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Gross anatomy of skull and facial bones
- 1. Gross Anatomy of Skull and Facial Bones Objective 1.
- 2. The Cranium and Its Subdivisions • Two subdivisions of the Cranium: • Neurocranium – Skeleton of the Brain Capsule • 8 bones – Frontal, 2 Parietal, 2 Temporal, Occipital, Sphenoid, Ethmoid • Splanchnocranium/Viscerocranium – Facial skeleton • Maxillae, Palatine, Zygomatic, Nasal, Lacrimal, Inferior Nasal Conchae, Vomer, Mandible, Hyoid
- 3. Neurocranium • Calvaria – roof, flat dermal bones developed by Intramembranous Ossification • Enveloped by periosteum • Layers of bone beneath periosteum: • Outer compact – strong • Trabecular/Spongy – contains diploic veins • Inner Compact - fragile • Base of Neurocranium – lower part of skull formed by irregular bones, developed via Endochondral ossification
- 5. Lateral View
- 10. Topographic Regions of the Skull • Intracranial Regions • Anterior Cranial Fossa • Middle Cranial Fossa • Posterior Cranial Fossa • Cavities of the Facial Skeleton • 2 Orbital Cavities • Nasal Cavity • Oral Cavity
- 13. Facial Skeleton
- 14. Joints Between Cranial Bones Synarthroses Synostoses Diarthroses Sutures – coronal, sagittal, lamboid, temporoparietal Osseous (occur during ossification of sutures between parts of cranial bones Temporomandibular Joint (only synovial joint of the cranium) Gomphoses – between teeth and gums Cartilaginous – chondrocranium. Temporary and permanent (nasoseptal) Membranes and Ligaments Ex. Frontallles Membrane, stylomandibular, stylohyoid ligaments
- 15. Movements of the Mandible