1. UCSP 001
MODULE 1 PT. 2:
SOCIETY &
CULTURE
ALJON I.
CONCILLADO|
TIP-QUEZON CITY
SENIOR HIGH
SCHOOL

2. TOPIC OUTLINE
š SOCIETY
š NATURE OF SOCIETY
š CULTURE
š COMPONENTS
š ELEMENTS OF CULTURE
•Ethnicity
•Age
•SOGIE
•religion/spirituality
•Social class
CULTURAL IDENTITY
•CULTURE SHOCK
•CULTURAL LAG
•ETHNOCENTRISM
•CULTURAL RELATIVISM
CULTURAL ISSUES

3. SOCIETY
š A society is a system of
interrelationships that
connects individuals.
š Latin for the ties that bind
people together.
š societas from socius, and
the French societé which
means companion, chum,
comrade, associate, or
partner.

4. THINK ABOUT IT:
WHAT CAN YOU OBSERVE IN
YOUR SOCIETY?
šCLICK THIS LINK

5. SOCIETY:
MAIN
CHARACTERISTICS
š ORGANIZED
š DYNAMIC
š LIKENESS
š DIFFERENCES
š INTERDEPENDENCE
š COOPERATION
š CONFLICT

6. CULTURE: THE
BASICS
š culture is all that human
beings learn to
š do,
š produce,
š know,
š believe
š as they live out their lives
in the social groups to
which they belong.

7. CULTURE:
THE BASICS
š a blueprint for living in a
particular society
š To sociologists, however,
every human being is
cultured. All human beings
participate in a culture,
whether they are Harvard
educated and upper class
or illiterate and living in a
primitive society. Culture is
crucial to human existence.
š CULTURED VS “UNCULTURED”

8. CULTURE: CHARACTERISTICS
š 1. CAN BE LEARNED
š 2. Can be MATERIAL OR IMMATERIAL
š 3. PATTERNED BEHAVIOR
š 4. CAN BE CREATED
š 5. SHARED

9. CULTURE: TYPES
šMATERIAL CULTURE
š consists of human technology—all the things human beings
make and use, from small, handheld tools to skyscrapers. Even
more important, humans use material culture to modify and
exploit the environment for survival and stability
šNONMATERIAL CULTURE
š which consists of the totality of knowledge, beliefs, values, and
rules for appropriate behavior. The nonmaterial culture is
structured by such institutions as the family, religion, education,
economy, and government.

10. CULTURE:
ELEMENTS
š1. Symbols –
anything that carries a
particular meaning
recognized by people who
share a culture.

11. CULTURE:
ELEMENTS
š2.
Language
– a system of symbols
that allows people to
communicate
š Through language we
can transmit culture.
Wisdom over time is
passed down through
language.

12. CULTURE:
ELEMENTS
š3. Norms
Are standards and
expectations for behaving.

13. NORMS
š are acceptable and appropriate within
a culture.
š are specific to a culture, time period,
and situation.
š divided into two types, formal
norms, and informal norms.
š Formal norms- important standards of
behavior
š mores - – norms that are widely
observed and have great moral
significance. ( e.g. taboos Incest,
rape, murder)
š Laws- officially written set of rules,
ratified by the government
š Informal norms, considered less
important but still influence how we
behave.
š folkways -norms of routine or casual
interaction (ex. Shaking hands,
eating styles, saying excuse me)

14. CULTURE:
ELEMENTS
4. Rituals
š established procedures and
ceremonies that often mark
transitions in the life course.
š reflect and transmit a
culture’s norms and other
elements from one
generation to the next.

15. CULTURE:
ELEMENTS
5. Values
š involve judgments of
what is good or bad and
desirable or undesirable.
A culture’s values shape
its norms.

16. CULTURE:
ELEMENTS
6. Artifacts
š or material objects,
that constitute a
society’s material
culture.

17. WRAPPING
UP
SOCIETY REFERS TO THE
PEOPLE AND THEIR PLACE
CULTURE REFERS TO WHAT
THEY DO AND WHAT THEY
BELIEVE IN
BOTH ARE DYNAMIC, THEY
CHANGE OVERTIME
PEOPLE PILOT SOCIETIES
AND CREATE CULTURES
ALONG THE WAY

18. BREAK
TIME

19. UCSP 001
MODULE 1 (part 3):
CULTURAL ISSUES
ALJON I.
CONCILLADO|
TIP-QUEZON CITY
SENIOR HIGH
SCHOOL

20. CULTURAL
IDENTITY
š Cultural identity is the sense of
belonging towards a culture.
This belonging can be justified
with the shared set of
companionship, principles or
beliefs of living.
š Includes:
š Age
š SOGIE
š Ethnicity
š Nationality
š Religion
š Social Class

21. CULTURAL IDENTITY
š NATIONALITY
Belongingness
to a state/country
š RELIGION
Refers to affiliation to
an official church or
spiritual group
š SOCIAL CLASS
Refers to
economic status

22. CULTURAL IDENTITY
š AGE
š Differences in
age groups
and culture
within a society
š SOGIE
š Refers to sexual
orientation,
Gender Identity
and Expression
š ETHNICITY
š Refers to your
cultural roots
based on
ancestry.

23. CULTURAL
ISSUES
Observe the
following images

24. CULTURAL
ISSUES
Observe
the
following
images

25. CULTURAL
ISSUES
Observe
the
following
images

26. CULTURAL
ISSUES
Observe
the
following
images

27. CULTURAL ISSUES
š Are usual features of any society.
š As people of different cultures encounter each other, issues
inevitably rises.
š These include cultural shock, lag, ethnocentrism and relativism

28. CULTURAL
ISSUES:
SUBCULTURE
šSUB-CULTURE
š is a group of people
within a culture that
differentiates itself
from the
parent culture to
which it belongs, often
maintaining some of its
founding principles. A
smaller cultural group
within a larger culture

29. CULTURAL ISSUES:
COUNTER CULTURE
In contrast to subcultures,
which operate relatively
smoothly within the larger
society, countercultures
might actively defy larger
society by developing their
own set of rules and norms
to live by, sometimes even
creating communities that
operate outside of greater
society.
šCOUNTER-CULTURE
are a type of subculture that
rejects some of the larger
culture’s norms and values.

30. CULTURAL ISSUES:
HIGH CULTURE
People often associate high culture
with intellectualism, aesthetic taste,
political power, and prestige. In North
America, high culture also tends to be
associated with wealth. Events
considered high culture can be
expensive and formal
šHIGH CULTURE
š describe the pattern of cultural
experiences and attitudes that exist in
the “highest” class segments of a
society.

31. CULTURAL ISSUES:
POP CULTURE
popular culture is often
expressed and spread via
commercial media such as
radio, television, movies, the
music industry, publishers, and
corporate-run websites. Unlike
high culture, popular culture is
known and accessible to most
people.
šPOP CULTURE
š refers to the pattern of cultural
experiences and attitudes that
exist in mainstream society.

32. CULTURAL ISSUES:
CULTURAL SHOCK
When individuals travel abroad to
countries with cultures that are
very different from their own, the
experience can be quite
upsetting.
š CULTURE SHOCK
š Sociologists use the term culture shock to
describe the difficulty people have
adjusting to a new culture that differs
markedly from their own.

33. CULTURAL ISSUES:
CULTURAL LAG
š CULTURAL LAG
š a relatively slower advance or
change of one aspect of
a culture especially : the slower
development of nonmaterial as
contrasted with material or
technological culture traits.

34. CULTURAL
ISSUES:
ETHNOCENTRISM
š ETHNOCENTRISM
š term anthropologists use to
describe the opinion that
one’s own way of life is
natural or correct. Some
would simply call it cultural
ignorance.
š Ethnocentrism means that
one may see his/her own
culture as the correct way
of living.

35. CULTURAL ISSUES:
CULTURAL
RELATIVISM
šCULTURAL
RELATIVISM
refers to not judging a culture to
our own standards of what is right
or wrong, strange or normal.
Instead, we should try to
understand cultural practices of
other groups in its own cultural
context.
For example, instead of thinking,
“Fried crickets are disgusting! ”
one should instead ask, “Why do
some cultures eat fried insects?”.
You may learn that fried crickets
or grasshoppers are full of protein
and in Mexico, it is famous
Oaxaca regional cuisine and
have been eaten for thousands of
years as a healthy food source!

36. THAT’S ALL FOR NOW.
THANK YOU!