﺭ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﺇﻝﻰ‬
‫ﻓﻠﻴﺤﺭﺹ‬‫ﱠﺎ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻨﺴﺎﻥ‬‫ﺍﻹﺤﺭﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺘﻜﺒﻴﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬،‫ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺤ‬‫ﺍﻝﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﺤﺴﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺼﻑ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺎﻓﻅﺔ‬‫؛‬‫ﺤﺘﻰ‬
‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﻜﺎﻤ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻷﺠﺭ‬ ‫ﻴﺨﺭﺝ‬.
8‫ء‬:
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺴ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺤﺭﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﺜﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻝﻜﺒﻴ‬ ‫ﺎﺠﺩ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻤﺘ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻔﻌل‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻝﻐﺭﺽ‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﻴﻀ‬ ‫ﺭﺓ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺎﺒﻌﺔ‬.
‫ﻓﻤﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﺎﻭﺉ‬ ‫ﻋﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻌﻤل‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬:،‫ﻭﺒﺎﻝﺒﺼﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻝﻴﺩﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺤﺭﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻜﺜﺭﺓ‬‫ﻭﻤﻨﻬﺎ‬:‫ﻭﻭﻀﻊ‬ ،‫ﺍﻝﻘﺒﺽ‬ ‫ﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﺭﻙ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺼﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻴﺩﻴﻥ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﺍﻝﺴﺠﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻀﻊ‬ ‫ﺇﻝﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻨﻅﺭ‬ ‫ﺘﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻨﻬﺎ‬ ،،‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺨﺸﻭﻉ‬ ‫ﻋﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﺇﻝﻰ‬ ‫ﺒﺩﻭﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻴﺅﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬
،‫ﻭﺭﻭﺤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﻤﻘﺼﺩ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺼﻼﺓ‬‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬‫ﻴﺘﻨﺎﻓﻰ‬‫ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﻭﻝﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻜﺫﻝﻙ‬:
}}}}

234. ^ِbِ َ ِ ّ ِ ْ
ُ

236. ^ِbِ َ ِ ّ ِ ْ
ُ

238. ^ِbِ َ ِ ّ ِ ْ
ُ

240. ^ِbِ َ ِ ّ ِ ْ
ُ

241. {{{{]‫ﺍﻝﺒﻘﺭﺓ‬:٢٣٨[،‫ﻭﻴ‬‫ﺘﻨﺎﻓﻰ‬‫ﺍﻷﻤﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺭﺴﻭل‬ ‫ﻗﻭل‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬:‫ﹰ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﻝﺸﻐ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬
)‫ﻭﻤﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ‬(
:
١‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻝﻤﺼ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﺄﻤﻭﻤﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﺩ‬ ‫ﺤﻤل‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬‫ﺤ‬‫ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺨﻠﻑ‬ ‫ﻑ‬،‫ﺍﻝﻐﺭﺽ‬ ‫ﻭﻜﺎﻥ‬‫ﺫﻝﻙ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬‫ﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺃﺨﻁﺄ‬...،‫ﺫﻝﻙ‬ ‫ﺠﺎﺯ‬‫ﺍﻝﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺤﻑ‬ ‫ﻴﺤﻤل‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻝﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﺠﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻭﻏﻴﺭﻩ‬،‫ﺍﻹﻨﺼﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻨﺒﻐﻲ‬ ‫ﺒل‬
‫ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻝﻘﺭﺍﺀﺓ‬.
٢‫ـ‬،‫ﺭﻤﻀﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺤﻑ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﺭﺃ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺄﺱ‬ ‫ﻻ‬‫ﻭ‬،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻤﻌﻠﻘ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺃﺨﺭﺠﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺫﻝﻙ‬ ‫ﺩﻝﻴل‬
‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻓﻌﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻭﺼﻠﻪ‬‫ﻤﺴﻨﺩﻩ‬:‫ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺤﻑ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺫﻜﻭﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﺅﻤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﺌﺸﺔ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻨﺕ‬
‫ﺼﺤﻴﺤ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺜﺭ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻥ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻻ‬ ،‫ﺍﻷﺼل‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﺨﺫ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬.‫ﺇﺘﻘﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺒل‬
‫ﺍﻝﺤﺎﻓﻅ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻝﻠﺤﻔﻅ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ‬...‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻋﺫﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺫﻝﻙ‬ ‫ﻭﻏﻴﺭ‬‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺍﺀﺓ‬ ‫ﺘﺠﻴﺯ‬ ‫ﻝﺘﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺼﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺍﺀﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺼل‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺨﺫ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ،‫ﺍﻝﻤﺼﺤﻑ‬.

242. ‫ﺍﻝﺘﺭﺍﻭﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺒﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺨﻁﺎﺀ‬
٥
9‫ء‬:
‫ﺃﻋﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺴﺠﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺫﺍ‬ ،‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺠل‬ ‫ﺃﻏﻠﻕ‬ ‫ﺭﻜﻊ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﺩﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺠﺩ‬‫ﺩ‬‫ﻓﺘﺤ‬‫ﻪ‬‫ﻤﺼﻠﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻝﻴﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻌﻤل‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬ ،
‫ﺃﻋﻤﺎﻝﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺼﻼﺓ‬،‫ﻤﺸ‬ ‫ﻭﺠﻭﺍﺭﺤﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﻔﻜﻴﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬‫ﺍﻝﺘﺴﺠﻴل‬ ‫ﺒﺂﻝﺔ‬ ‫ﻐﻭﻝﺔ‬،‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻼ‬
‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺸﻴﺌ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻗﺭﺍﺀﺓ‬.
10
:
‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺄﺱ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬‫ﺤ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺯﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺤﺴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺼﻭﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﻝﺤﺴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺼﻭﺕ‬ ‫ﺼﺎﺤﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻘﺒل‬‫ﻝﻜﻥ‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺴﻨ‬
‫ﻴﺘ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻊ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﻤﺠﺭ‬‫ﺨﻁﺄ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺤﺴﻥ‬ ‫ﺼﻭﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺩ‬،‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﻴﻨﺒﻐﻲ‬ ‫ﺇﻨﻤﺎ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻠﺫﺍﺫ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬
‫ﺘﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﻝﻜﻥ‬ ،‫ﻭﻝﺤﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻘﺎﺭﺉ‬ ‫ﺼﻭﺕ‬ ‫ﺒﺴﻤﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻠﺫﺍﺫ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻜﺜﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻬﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻜﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﺴﻤﺎﻉ‬‫ﺒﻌﻀﻬﻡ‬‫ﻴﺘﻔﺎﻋل‬
‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻝﺼﻭﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺘﺄﺜﺭ‬‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻝﻤﺠﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻔﻼﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ‬ ‫ﺇﻝﻰ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﺫﻫﺒﻭﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻔﻜﺭﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻜﺜﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻝﺤﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺠﻤﻴل‬ ‫ﺼﻭﺘﻪ‬
:
١-‫ﺍﻝﻔﻌل‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻨﻬﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺸﺎﺭﻉ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬.
‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻁﺒﺭﺍﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﺨﺭﺝ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺩ‬‫ﺍﻝﻜﺒﻴﺭ‬‫ﻋﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﻀﻲ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬‫ﻗﺎل‬:
‫ﱢ‬‫ل‬‫ﺼ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ‫ﻴﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺭﺠل‬)‫ﺍﻝﻘﺩﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﺽ‬ ‫ﺍﻨﻅﺭ‬:٥/٣٩٢(
‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺤﻤﻪ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻘﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫ﺍﻝﻤﻭﻗﻌﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﻋﻼﻡ‬)٣/٣١٠(‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻜﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬‫ﺍﻷﺩﻝﺔ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻨﻔﺴﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺠﺎﺌﺯ‬ ‫ﻭﻝﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺤﺭﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺇﻝﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﺅﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻌل‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻊ‬:
‫ﻨﻬﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺸﺎﺭﻉ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﻁ‬‫ﻴﺘﺨ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻝﺭﺠل‬‫ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺠﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺇﻝﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﻰ‬،‫ﺃﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﻙ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻴﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﻫﺠﺭ‬ ‫ﺇﻝﻰ‬ ‫ﺫﺭﻴﻌﺔ‬،‫ﻭﺇﻴﺤﺎﺵ‬‫ﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺼﺩﺭ‬‫ﺍﻝﺼﻼ‬ ‫ﺘﻡ‬‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺓ‬‫ﻰ‬
ِ‫ﻠ‬‫ﻴﻌ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﺒﺒﺩﻋﺔ‬‫ﺒﻔﺠ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ﻏﻴﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺇﻝﻰ‬ ‫ﺒﺘﺨﻁﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺒﺄﺱ‬ ‫ﻓﻼ‬ ‫ﻭﺭ‬.‫ﺃﻫـ‬
٢-‫ﻓﻘﻁ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺤﺴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺼﻭﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﺠل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﺘﺘﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺅﺩﻱ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﺴﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﺇﻝﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺫﻫﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺇﻝﻰ‬
‫ﺒﻌﺽ‬‫ﺍﻷﺤﻴﺎﻥ‬،‫ﻤﺴﺠﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺇﻝﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺘﻘﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻭﻗﺕ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺼﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﻝﻭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻷﻭﻗﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻀﻴﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﺇﻝﻰ‬ ‫ﺒﺩﻭﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻴﺅﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬
‫ﻭﺘﻜﺒﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺼﻑ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻝﺤﺭﺹ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﺠﺎﻭﺭ‬‫ﺍﻹﺤﺭﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺓ‬‫؛‬‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻀﻌﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﺃﻀﻌﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺠﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺫﻝﻙ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻝﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻴﻁﻠﺏ‬.

243. ‫ﺍﻝﺘﺭﺍﻭﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺒﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺨﻁﺎﺀ‬
٦
٣-‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺠﻤﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺠﻴﺭﺍﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻝﺘﻘﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻴﻔﺘﻘﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻔﻌل‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﺤﺎﺫﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬.
٤-‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻜﺜﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺤﺴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺼﻭﺕ‬ ‫ﺼﺎﺤﺏ‬ ‫ﺇﻝﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺫﻫﺎﺏ‬‫ﱢ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﺼ‬‫ﻲ‬‫ﺨﻠﻔﻪ‬‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻨﻔﺱ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﺅﺜﺭ‬ ‫ﺭﺒﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺭﻴﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻊ‬.
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺽ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻊ‬ ‫ﺠﺴﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﺨﻁﺄ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﺒل‬ ‫ـ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺤﺴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺼﻭﺕ‬ ‫ﺼﺎﺤﺏ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﺩﻤﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺙ‬ ،‫ﻠﻤﻴﻥ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻔﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺭﻩ‬،‫ﻭﻤﺎ‬‫ﺫﺍ‬‫ﻙ‬‫ﺍﻝﺤﺴﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻝﺼﻭﺕ‬ ‫ﻝﻴﻁﺭﺒﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬،‫ﺤﺫﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺩ‬‫ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ‬‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻝﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﺨﺭﺝ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺩ‬‫ﺍﻝﺘﺎﺭﻴﺦ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺒﻴﻬﻘﻲ‬‫ﺍﻝﺸﻌﺏ‬‫ﺸﺭﻴﻙ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺯﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬
‫ﻋﻥ‬‫ﻋﻥ‬ ،‫ﻋﻤﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺜﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻴﻘﻅﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻲ‬‫ﺯﺍ‬‫ﺫ‬‫ﺃﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬‫ﻠﻴﻡ‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺭ‬‫ﻗﺎل‬:
ٍ‫ﺢ‬‫ﺴﻁ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻜﻨﺎ‬‫ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﺼﺤﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﺠل‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻌﻨﺎ‬‫ﻴﺯﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﻻ‬‫ﻋﺎﺒﺱ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﻪ‬
‫ﻓﺭﺃﻯ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻐﻔﺎﺭﻱ‬‫ﻗﺎل‬ ،‫ﺍﻝﻁﺎﻋﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﺨﺭﺠﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ‬:‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﻫﺅﻻﺀ؟‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬:‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻔﺭﻭﻥ‬
‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬ ،‫ﺍﻝﻁﺎﻋﻭﻥ‬:‫ﻓﻘﺎﻝﻭﺍ‬ ،‫ﹸﺫﻨﻲ‬‫ﺨ‬ ‫ﻁﺎﻋﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺎ‬:‫ﹶ‬‫ﺕ‬‫ﺴﻤﻌ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺩ‬ ،‫ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﺘﺘﻤﻨﻰ‬‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺴﻭل‬
‫ﻴﻘﻭل‬:‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺕ؟‬ ‫ﺃﺤﺩﻜﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻤﻨﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻻ‬:‫ﹰ‬‫ﻻ‬‫ﺨﺼﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺇﻨﻲ‬‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺴﻭل‬ ‫ﺴﻤﻌﺕ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﻴﺘﺨ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﻬ‬‫ﻥ‬
‫ﺃﻤﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬:‫ﻊ‬‫ﺒﻴ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺔ‬‫ﻭﻗﻁﻴﻌ‬ ،‫ﺒﺎﻝﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﺴﺘﺨﻔﺎﻑ‬ ،‫ﺍﻝﺤﻜﻡ‬،‫ﻤﺯﺍﻤﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﺨﺫﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﻭﻡ‬ ،‫ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻡ‬
‫ﺒﺄﻓﻘ‬ ‫ﻝﻴﺱ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﺩﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﺩﻤﻭﻥ‬‫ﻬ‬‫ﺁﺨﺭ‬ ‫ﺨﻠﺘﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻜﺭ‬ ،‫ﺀ‬‫ﻏﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻝﻴﻐﻨﻴﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻀﻠﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ‫ﻬﻡ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻴﻥ‬.
)‫ﺍﻝﺤ‬ ‫ﺇﺴﺤﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ‬ ‫ﺼﺤﺤﻪ‬‫ﻜﺜﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻻﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻀﺎﺌل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻨﻲ‬‫ﺼـ‬١٩٧(
‫ﺃﺨ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻷﻝﺒﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺫﻜﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺭﻯ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺤﻤﻪ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺍﻝﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺴﻠﺴﻠﺔ‬)٢/٦٧٢(
‫ﺼ‬‫ـ‬٩٧٩‫ﺒﻠﻔﻅ‬:‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺴﺘ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﻻ‬‫ﺨﺼﺎ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻷﻋﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺩﺭﻭﺍ‬:‫ﻤ‬‫ﺇ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺓ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺓ‬‫ﻭﻜﺜﺭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻝﺴﻔﻬﺎﺀ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﱡ‬‫ﺸ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺭ‬ِ‫ﻁ‬‫ﻭﻗﻁﻴﻌﺔ‬ ،
‫ﻭﺍﺴﺘﺨﻔﺎﻓ‬ ،‫ﺍﻝﺤﻜﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺒﻴﻊ‬ ،‫ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻡ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻭ‬ ،‫ﺒﺎﻝﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﺸ‬‫ﺍﻝﺭﺠل‬ ‫ﻴﻘﺩﻤﻭﻥ‬ ،‫ﻤﺯﺍﻤﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﺨﺫﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻭ‬
‫ﺒﺄﻓﻘ‬ ‫ﻝﻴﺱ‬‫ﻬ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻤﺎﻴﻘﺩﻤﻭ‬ ،‫ﺃﻋﻠﻤﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ‫ﻬﻡ‬‫ﻪ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻐ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻝ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬‫ﱢ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻴﻬﻡ‬.
‫ـ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﻭﻝﻘﺩ‬‫ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺼﻭﺘ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﺴﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬:
‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻀﺎﺌل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻭ‬ ‫ﺃﺨﺭﺝ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺩ‬‫ﻁﺎﻭﻭﺱ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺤﻤﻪ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ﻗﺎل‬:
‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺴﻭل‬ ‫ﺌل‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﺒﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺼﻭﺘ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﺴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﻘﺭﺁﻥ؟‬:‫ﻴﺨﺸ‬ ‫ﺭﺃﻴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺴﻤﻌﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺫﻱ‬‫ﻰ‬‫ﺍﷲ‬
‫ـ‬‫ﻋﺜﻴﻤﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ‬ ‫ﻓﻀﻴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺌل‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺤﻤﻪ‬ ‫ـ‬
:
‫ﺍﻝﺸﻴﺦ‬ ‫ﻓﻀﻴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺄﺠﺎﺏ‬:‫ﺃ‬‫ﺒﺄ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﻯ‬‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻓﻀل‬ ‫ﻝﻜﻥ‬ ،‫ﺫﻝﻙ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺱ‬‫ﱢ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﺼ‬‫ﻤﺴﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻨﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻩ‬‫ﻷﺠل‬
‫ﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩﻫ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺇﻤﺎﻤﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺤﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻴﺠﺘﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬‫ﻴﻜﺜﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻻ‬ ‫ﻭﻷﺠل‬ ،‫ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺎﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﺘﺨﻠﻭ‬ ‫ﺃﻻ‬ ‫ﻭﻷﺠل‬ ،‫ﻡ‬
‫ﻤﻜﺭﻭﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﻴﺤﺩﺙ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﺒﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﺭﺘﺒﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﺤﺩﺙ‬ ،‫ﺠﻴﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺇﻤﺎﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﺭﺍﺀﺓ‬ ‫ﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺯﺤﺎﻡ‬‫؛‬
‫ﻴﺒﻘﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻨﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻨﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﻨﺤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻝﻬﺫﺍ‬‫ﻤﺴﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻩ‬،‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺠﻤﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻗﺎﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺫﻝﻙ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻝﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﺇﻤﺎﻤﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺠﻤﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺠﺘﻤﺎﻉ‬‫ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺸﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺯﺤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺴﻼﻤﺔ‬.

244. ‫ﺍﻝﺘﺭﺍﻭﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺒﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺨﻁﺎﺀ‬
٧
11‫ء‬:
‫ﱠ‬‫ﻗ‬‫ﺘﻭ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﺨﻁﺄ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺘﻬﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺘﺭﺍﻭﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺠﺩ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻨ‬ ‫ﻝﻴﺄﺨﺫ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﻗﻠﻴ‬ ‫ﻑ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﻪ‬‫ﺨﻠﻔ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻔﺘﺤﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺨﻠﻔﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺼﻔﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﺃﻁﺭﺍﻑ‬،‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﺸﻭﻴﺵ‬ ‫ﻀﺠﻴﺞ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺤﺩﺙ‬‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ‫ﻹﻤﺎﻡ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﻬ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺸﻴﺌ‬ ‫ﻡ‬،‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻠﻴﻨﺎ‬
‫ﺨﻁﺄ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻨﻘﻊ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺤﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﻨﻔﻬﻡ‬.
‫ﺍﻝﺘﺎﻝﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻝﻸﺩﻝﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻝﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﺤﺒﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻌﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻬﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﻌﻠﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻥ‬:
‫ﺍﻷﺴﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﻴﺯﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻭ‬ ‫ﺃﺨﺭﺠﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ﻗﺎل‬:
‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺴﻭل‬ ‫ﺸﻬﺩﺕ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺸﻴﺌ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﺭﺃ‬‫ﺭﺠل‬ ‫ﻝﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬ ،‫ﻴﻘﺭﺃﻩ‬ ‫ﻝﻡ‬:‫ﻴﺎ‬،‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺴﻭل‬
‫ﺭﺴﻭ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬ ،‫ﻭﻜﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻜﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺁﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﺭﻜﺕ‬‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ل‬:‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﻫﻼ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﺫ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬ِ‫ﻨ‬‫ﻴﻬﺎ‬.
‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﻀﻲ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺤﺒﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﻴﻀ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻭ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺨﺭﺝ‬:
‫ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﺼ‬‫ﻓﻠﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﹸﺒﺱ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺭﺃ‬ ‫ﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﻰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﻨﺼﺭﻑ‬‫ﻲ‬‫ﺒ‬ُ‫ﻷ‬:‫ﻤﻌﻨﺎ؟‬ ‫ﺃﺼﻠﻴﺕ‬
‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫ﻗﺎل‬ ،‫ﻨﻌﻡ‬:‫ﻤﻨﻌﻙ؟‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬)‫ﻲ‬‫ﻋﻠ‬ ‫ﺘﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻌﻙ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬(
‫ﺍﻝﺸﻭﻜﺎﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫ـ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺤﻤﻪ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬‫ﺍﻷﻭﻁﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻨﻴل‬)٢/٣٧٣(:
‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻤﻁﻠﻘ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﻤﺸﺭﻭﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﻝﺕ‬ ‫ﻗﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﺩﻝﺔ‬،‫ﻨﺴﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻨﺩ‬‫ﺍﻝﺠﻬﺭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺍﺀﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻵﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ‬‫ﺍﻝﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻷ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻝﻐﻴﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻨﺴﻴﺎﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻨﺩ‬ ،‫ﺍﻝﺒﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻵﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻠﻙ‬ ‫ﺒﺘﺫﻜﻴﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬‫ﺒﺎﻝﺘ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﻜﺎﻥ‬‫ﺴﺒﻴﺢ‬
‫ﻝﻠﺭﺠ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻝﻠﻨﺴﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺼﻔﻴﻕ‬ ‫ل‬.‫ﺃﻫـ‬
:
١-‫ﺩ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﻤﺎﺩﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻔﺘﺢ‬‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﺃﻻ‬ ‫ﻴﻨﺒﻐﻲ‬‫ﻷ‬ ،‫ﺍﻝﺘﻼﻭﺓ‬ ‫ﺩ‬‫ﺃﻭﻝﻰ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻭ‬ ‫ﺒﻨﻔﺴﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﺫﻜﺭ‬ ‫ﺭﺒﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻨﻪ‬.
٢-‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺤﺘﻤل‬ ‫ﻷﻨﻪ‬ ،‫ﺴﻜﻭﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﺄﺨﺭ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺍﺀﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﺭﺩﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻝﻡ‬ ‫ﺴﻜﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﹸﺘﺢ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﻻ‬
‫ﻴﻘﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﻗﻠﻴ‬ ‫ﺘﻔﻜﺭ‬‫ﺃ‬.
٣-‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﻻ‬‫ﺍﻹﻤ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻔﺘﺢ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺘﻠﻘﻴﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻨﺒﻐﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻼ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ،‫ﺍﻝﻤﻌﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﻐﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺨﻁﺄ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﻝﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺍﺀﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﺨﻁﺄ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺎﻡ‬
‫ﻜ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺨﻁﺅﻩ‬ ‫ﺎﻥ‬‫ﺤ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻝﻠﻤﻌﻨﻰ‬،‫ﻭﺩﻝﻴ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺃﺨ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺫﻝﻙ‬ ‫ل‬‫ﺍﻹﻤ‬ ‫ﺭﺠﻪ‬‫ـ‬ُ‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺒﻭ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﺎﻡ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﻲ‬
‫ﻜﻌﺏ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬‫ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫ﺴ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺁﻥ‬ ‫ُﻗﺭﺌﺕ‬‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﺇﻨﻲ‬ٍ‫ﻑ‬‫ﺸﺎ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻝﻴﺱ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺔ‬
،ٍ‫ﻑ‬‫ﻜﺎ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺭﺤﻴﻤ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻏﻔﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻗﻠﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻋﻠﻴﻤ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺴﻤﻴﻌ‬ ‫ﻗﻠﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬،‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻜﺫﻝﻙ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﷲ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺴﻤﻴﻌ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻋﻠﻴﻤ‬ ‫ﻗﻠﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬‫ﻝﻡ‬
‫ﹸ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﺨ‬‫ﺒﺭﺤﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺫﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﺁﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻡ‬،‫ﺒﻌﺫﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺁﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬.

245. ‫ﺍﻝﺘﺭﺍﻭﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺒﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺨﻁﺎﺀ‬
٨
:
‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺸﺭﻭﻁ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺽ‬ ‫ﺘﺘﻭﺍﻓﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻻﺒﺩ‬:
1-:‫ﻝﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﺠﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻝﻤﺭﺃﺓ‬‫ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺘﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﺼ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬‫ﺨﻠﻑ‬ ‫ﺕ‬‫ﺍﻝﺭﺠﺎل‬
2-‫ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺤﺒﻴﺏ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺃﺨﺭﺠﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﻝﻠﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻝﻙ‬‫ﻗﺎل‬:
‫ﻴ‬‫ﻓﻠ‬ ‫ﺃﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﻨﺎﺒﻜﻡ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻭﻝ‬ ،‫ﺍﻝﺭﺠﺎل‬ ‫ﺢ‬‫ﺼ‬‫ﱢ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﺢ‬‫ﺍﻝﻨﺴﺎﺀ‬
‫ـ‬‫ﺼ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﺒﻴﺩﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺢ‬:‫ﺼ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﻕ‬،‫ﺍﻝﺭﻭﺍﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺽ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻫﻜﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻰ‬:‫ﱢﻕ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﺼ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻭﻝ‬.
‫ﺩﺍﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻨﺩ‬:‫ﱠ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺍﻝ‬ِ‫ﺒ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻭﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﻝﻠﺭﺠﺎل‬ ‫ﻴﺢ‬ِ‫ﻔ‬‫ﺼ‬‫ﻝﻠﻨﺴﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻴﻕ‬
3-:‫ﻴﺒ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﻝﺩﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻝﻪ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻤﺨﻠﺼ‬ ،‫ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻭﺠﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻝﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﺘﻐﻲ‬‫ﺤ‬‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻨﻴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﺱ‬
‫ﻘﺎل‬‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ،‫ﺍﻝﺴﻤﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺼﻭﻨﻬﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﻝﺭﻴﺎﺀ‬:‫ﻗﺎﺭﺉ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬‫ﻋﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﺤﺒﻁ‬.
4-،:
‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺃﻤﺎ‬‫ﻓﻼ‬ ،‫ﺼﻭﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻌﻠﻡ‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺒﻌﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻥ‬.
5-:‫ﻤ‬‫ﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺽ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺤﺼل‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻤﺎ‬‫ﺠ‬‫ﺘﻌ‬‫ﺒﺄﺼﻭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺇﻝﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﺴﺎﺒﻘﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺫﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻠﻴﻥ‬
‫ﻴﻨﻁﻘﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﺘﻭﻋﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ،‫ﺍﻝﻤﺼﻠﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺠﻬﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻜل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺘﺸﻭﻴﺵ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﺤﺼل‬ ،‫ﻤﺨﺘﻠﻁﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻝﻴﺔ‬،‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﺫﺍ‬
‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻤﺄﻤﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﻜل‬ ‫ﻓﻠﻴﺤﺭﺹ‬ ،‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﺂﺩﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ،‫ﺍﻝﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﺒﺤﺭﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻴﻠﻴﻕ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻴﺘﺄ‬‫ﻰ‬‫ﺩ‬‫ﻭﻝﻴﻭ‬ ،‫ﻜﻔﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬.
6-،، ‫ء‬:
‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻤﺘﻭﺍﺘﺭ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺤﺭﻓ‬ ‫ﻝﻴﺱ‬ ،‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﺨﻁﺄ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺭﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺤﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻴﻘﻴﻨ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
‫ﻭﺍﺤﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻗﺭﺍﺀﺓ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﺭﻑ‬‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺨﻁﺄ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻭﺍﺘﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺍﺀﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬.
7-،،
:‫ﻭﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﻝﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﺭﺍﺀﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻔﺴﺩ‬ ،‫ﻭﻴﻌﻭﻗﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﻨﺎﺯﻉ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﻀﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻻ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺨﻁﺊ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﺄﻤﻭﻡ‬.
8-:‫ﺘﺄﻜﺩ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬‫ﻓﻘ‬ ،‫ﺍﻝﻨﺴﻴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺴﺒﺏ‬ ‫ﺴﻜﻭﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬‫ﻴﺴﻜﺕ‬ ‫ﺩ‬
‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﺍﺴﺘﻐﻔﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﺒﺘﺴﺒﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺃﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﻋﺫﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﺁﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺭﺤﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺁﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﺫ‬...‫ﺘﺄﺨﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺩ‬ ،‫ﺫﻝﻙ‬ ‫ﻭﻨﺤﻭ‬
‫ﹶ‬‫ﻨ‬ ‫ﻝﻴﺴﺘﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﺭﻴﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﻝﻴﺒﻠﻊ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﻜﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﺴﻌﻠﺔ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﻪ‬‫ﺘﻌﻨﻴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﺇﻤﻬﺎﻝﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻨﺒﻐﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺤﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﻜل‬ ‫ﻓﻔﻲ‬ ،.

246. ‫ﺍﻝﺘﺭﺍﻭﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺒﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺨﻁﺎﺀ‬
٩
12‫ء‬:
‫ﻓﺘﺭﻯ‬‫ﺘﺭﺘﻔﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺘﺭﺍﻭﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺒﺎﻝﻨﺤﻴﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺒﻌﺽ‬ ‫ﺃﺼﻭﺍﺕ‬،‫ﻭﺍﻝﻨﺸﻴﺞ‬،‫ﺘﺼل‬ ‫ﻝﺩﺭﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﺫﻝﻙ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻜﻠﻑ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻌﻭﻴ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺼﺭﺍﺥ‬ ‫ﺇﻝﻰ‬‫ـ‬‫ل‬‫ﻫﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺒل‬ ،‫ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻭﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﻝﻤﻨﻬﺞ‬ ‫ﻤﺨﺎﻝﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬ ،‫ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ‬‫ﺍﻝﺒﻜ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺃﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺎﺀ‬
‫ﺃﺯﻴﺯ‬ ‫ﻝﺼﺩﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﺴﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﺘﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬،‫ﺠ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻭ‬ ‫ﺃﺨﺭﺠﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺎﺀ‬
‫ﺒﻥ‬‫ﺍﻝﺸﺨﻴﺭ‬‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﺘﻴﺕ‬‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬‫ﱢ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﺼ‬‫ﻲ‬‫ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺠل‬ ‫ﻜﺄﺯﻴﺯ‬ ‫ﺃﺯﻴﺯ‬ ‫ﻭﻝﺠﻭﻓﻪ‬ ،
‫ﻭ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺼﺭﺍﺨ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺼﻴﺎﺤ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺼﻼﺘﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻑ‬ ‫ﺒﻜﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬،‫ﻭﺘﺴﻴل‬ ‫ﺃﺤﺩﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﺒﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﺭﺒﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺒل‬
‫ﺒﺠﺎﻨ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺤﺎﻝﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺩﻤﻭﻉ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﻪ‬،‫ﻓﻜﺎﻨﻭﺍ‬‫ﺃﺤﺭﺹ‬‫ﺍﻝﺭﻴﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺨﻼﺹ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ‬
‫ﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺠﺎﺀ‬‫ﺍﻝﺼﻔﻭﺓ‬ ‫ﺼﻔﻭﺓ‬)٣/٢٣٩(‫ﺴﻨﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺤﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬:
‫ﺃﻨ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﺘﻜ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﺫﺍ‬ ،‫ﺩﻴﻨﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺎﻝﻙ‬ ‫ﻤﺠﻠﺱ‬ ‫ﻴﺤﻀﺭ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻪ‬‫ﺒﻜ‬ ‫ﻤﺎﻝﻙ‬ ‫ﻡ‬‫ﻰ‬‫ﻝﻪ‬ ‫ﺴﻤﻊ‬‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ،‫ﻴﺩﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﺒل‬ ‫ﺤﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺤﺴﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺼﻭﺕ‬.
‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺠﻭﺯﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻜﺭ‬‫ﺼ‬ ‫ﺇﺒﻠﻴﺱ‬ ‫ﺘﻠﺒﻴﺱ‬‫ـ‬٢٠٢‫ﺍﻝﻤﻌﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺘﺩل‬ ‫ﺁﺜﺎﺭ‬:
‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﻋﺎﺼﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬:‫ﱠ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﺼ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺌل‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻭ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬‫ﻨﺸﺞ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻰ‬)١(
‫ﻴﻔﻌﻠ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺩﻨﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻝﻪ‬ ‫ﺠﻌﻠﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻝﻭ‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻨﺸﻴﺠ‬‫ﻪ‬
‫ﻭﺃ‬‫ﻓﻌﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﺭﺍﻩ‬ ‫ﺤﺩ‬.
‫ﺴ‬‫ﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﺃﻴﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﻜﺎﻥ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﺨ‬ِ‫ﻴ‬‫ﺘﺎﻨﻲ‬:‫ﻗﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺒﻜﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻏﻠﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻕ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬ ،‫ﱠ‬‫ﻕ‬‫ﻓﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻅ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﻜﺎﻥ‬ ،)‫ﺨﺎﻑ‬(‫ﻓﻴﻤﺴﺢ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺭﻴﺎﺀ؛‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬
‫ﻭﻴﻘﻭل‬ ،‫ﻭﺠﻬﻪ‬:‫ﺍﻝﺯﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﺸﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬!)‫ﺍﻝﺠﻭﺯﻱ‬ ‫ﻻﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﺩﻫﺵ‬(
‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﺯﻴﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻥ‬:‫ﺃﻤﺎﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﺎ‬ ‫ﺭﺃﻴﺕ‬‫ﺃﺘﻰ‬‫ﻋﻠ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﺒﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﺴﺎﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺭﺠل‬ ‫ﻰ‬
‫ﺃﻤﺎﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻭ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬ ،‫ﺭﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺩﻋﻭ‬ ،‫ﺴﺠﻭﺩﻩ‬:‫ﺃﻨﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﺕ‬!‫ﺒﻴﺘﻙ؟‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻝﻭ‬!
‫ﺍﻝﺤﺴﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻥ‬:‫ﹼﺱ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﻓﺘﻨ‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻴﻭﻤ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻅ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻪ‬‫ﺍﻝﺤﺴﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬ ،‫ﻤﺠﻠﺴﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺭﺠل‬:‫ﺸﻬﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺩ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﺎﻝﻲ‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬‫ﺕ‬
‫ﻫﻠﻜﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻝﻐﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻥ‬ ،‫ﻨﻔﺴﻙ‬.
‫ﻭﺍﺴﻊ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻭل‬‫ـ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺤﻤﻪ‬ ‫ـ‬:‫ﹸ‬‫ﺕ‬‫ﺃﺩﺭﻜ‬‫ﺍﻤﺭﺃﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﺃﺱ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺭﺃﺴﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺭﺠل‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﻻ‬‫ﺭﺠﺎ‬
‫ﺃﺤﺩﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﻻ‬‫ﺭﺠﺎ‬ ‫ﹸ‬‫ﺕ‬‫ﺃﺩﺭﻜ‬ ‫ﻭﻝﻘﺩ‬ ،‫ﺍﻤﺭﺃﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﺸﻌﺭ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺩﻤﻭﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻩ‬‫ﺩ‬‫ﺨ‬ ‫ﺘﺤﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ل‬‫ﺒ‬ ‫ﻗﺩ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﺤﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺴﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺠﻨﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺇﻝﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﺸﻌﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ‫ﻩ‬‫ﺩ‬‫ﺨ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺩﻤﻭﻋﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺴﻴل‬ ، ‫ﺍﻝﺼﻑ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬.
‫ﻴﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺠﻭﺯﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻜﺎﻥ‬:‫ﺒ‬‫ﻝ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺩ‬‫ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻌﺒﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺇﺒﻠﻴﺱ‬ ‫ﺱ‬،‫ﺤﻭﻝﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻴﺒﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻜﺎﻨﻭﺍ‬ ،‫ﻴﻥ‬
‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻊ‬ ‫ﻗﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﺘ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﺄﻅﻬﺭﻩ‬ ،‫ﺴﺘﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻗﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻤﻥ‬ ،‫ﺩﻓﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻤﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻼ‬ ،‫ﻴﻪ‬‫ﻝﻠﺭﻴﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻌﺭﺽ‬.‫ﺃﻫـ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﺸﺄﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫ﺭﺍﺌﻲ‬:‫ﻤ‬‫ﻭ‬ ،‫ﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻊ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺴ‬ ‫ﻊ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺴ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ﻴ‬ ،‫ﺭﺍﺌﻲ‬‫ﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﺌﻲ‬
)‫ﻭﻤﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ‬(
1)(ً ‫و‬ ً ‫آ‬ ‫ا‬:‫ب‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ء‬ ‫ا‬ ‫دد‬.

247. ‫ﺍﻝﺘﺭﺍﻭﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺒﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺨﻁﺎﺀ‬
١٠
‫ﻭﻤﻥ‬‫ﺃ‬‫ﻻ‬‫ﻭﺨﻤﻭل‬ ‫ﻜﺴل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺘﺭﺍﻭﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﺠﺩﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻙ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻝﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺸﻴﻁﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻴﺏ‬،‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﺩﺃ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻝﻜﻥ‬
‫ﹾ‬‫ﻘ‬‫ﺘ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺩﻋﺎﺀ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺸ‬ِ‫ﻌ‬‫ﺩ‬‫ﻭﺘ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺠﻠﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﺭ‬‫ﺍﻝﻨﺸﺎﻁ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺩﺏ‬ ،‫ﺍﻝﻌﻴﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬،‫ﻓ‬‫ﺄﻴ‬‫ﻋﻨ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ﺩ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻨﺯل‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺴﻤﺎﻉ‬
‫ﺴ‬‫ﻝﺘﻔ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺸﺎﻤﺨﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺠﺒﺎل‬‫ﺩ‬‫ﻭﺘﺼ‬ ‫ﺨﺕ‬‫ﻋﺕ؟‬‫ﺍﻝﺒﺸﺭ؟‬ ‫ﺭﺏ‬ ‫ﻜﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺒﺸﺭ‬ ‫ﻜﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻴﻥ‬!
‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﻝﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻝﻭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺼﻭﺕ‬ ‫ﺴﻤﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﺒﻤﺠﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﻴﺒﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻝﺒﻌﺽ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺸﻁﻁ‬ ‫ﻭﺼل‬ ‫ﺒل‬‫ﺩ‬ِ‫ﺭ‬‫ﻴﻘﺭﺃ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬،‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﻴﻀ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬
‫ﺃ‬‫ﻻ‬‫ﺍﻝﺸﻴﻁﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻴﺏ‬.‫ﱡ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺸ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻝﻌﻭﻴل‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺼﺭﻴﺦ‬ ‫ﺇﻝﻰ‬ ‫ﺘﺼل‬ ‫ﻝﺩﺭﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺒﻜﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﺩﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﻜﻠﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﺒﻤﺎ‬‫ﻭﺍﻝﺴﻘ‬ ‫ﺞ‬‫ـ‬،‫ﻭﻁ‬
‫ﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﺭﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﺼﻔﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺫﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﺅﻤﻨﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺼﻔﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻝﻴﺱ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬‫ﻓﻘ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻜﺭﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺎﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻌﺎﻝﻤﻴﻥ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺎل‬:}}}}

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‫ﺍﻝﻘﺭﻁﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬-‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺤﻤﻪ‬-‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺘﻔﺴﻴﺭﻩ‬‫ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﻹﺤﻜﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺠﺎﻤﻊ‬)٧/٣٦٥(‫ﻋﻨ‬‫ﺩ‬‫ﺍﻵﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬:
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299. ُ
^ِ َa ُ{{{{:‫ﻴﺨﺎﻓﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻨﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺇﻝﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻴﻘﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻨﻔﻭﺴﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻌ‬ ‫ﺎل‬‫ﻬ‬‫ﺠ‬ ‫ﻴﻔﻌﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ،‫ﻭﻋﻘﻭﺒﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺴﻁﻭﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺨﺎﺌﻔﻴﻥ‬ ،‫ﺒﺎﷲ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻌﺎﺭﻓﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺤﺎﻝﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﺫﻩ‬ ،‫ﺍﷲ‬‫ﻭﺍﻝﻤﺒﺘﺩﻋﺔ‬ ،‫ﻡ‬‫ﻭﺍ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻁﻐﺎﻡ‬)١(
‫ﱡ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻥ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻝﺯﺌﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺯﻋﻴﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬‫ﺍﻝﺤﻤﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﹸﻬﺎﻕ‬‫ﻨ‬ ‫ﻴﺸﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﻬﺎﻕ‬.
‫ﺘﻌﺎﻁﻰ‬ ‫ﻝﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻘﺎل‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﺠ‬‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺫﻝﻙ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﻋﻡ‬ ،‫ﺫﻝﻙ‬‫ﺩ‬‫ﻭﺨﺸﻭﻉ‬:‫ﺍﻝﺭﺴﻭل‬ ‫ﺤﺎل‬ ‫ﺘﺴﺎﻭﻱ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﺒﻠﻎ‬ ‫ﻝﻡ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﻻ‬‫ﺤﺎل‬
‫ﺃﺼﺤﺎﺒﻪ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻋﻨﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﻀﻲ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻭﺍﻝﺨﻭ‬ ،‫ﺒﺎﷲ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺫﻝﻙ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻊ‬ ،‫ﻝﺠﻼﻝﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻝﺘﻌﻅﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻑ‬‫ﺤﺎﻝﻬﻡ‬
‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻭﺼﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﻝﺫﻝﻙ‬ ،‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺨﻭﻓ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻝﺒﻜﺎﺀ‬ ،‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻔﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﻭﺍﻋﻅ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬‫ﺴﻤﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺭﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﺃﺤﻭﺍل‬
،‫ﻜﺘﺎﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﻼﻭﺓ‬ ‫ﺫﻜﺭﻩ‬‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬:}}}}

300. ُ ُ

302. ْ

303. ِ ْ ُ

305. ِ ِ

306. ِ
ِ َa

307. َS

308. َa ِ
َِW َ ِ ُS

309. ْ
ِ

310. َ ِW

312. ُ ُ

314. ْ

315. ِ ْ ُ

317. ِ ِ

318. ِ
ِ َa

319. َS

320. َa ِ
َِW َ ِ ُS

321. ْ
ِ

322. َ ِW

324. ُ ُ

326. ْ

327. ِ ْ ُ

329. ِ ِ

330. ِ
ِ َa

331. َS

332. َa ِ
َِW َ ِ ُS

333. ْ
ِ

334. َ ِW

336. ُ ُ

338. ْ

339. ِ ْ ُ

341. ِ ِ

342. ِ
ِ َa

343. َS

344. َa ِ
َِW َ ِ ُS

345. ْ
ِ

346. َ ِW

348. [

350. [

352. [

354. [

356. ِ ِ

359. ُbْ َ

360. Q

361. ِ ِ

364. ُbْ َ

365. Q

366. ِ ِ

369. ُbْ َ

370. Q

371. ِ ِ

374. ُbْ َ

375. Q{{{{]‫ﺍﻝﻤﺎﺌﺩﺓ‬:٨٣[‫ﺤﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻭﺼﻑ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﺫﺍ‬ ،‫ﻤ‬‫ﻭ‬ ،‫ﻤﻘﺎﻝﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺤﻜﺎﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻬﻡ‬‫ﻓﻠﻴﺱ‬ ‫ﻜﺫﻝﻙ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﻝﻡ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻤﻥ‬ ،‫ﻁﺭﻴﻘﺘﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ،‫ﻫﺩﻴﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﺒﻬﻡ‬‫ﹶﻌﺎﻁﻰ‬‫ﺘ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻥ‬ ،،‫ﻭﺍﻝﺠﻨﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﺠﺎﻨﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﻭﺍل‬
‫ﺴ‬‫ﺃﺨ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻭ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﻻ‬‫ﺤﺎ‬ ‫ﻬﻡ‬‫ﻓﻨﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻝﺠﻨﻭﻥ‬ ،.
‫ﺍﻝﺘﺭﻤﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﻭﻯ‬‫ﺍﻝﻌﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺴﺎﺭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺎﺽ‬‫ﻗﺎل‬:
‫ﹶ‬‫ﻅ‬‫ﻭﻋ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺴﻭل‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺍﻝﻘﻠﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻭﺠﻠﺕ‬ ،‫ﺍﻝﻌﻴﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺫﺭﻓﺕ‬ ‫ﺒﻠﻴﻐﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻋﻅﺔ‬..‫ﺍﻝﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬
‫ﻴﻘل‬ ‫ﻭﻝﻡ‬:‫ﺯ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ،‫ﺭﻗﺼﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ،‫ﺯﻋﻘﻨﺎ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺎ‬)٢(
‫ﻗﻤﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬.‫ﺒﺎﺨﺘﺼﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻫـ‬.
١.‫ﻜﺘﺎﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺠﻭﺯﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻜﺭ‬‫ﺘﻠﺒﻴ‬‫ﺱ‬‫ﺼ‬ ‫ﺇﺒﻠﻴﺱ‬‫ـ‬٣٥٩‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺘﺩل‬ ‫ﺍﻵﺜﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻠﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺼل‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﺤﺎﺯﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺠﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻬﺎ‬:‫ﺭ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻋﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﻀﻲ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺴﺎﻗﻁ‬ ‫ﺒﺭﺠل‬
‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻝﻌﺭﺍﻕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬‫ـ‬،‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬:‫ﻓﻘ‬ ،‫ﺸﺄﻨﻪ؟‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺎﻝﻭﺍ‬:‫ﻗ‬ ،‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻴﺼﻴﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﹸﺭﺉ‬‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺎل‬:‫ﻝﻨﺨﺸﻰ‬ ‫ﺇﻨﺎ‬
‫ﺍﷲ‬‫ﻨﺴﻘﻁ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﺎ‬.
1)(‫م‬ ‫ا‬:‫ده‬ ‫وأو‬ ‫س‬ ‫ا‬ ‫أراذل‬ ‫أي‬.
2)(َ ََ‫ز‬:‫ا‬ ‫وأ‬ ، ‫ر‬‫ی‬ ‫ا‬‫ﺏ‬ ‫ب‬ ‫وا‬‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ی‬ ‫آ‬ ، ‫رﺝ‬.

376. ‫ﺍﻝﺘﺭﺍﻭﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺒﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺨﻁﺎﺀ‬
١١
٢.‫ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺤﺼﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻥ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺤﻤﻪ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ﻗﺎل‬:
‫ﻗﻠﺕ‬‫ﻷﺴﻤﺎﺀ‬‫ﺭﻀﻲ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺒﻜﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﻨﺕ‬‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺴﻭل‬ ‫ﺃﺼﺤﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﻴﻑ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬‫ﻗﺭﺍﺀﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬
‫ﻗﺎﻝﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺁﻥ؟‬:‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺫﻜﺭﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻨﻭﺍ‬،‫ﻭﺼﻔﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬:‫ﻓﻘﻠﺕ‬ ،‫ﺠﻠﻭﺩﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﻘﺸﻌﺭ‬ ،‫ﻋﻴﻭﻨﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺘﺩﻤﻊ‬
‫ﻝﻬﺎ‬:‫ﻫ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﻻ‬‫ﺭﺠﺎ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎ‬ِ‫ﺸ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻏ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﺩﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺭﺉ‬‫ﻓﻘﺎﻝﺕ‬ ،‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻲ‬:‫ﺍﻝﺸﻴﻁﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﷲ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻭﺫ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺭﺠﻴﻡ‬.
٣.‫ﻋﻴﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺭﺤﻤﻪ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ﷲ‬‫ﻗﺎل‬:
‫ﻋﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩ‬ ‫ﺇﻝﻰ‬ ‫ﺫﻫﺒﻨﺎ‬‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬ ،‫ـ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﻀﻲ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻝﺴﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻭ‬‫ﺭ‬ :‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻗﻭﻤ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺭﺤﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﺎ‬
‫ﻋ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻨﺩﻨﺎ‬‫ﻗﺎل‬ ،‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺨﺸﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﺩﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﺭﻜﺽ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺭﺉ‬:‫ﻗﺎل‬ ،‫ﻜﺫﺒﺕ‬:‫ﻴ‬‫ﺍﻝﺒﻨ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﺏ‬ ‫ﺒﻠﻰ‬،‫ﺔ‬
‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫ﺃﺤﺩﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﺠﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﻝﻴﺩﺨل‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺸﻴﻁﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺼﺎﺩﻗ‬ ‫ﻜﻨﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺤﻙ‬،‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﷲ‬‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﺼﺤﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﻜﺫﺍ‬.
٤.‫ﺍﻝﻌﺯﻴﺯ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺤﻤﻪ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ﻗﺎل‬:‫ﻤ‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﺌل‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﻭ‬ ،‫ﺴﻴﺭﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺤﻤﺩ‬ ‫ﺴﻤﻌﺕ‬‫ﻥ‬
‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬ ،‫ﻓﻴﺼﻌﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﺘﻤﻊ‬:‫ﻴ‬‫ﻓ‬ ،‫ﺤﺎﺌﻁ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﺠﻠﺴﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺒﻴﻨﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻨﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﻴﻌﺎﺩ‬‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻘﺭﺁﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻘﺭﺃ‬
‫ﻴﻘﻭﻝﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺴﻘﻁﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺨﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺇﻝﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﻝﻪ‬.
13
:
‫ﻓﻠﻘﺩ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺍﻝﺨﻁﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﺴﻨﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺽ‬ ‫ﺩﻋﻰ‬‫ﻝﺫﻝﻙ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺴﺘﺩل‬ ،:
‫ﻲ‬‫ُﺒ‬‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﺃﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺨﻁﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﺒﺄﻥ‬‫ﻋﺸ‬ ‫ﺒﺈﺤﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﻝﻠﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻭﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺩﺍﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﺘﻤﻴﻤ‬ ‫ﻜﻌﺏ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬‫ﺭﺓ‬
،‫ﺭﻜﻌﺔ‬‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻝﻴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺨﺭﺝ‬‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬ ،‫ﺼﻠﻭﻥ‬:‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺒﺩﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻨﻌﻤﺕ‬.)‫ﺍﻝﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ‬(
‫ﻓﻘﺎﻝﻭﺍ‬:‫ﺃﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﺩل‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬‫ﻤﺸﺭﻭﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻝﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﺴﺒﻕ‬ ‫ﻝﻡ‬.‫ﻋﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﺴﻨﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ؛‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ﺴﻨﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻻ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ‬‫ﻓﻨﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﻨﻌﺎﺭﺽ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻝﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺤﻴﻨﺌﺫ‬ ،:‫ﺍﻝﺭﺴﻭل‬ ‫ﻋﻬﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺠﺩ‬‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺴﺒﺒﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻷﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺴﻨﺔ؛‬ ‫ﻝﻴﺴﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﻨﻬﺎ‬‫ﻭﻝﻡ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻝﻘﺎﻋﺩﺓ‬ ،‫ﻴﻔﻌﻠﻪ‬:‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬‫ﺴﺒﺒ‬ ‫ﺠﺩ‬‫ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻬﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻪ‬‫ﻴﺘﺭﻜﻪ‬ ‫ﻜﻴﻑ‬ ‫ﻷﻨﻪ‬ ،‫ﺒﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻝﻴﺱ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻨﻪ‬ ،‫ﻴﻔﻌﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻝﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺭﺴﻭل‬‫ﺍﻝﺭﺴﻭل‬ ‫ﻋﻬﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﺠﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﺭﻤﻀﺎﻥ؛‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻝﺴﺒﺏ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﺠﻭﺩ؟‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻝﺴﺒﺏ‬‫ﻴﻔﻌﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻝﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻠﻤﺎ‬ ،
‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻠﻰ‬ ،‫ﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﻝﻡ‬‫ﻓﺎ‬ ،‫ﺭﻤﻀﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻔﺭﻴﻀﺔ‬ ‫ﺼﻠﻴﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﺫﺍ‬ ‫؛‬‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ل‬‫ﹸﺼ‬‫ﺘ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ،‫ﱠ‬‫ل‬‫ﺼ‬‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﺘﻙ‬ ‫ﺇﻝﻰ‬ ‫ﺫﻫﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ‬)‫ﻴﻘﻭﻝﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﻜﺫﺍ‬(.

377. ‫ﺍﻝﺘﺭﺍﻭﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺒﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺨﻁﺎﺀ‬
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‫ﻭﺍﻝﺠ‬‫ﻭﺍﺏ‬:‫ﻗﻭ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬‫ل‬‫ﻀﻌﻴﻑ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺜﺒﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺌﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻏﻔل‬ ،‫ﺍﻝﺼﺤﻴﺤﻴﻥ‬‫ﻭﻏﻴﺭﻫﻤﺎ‬:
‫ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ٍ‫ل‬‫ﻝﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺜﻼﺙ‬ ‫ﺒﺄﺼﺤﺎﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻡ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﺘﺨ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺭﺍﺒﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺜﺎﻝﺜﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬ ،‫ﻭﻗﺎل‬ ،‫ﱢ‬‫ل‬‫ﺼ‬‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﻭﻝﻡ‬ ‫ﻑ‬ :‫ﺇﻨﻲ‬
‫ﹸ‬‫ﺕ‬‫ﺨﺸﻴ‬‫ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻡ‬ ‫ﹲﻔﺭﺽ‬‫ﺘ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬)‫ﻭﻤﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ‬(،‫ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺘﺭﺍﻭﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﻓﺜﺒﺘﺕ‬‫ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻜﺭ‬ ،‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﺎﻨﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺴﺘﻤﺭﺍﺭ‬‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬‫ﺍﻝﺭﺴﻭل‬ ‫ﺒﻭﻓﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﺯﺍل‬ ‫ﻗﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺨﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬ ،‫ﺘﻔﺭﺽ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺨﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬ ،‫ﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻝﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻷﻨﻪ‬ ‫؛‬
ُ‫ﺄ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻭﺤﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻨﻘﻁﻊ‬ِ‫ﻤ‬‫ﺯﻭﺍل‬ ‫ﺜﺒﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻭﺤﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻨﻘﻁﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻔﺭﻀﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺨﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻌﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺯﺍﻝﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻠﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﻓﺭﻀﻴﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻨﻅﺭ؛‬ ‫ﻭﻴﺒﻘﻲ‬ ،‫ﻝﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻭﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺴﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺘﻌﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺤﻴﻨﺌﺫ‬ ،‫ﺍﻝﻤﻌﻠﻭل‬‫ﺒﻜﺭ؟‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻭ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻴﻔﻌل‬ ‫ﻝﻡ‬ ‫ﻝﻤﺎﺫﺍ‬
‫ﺫﻝﻙ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻝﺠﻭﺍﺏ‬‫ﺃ‬‫ﻘﺎل‬‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﻥ‬:‫ﺒﻜﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬‫ﺍﻝﺠﻴﻭﺵ‬ ‫ﺒﺘﺠﻬﻴﺯ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﻻ‬‫ﻤﺸﻐﻭ‬ ‫ﻭﻜﺎﻥ‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻭﺃﺸﻬﺭ‬ ‫ﺴﻨﺘﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻨﺕ‬
‫ﺩ‬‫ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺘ‬ ‫ﻝﻘﺘﺎل‬‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻜﺎﻥ‬ ،‫ﻭﻏﻴﺭﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﻴﻥ‬‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻨﻬﻡ‬ ،‫ﻭﺤﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺼﻠﻲ‬‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻨﻬﻡ‬ ،‫ﺍﻝﺭﺠﻠﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺼﻠﻲ‬
‫ﻴ‬‫ﻋﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻠﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺜﻼﺜﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺼﻠﻲ‬،‫ﺍﻝﺘﻔﺭﻕ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﺠﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻠﻡ‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﻭﺯﺍﻋ‬ ‫ﻴﺼﻠﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻭﺠﺩﻫﻡ‬ ‫ﻝﻴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺨﺭﺝ‬
‫ﻭﺃﻤﺭ‬‫ﻲ‬‫ُﺒ‬‫ﺃ‬‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺩﺍﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺘﻤﻴﻤ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻭ‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺠﻤﻴﻌ‬ ‫ﻝﻠﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻭﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﻌﺏ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬‫ﻭﺒﻬﺫﺍ‬ ،‫ﺭﻜﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺇﺤﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻝﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺼﻠﻴﺎ‬
‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻤﺸﺭﻭﻋ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻷﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻌل‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺭﻓﻨﺎ‬.
‫ﻗﺎﺌل‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬:‫ﻋﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﻗﻭل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﻘﻭﻝﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬:‫ﺍﻝﺒﺩﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻨﻌﻤﺕ‬‫ﺒﺘﺩﻋﺔ؟‬‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﺩل‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬
‫ﻓﺎﻝﺠﻭﺍﺏ‬:‫ﺒﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻲ‬ ،‫ﻨﺴﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺒﺩﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬‫ﻷﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﺸﺭﻭﻋﻴﺔ؛‬ ‫ﺃﺼل‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ،‫ﺴﺒﻘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺭﺴﻭل‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﺁﺨﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺒﻘﻴﺕ‬،‫ﺘﻘﻡ‬ ‫ﻝﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﻜﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺨﻼﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬ ،‫ﻜﺄﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺼﺎﺭﺕ‬ ،‫ﺇﻗﺎﻤﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺴﺘﺅﻨﻔﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻠﻤﺎ‬
،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺃﺒﺩ‬ ‫ﺸﺭﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺩﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺜﻨﻲ‬‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺨﻁﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻝﻌﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﻴﻤﻜﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ،‫ﺠﺩﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﺘﺩﺍﺀ‬‫ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺩ‬:
‫ﻀﻼﻝﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺩﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻜل‬)‫ﻤﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﻩ‬(،‫ﻋﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﻗﻭل‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺨﺫ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺒﺩﻉ‬ ‫ﺃﻫل‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺽ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻝﻌﺠﺏ‬ :‫ﺍﻝﺒﺩﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻨﻌﻤﺕ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺒﺎﺒ‬
‫ﻭﻴﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﺒﺘﺩﻉ‬ ‫ﻭﺼﺎﺭ‬ ،‫ﻝﻠﺒﺩﻋﺔ‬ :‫ﻫﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺒﺩﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻨﻌﻤﺕ‬‫ﻫﺫ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻻﺸﻙ‬ ،‫ﻝﻭ‬ ‫ﺤﺘﻰ‬ ،‫ﺒﺎﻝﻤﺘﺸﺎﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺨﺫ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍ‬
‫ﻋﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﹸﺭﺽ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﻤﺘﺒﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻝﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺫﻝﻙ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺤﺎﺸﺎﻩ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﺘﺩﻉ‬،‫ﻝﻘﻭﻝﻪ‬:
‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺭﺍﺸﺩﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺨﻠﻔﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﺴﻨﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻡ‬‫ﺒﻌﺩﻱ‬
)‫ﺭﻭﺍﻩ‬‫ﻤﺎﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺭﻤﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻭ‬‫ﻭﺃﺤﻤﺩ‬،‫ﺍﻝﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺴﻠﺴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬:٢٧٣٥(
)‫ﺍﻝﻤﻤﺘﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺸﺭﺡ‬:٤/٥٦(‫ﺒﺘﺼﺭﻑ‬.

378. ‫ﺍﻝﺘﺭﺍﻭﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺒﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺨﻁﺎﺀ‬
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14:
‫ﺍﻝﻌﺩﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺘﺯﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺤﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻐﻠﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻓﺒﻌﺽ‬ ،‫ﻨﻔﺭﻁ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻨﻐﻠﻭ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻝﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﻨﺒﻐﻲ‬ ‫ﻻ‬،‫ﻓﻴﻘﻭل‬:‫ﻴﺠﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻻ‬
‫ﻭﻴﻘﻭل‬ ،‫ﺫﻝﻙ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺯﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻨﻜﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﺸﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻨﻜﺭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻝﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺠﺎﺀﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ‬:‫ﻋﺎﺼﻲ‬ ‫ﺁﺜﻡ‬ ‫ﺇﻨﻪ‬.
‫ﻋﺎﺼﻴ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺁﺜﻤ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻜﻴﻑ‬ ،‫ﺨﻁﺄ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻻﺸﻙ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺴﺌل‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺩ‬‫ﻋ‬‫ﻓﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻠﻴل؟‬ ‫ﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﻥ‬:‫ﻤﺜﻨﻰ‬
‫ﻤﺜﻨ‬‫ﻰ‬)‫ﻭﻤﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ‬(‫ﺍﻝﻌﺩﺩ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻠﻴل‬ ‫ﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﺴﺄﻝﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﻌﻠﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻥ‬ ،‫ﺒﻌﺩﺩ‬ ‫ﻴﺤﺩﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻝﻡ‬‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻷﻥ‬ ‫؛‬
‫ﻓﺠ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻜﻴﻔﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﻠﻡ‬‫ﺍﻝﺭﺴﻭل‬ ‫ﺨﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻝﻴﺱ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬ ،‫ﺃﻭﻝﻰ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻝﻌﺩﺩ‬ ‫ﻬﻠﻪ‬‫ﻨﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﺤﺘﻰ‬:‫ﻴﺤﺩﺙ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻴﻌﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺇﻨﻪ‬
‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﺫﺍ‬ ،‫ﺒﻴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺨل‬‫ﻝﻨﺒﻲ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺒ‬،‫ﻭﺍﺴﻊ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺒﻌﺩﺩ؛‬ ‫ﻝﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﺤﺩﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﻜﻴﻔﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻝﻪ‬ ‫ﻥ‬
‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻴﺼﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻝﻺﻨﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻥ‬‫ﺎ‬،‫ﺒﻭﺍﺤﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻭﺘﺭ‬ ‫ﺭﻜﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺌﺔ‬‫ﻗﻭﻝﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻤﺎ‬:‫ﺃﺼﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺭﺃﻴﺘﻤﻭﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺼﻠﻭﺍ‬
)‫ﺍﻝ‬‫ﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ‬(
‫ﻭﻤﺭﺓ‬ ،‫ﺒﺨﻤﺱ‬ ‫ﻤﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻴﻭﺘﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻨﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﻭﺠﺒﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻭﻝﻬﺫﺍ‬ ،‫ﻫﺅﻻﺀ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬ ‫ﺤﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻭﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻝﻴﺱ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﺫﺍ‬
‫ﻝﻘﻠﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻝﻌﻤﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﺨﺫﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻝﻭ‬ ،‫ﺒﺘﺴﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﺭﺓ‬ ،‫ﺒﺴﺒﻊ‬:،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺴﺭﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﺘﺴﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﺭﺓ‬ ،‫ﺒﺴﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﺭﺓ‬ ،‫ﺒﺨﻤﺱ‬ ‫ﻤﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺘﻭﺘﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺠﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺭﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻨﻤﺎ‬ :‫ﺃﺼﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺭﺃﻴﺘﻤﻭﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺼﻠﻭﺍ‬‫ﺇﻻ‬ ،‫ﻓﻼ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻌﺩﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﻝﻜﻴﻔﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺒﺘﺤﺩﻴﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻨﺹ‬ ‫ﺜﺒﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬.
‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﻝﻺﻨﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻨﺒﻐﻲ‬ ‫ﻜل؛‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ﺇﻨ‬ ‫ﺤﺘﻰ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﺴﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﺸﺩﺩ‬ ‫ﻻ‬‫ﺍﻹﺨ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﺃﻴﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻴﺸﺩﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺫﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺓ‬
‫ﺩ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻋ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻭ‬ ،‫ﻋﺸﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺇﺤﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﺯﻴﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺫﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺌﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻥ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﺨ‬‫ﺠ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﺍﻷﺠﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻔﻭﺘﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺭﺴﻭل‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺫﻱ‬:‫ﻤ‬‫ﻴﻨﺼﺭ‬ ‫ﺤﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻜ‬ ‫ﻑ‬‫ﻝﻴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻝﻪ‬ ‫ﺘﺏ‬
)‫ﻤﺎﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻝﻨﺴﺎﺌﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻝﺘﺭﻤﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﺒﻭ‬،‫ﺍﻝﺠﺎﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬:١٦١٥(.
‫ﻴ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﺤﻴﺎﻨ‬ ‫ﻴﺘﺤﺩﺜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﺒﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﺒﺠﻠﻭﺴﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺼﻔﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺘﻘﻁﻊ‬ ‫ﺭﻜﻌﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺭ‬ ‫ﺼﻠﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻴﺠﻠﺴﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺩ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺸ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺸ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻤﺼﻠﻴﻥ‬،‫ﻨﺸ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻭﻨﺤﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﻝﺨﻁﺄ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻭﻜل‬‫ﻜل‬ ‫ﻝﻴﺱ‬ ‫ﻝﻜﻥ‬ ،‫ﻤﺠﺘﻬﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻨﻬﻡ‬ ،‫ﺍﻝﺨﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻴﺭﻴﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﺄﻨﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻙ‬
‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻤﺼﻴﺒ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﺠﺘﻬﺩ‬.)‫ﺍﻝﻤﻤﺘﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺸﺭﺡ‬٤/٥٣(
‫ﻗﻭﻝﻬﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻊ‬ ،‫ﺍﻝﻌﺩﺩ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺠﻭﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻝﺨﻠﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺴﻠﻑ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻝﺠﻤﺎﻫﻴﺭ‬:‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﺘﺤﺏ‬ ‫ﺒﺄﻨﻪ‬
‫ﻋﻴﺎﺽ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻘﺎﻀﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﻭﻝﺫﺍ‬‫ﺭﺤﻤﻪ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬:‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﺯﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺤﺩ‬ ‫ﺫﻝﻙ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻝﻴﺱ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺨﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬‫ﻭﻻ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻌل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺨﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻨﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﻷﺠﺭ‬ ‫ﺯﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺯﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻜﻠﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻁﺎﻋﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻠﻴل‬ ‫ﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻥ‬ ،‫ﻤﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻨﻘﺹ‬
‫ﻝﻨﻔﺴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﺨﺘﺎﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﺎ‬.‫ﺃﻋﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﷲ‬.‫ﺃﻫـ‬
‫ﺍﻝﺒﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬‫ـ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﺤﻤﻪ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺍﻝﺘﻤﻬﻴﺩ‬:‫ﺼﻼ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﺴﻠﻤﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺒﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺨﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﻓﻼ‬‫ﻝﻴﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻠﻴل‬ ‫ﺓ‬
‫ﺍﺴﺘﻜﺜﺭ‬ ‫ﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﺴﺘﻘل‬ ‫ﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻓﻤﻥ‬ ،‫ﺒﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻤل‬ ‫ﺨﻴﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻌل‬ ‫ﻨﺎﻓﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻨﻬﺎ‬ ،‫ﻤﺤﺩﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﺤﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬.‫ﺃﻫـ‬

379. ‫ﺍﻝﺘﺭﺍﻭﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺒﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺨﺎﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺨﻁﺎﺀ‬
١٤
‫ﻴﺄﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻤﺫﻫﺏ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺼﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻴﺩل‬ ‫ﻭﻤﻤﺎ‬:-
١‫ﻗﻭﻝﻪ‬ ‫ـ‬:‫ﺒﻭﺍﺤﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﺄﻭﺘﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺼﺒﺢ‬ ‫ﺨﺸﻴﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﺫﺍ‬ ،‫ﻤﺜﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﻤﺜﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻠﻴل‬ ‫ﺼﻼﺓ‬
)‫ـ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﻀﻲ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺤﺩﻴﺙ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻤﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ‬(
٢‫ﻗﻭﻝﻪ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﺍﻷﺴﻠﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﺎﻝﻙ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﺭﺒﻴﻌﺔ‬:‫ﺍﻝﺴﺠﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻜﺜﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻨﻔﺴﻙ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﱢﻲ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺃﻋ‬) ‫ﻤﺴﻠﻡ‬(
٣‫ﻗﻭﻝﻪ‬ ‫ـ‬:‫ﺨﻁﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻙ‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﻁ‬‫ﻭﺤ‬ ،‫ﺩﺭﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﺒﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺭﻓﻌﻙ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ،‫ﺴﺠﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ‫ﺘﺴﺠﺩ‬ ‫ﻝﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﻨﻙ‬
)‫ﻤﺴﻠﻡ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﻩ‬(
٤‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﺨﺘﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬‫ﻷﻤﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻝﻙ‬ ،‫ﺍﻝﺴﺎﺒﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻝﻸﺩﻝﺔ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻤﺨﺼﺼ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺼﻠﺢ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻌﺩﺩ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻝﻨﻔﺴﻪ‬:-
‫ﺃ‬.‫ﻓﻌﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻷﻥ‬‫ﺍﻷﺼﻭل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻤﻘﺭﺭ‬ ‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﻜﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﻗﻭﻝﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﺨﺼﺹ‬ ‫ﻻ‬.
‫ﺏ‬.‫ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬‫ﺍﻝﻘﻴ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﺏ‬ ‫ﻝﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺩ‬‫ﺩ‬‫ﺤ‬ ‫ﺒل‬ ،‫ﺭﻜﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺇﺤﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻝﻡ‬‫ﻗﻴﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬ ،‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺇﻝﻰ‬ ‫ﺎﻡ‬
‫ـ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺴﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻭﺩ‬:‫ﺍﻝﻠﻴل‬ ‫ﺜﻠﺙ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺴﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﺸﻴﺦ‬ ‫ﻗﺎل‬ ‫ﻭﻝﺫﺍ‬)٢٢/٢٧٢‫ـ‬٢٧٣:(
‫ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﱢﺕ‬‫ﻗ‬‫ﻴﻭ‬ ‫ﻝﻡ‬ ‫ﺭﻤﻀﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﺎﻡ‬‫ﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺒل‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻤﻌﻴﻨ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻋﺩﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬‫ﻏﻴﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ‫ﺭﻤﻀﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﺯﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﻻ‬
‫ﻴﻁﻴل‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻝﻜﻥ‬ ،‫ﺭﻜﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺜﻼﺙ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ﺍﻝﺭﻜﻌﺎﺕ‬...‫ﻅ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﻋﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺭﻤﻀﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ﻋﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﻗﺕ‬ ‫ﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ‬‫ﺃﺨﻁﺄ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺩ‬ ‫ﻤﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻨﻘﺹ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﺯﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻻ‬...‫ﺃﻫـ‬
‫ﺠـ‬.‫ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬‫ـ‬ ‫ﺃﺤﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻴﻘﻭل‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﹸﺭﺽ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﻭﻝﻭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻝﻠﻴل‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻌﺩﺩ‬ ‫ﺒﻬﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻴﺄﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﻝﻡ‬
‫ﻴﺨﺼﺹ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻌﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺼﻭل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﻘﺭﺭ‬ ‫ﻝﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻘﺩﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺩﻝﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻭﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻴﺨﺼﺹ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻜﺫﻝﻙ‬ ‫ﻴﺼﻠﺢ‬ ‫ﻓﻼ‬
‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﺭﺍﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺒﺄﺤﺩ‬‫ﺍﻝﺘﻌﺎﺭﺽ‬.
٥‫ـ‬‫ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻤﻭﺍﻓﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬‫ﺼﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﺩﻤﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺩ‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻜﻴﻔ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻜ‬ ،‫ﻭﺼﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻋﺩﺩ‬ ‫ﻴﻭﺍﻓﻘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﻠﺯﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻨﻪ‬ ،
‫ﺍﻝﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺘﻁﻭﻴل‬‫ﺍﻝﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻵﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻝﻨﺎﻅﺭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻝﺭﻜﻌﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻌﺩﺩ‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻴﺼﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻠﻴل‬ ‫ﺼﻼﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺠﺎﺀﺕ‬
‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻗﻴﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻀل‬‫ﺍﻝﻠﻴل‬‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﻝﻘﻴﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺯﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ل‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﺍﻝﻤﻌ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻴﺠﺩ‬‫ﻤﻭﺍﻓﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻴﺭﻴﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺸﺨﺹ‬‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺴﻨﺔ‬
‫ﻻ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺘﻁﻭﻴل‬ ‫ﻫﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻴﻁﻴﻕ‬‫ﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﻓﻕ‬ ‫ﻝﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺭﻜﻌﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﺩﺩ‬ ‫ﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻨﻤﻨﻌﻪ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﻝﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻴﺼﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﺴﻴﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻝﻠﻴل‬ ‫ﺜﻠﺙ‬ ‫ﺇﺤﻴﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻝﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻋﻭﻥ‬ ،‫ﻭﺭﺍﺀﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﺒﻤﻥ‬!!‫ﺴﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺭﻜﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺇﺤﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﹼﻰ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﺼ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﻴﻜﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻫل‬
‫ﺴﺎﻋﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻗل‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺃﻜﺜﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺭﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﹼﻰ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﺼ‬ ‫ﻤﻤﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻀل‬!!
‫ﻨﻌﻡ‬.‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺨﻼﻑ‬ ‫ﻻ‬‫ﻝﻪ‬ ‫ﺭ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﺘﻴ‬ ‫ﻓﺤﺴﺒﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻻ‬ ،‫ﺍﻷﻓﻀل‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻭ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻤﻌ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻝﻭﻗﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﻌﺩﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻝﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻓﻕ‬ ‫ﻝﻭ‬ ‫ﺃﻨﻪ‬.
٦‫ﺜﺒﺕ‬ ‫ﻗﺩ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻤﺼﻨﻑ‬‫ﺍﻝﺭﺯﺍﻕ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺩ‬‫ﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺒﺴﻨﺩ‬:‫ﺍﻝﺨﻁ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺎﺏ‬‫ﺍﻝﻨ‬ ‫ﺠﻤﻊ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺎﺱ‬
‫ﻭﻋﺸﺭﻴﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﺤﺩﻯ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ،‫ﺍﻝﺩﺍﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﺘﻤﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﻜﻌﺏ‬ ‫ﺒﻥ‬ ‫ُﺒﻲ‬‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺭﻤﻀﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ـ‬‫ﻴﻘﺭﺀﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻜﺎﻨﻭﺍ‬ ،‫ﺭﻜﻌﺔ‬
‫ﺒﺎﻝﻤﺌﻴ‬‫ﺍﻝﻔﺠﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﺭﻭﻉ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻴﻨﺼﺭﻓﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻥ‬)‫ﺍﻝﺴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬:١/٤١٤‫ـ‬٤١٦‫ﺒﺘﺼﺭﻑ‬(