2. ContentContentContentContent
Introduction
History of Library Automation
Defintion of Library Automation
Library Automation Initiatives in India
Library Circulation System : Traditional Approach
Disadvantages in Traditional Circulation System
Automated Circulation System
Automation support to Circulation
Benefits of Automated Circulation System
Conclusion
References
3. IntroductionIntroductionIntroductionIntroduction
Automation in libraries is a phenomenon of the last 50-60
years. Four contexts within which the process of library
automation should be evaluted, those are -
Pre 1945
1945-60 (Exploring the potential of Computer)
1960-75 (Beginning to bring Computes into Libraries)
1975-90 (Computers are accepted by Libraries)
1990-2008(Computers are integral to Libraries)
Post 2008 (The future for Computers in Libraries)
4. History of Library AutomationHistory of Library AutomationHistory of Library AutomationHistory of Library Automation
Pre 1945:
● Stereotype plates- Chales Coffin Jewett,1852
● Punched cards- Herman Hollerith & Dr. John Shaw Billings,
1980
● Microforms
1945-60
● Library Service Act (Libary Service and Constructions Act).
● Magnetic tapes and Magnetic drums.
● Council on Library and Information Resources, CLIR-Index
Medicus
5. 1960-1975
● Cooperative Library Network
● Machine readable Cataloging (MARC)-Henriette Avram
1975-1990
● Microcomputer (Grosche's law > Moore's law)
● Integrated Library System
● Online Public Access Catalog, OPAC
● CD-ROMs
● Internet and World Wide Web
1990-2008
● Print on demand
● Electronic access to library materials
● Electronic Material publication
● Library Management Softwares (CDS/ISIS,SLIM,SOUL,Koha etc)
7. Library AutomationLibrary AutomationLibrary AutomationLibrary Automation
According to NYCRR, Library Automation means, “ the
application of computer and telecommunications technology to
bibliographic control, database access, resource sharing and
other electronic communication or transmission for the purpose
of improving and enhancing services to library users.”
In simple words, library automation is nothing but application of
machines viz. computers to the routine library housekeeping
operations such as acquisition, serial control, cataloguing and
circulation.
8. Library Automation RelatedLibrary Automation Related
Initiatives in IndiaInitiatives in India
Library Automation RelatedLibrary Automation Related
Initiatives in IndiaInitiatives in India
The institutions those have taken the initiative in
establishing Library Automation in India, are as followed-
● The Indian Statistical Institution, 1955
● INSDOC
- Indian Science Abstract, 1965
- Roster of Indian Scientific and Technical Translators,
1967
- NISSATproject, Chemical Abstract, 1978
- INSPEC data-base, CAN/SDI software
- Library Networks such as CALIBNET, DELNET,
INFLIBNET etc.
● DRTC, INSDOC, DESIDOC, NISSAT etc started various
regular, sponsored and adhoc courses.
9. Library Circulation System:Library Circulation System:
Traditional ApproachTraditional Approach
Library Circulation System:Library Circulation System:
Traditional ApproachTraditional Approach
Circulation, by definition, “encompasses all aspects of patron loan
processing and management, including closed reserves, holds,
material booking and in-library use of the collection.”
The components of circulation systems normally include:
A file of registered borrowers,
Record of all loan transactions,
System of charging and discharging, and
Renewal mechanism for extending due dates for return of
books, and reservation of books already on loan.
(Traditionally, all these activities were performed manually)
10. Changes held in the Library Circulation System:
Register systems
- Day book system.
- Ledger system.
- Dummy System.
- Temporary Slip System.
Card systems
- Browne System (19th century, Nina E. Browne)
- Newark System (Newark Public Library)
Semi-mechanical systems
- Punched Cards.
- Photocharge System.
Automated systems
13. DisadvantagesDisadvantages in Traditionalin Traditional
Circulation SystemCirculation System
● Trained manpower required.
● Labour intensive, so expensive.
● Space requirement.
● High possibility of mistakes and misreplacements.
● Lose of library material
● Inability to provide instant status of holdings.
● Hectic and dull in nature.
● Unnecessity movements of trays.
● Paper waste.
● Time consuming.
14. Automated Circulation
System
Automated Circulation
System
Automated circulation system means,“the application of computer and
tele-communications technology to control the circulation of library
materials, which may be integrated with other functions in an automated
system”.
Basic Functions of Automated Circulation Control
● Charge/Issues
● Discharge/Return
● Renewal
● Holdings/Reservation
● Recall
● Overdue
● Fines/Overdue Charges
● Reports
18. ConclusionConclusionConclusionConclusion
● The revolution that has resulted in the “information economy”
will continue, and the facts are that information products and
services have become a world-wide phenomenon.
Information has become easily accessible due to
phenomenal development in information technology.
There is clear evidence of a shift from printed on-demand
publication to online(e) publication.
As a result, role of libraries has completely changed.
Use of circulation desks is gradually decreasing when
everything is accessible from any place at one click of a
mouse.
There is every expectation that the library will continue not
only to exist but to thrive and to play its historic leadership
role in the coming decades.