3. 1. กริยาวิเศษณ์ (Adverb) หรือสานวน
ทีมีความหมายในเชิงของการปฏิเสธ
Adverb (ทีมีความหมายเชิงปฏิเสธ)
never hardly rarely
scarcely seldom not + Obj.
barely nowhere
only
4. Adverb (ทีมีความหมายเชิงปฏิเสธ) + Helping V. + Sub. + V. แท้
Ex. - Never does he forget her.
- Nowhere can you go without them.
- Not a single word did he say.
- Scarcely had I arrived home when there
was a knock on the door.
- Hardly had I got into bed, when there was
a knock at the door.
= He never forgets her.
5. สานวน (ทีมีความหมายเชิงปฏิเสธ)
At no time
No longer
Not until On no account
Not only Under no circumstances
No sooner…than Only after/ by
6. สานวน (ทีมีความหมายเชิงปฏิเสธ) + Helping V. + Sub. + V. แท้
Ex. -No sooner had I reached the door than I realized
it was locked.
- Not until September will John come to my house.
- At no time did I say I would accept late work.
7. Reformulate the following sentences using inversion.
Ex. 0. I had never gone to this park.
Ans. = Never had I gone to this park.
1. I had hardly begun to apologize when the door closed.
Ans. Hardly had I begun to apologize when the door closed.
______________________________________________________
2. I have seldom heard such a talented singer.
Ans. Seldom have I heard such a talented singer.
______________________________________________________
3. If John had known that she liked curry, he would have brought her
to an Indian restaurant.
Ans. Had John known that she liked curry, he would have
brought her to an Indian restaurant
____________________________________________________
8. 4. The artist rarely paid any attention to his agent's advice.
Ans.
Rarely did the artist pay any attention to his agent’s advice.
______________________________________________________
5. He had never felt so depressed.
Ans. Never had he felt so depressed.
______________________________________________________
6. The shop can in no way be held responsible for customers'
lost property.
Ans.
In no way can the shop be held responsible for customer’s
lost property.
______________________________________________________
7. The couple had no sooner arrived than the priest started
the ceremony.
Ans. No sooner had the couple arrived than the priest started
the ceremony.
______________________________________________________
9. 8. Tom only understood the meaning of the comment when he
saw his wife's face.
Ans. Only did Tom understand the meaning of the comment
when he saw his wife’s face.
____________________________________________________
9. She never at any time said that she was allergic to cats.
Ans. Never at any time did she say that she was allergic to cats.
____________________________________________________
10. The restaurant cannot accept animals under any
circumstances.
Ans. Under no circumstances can the restaurant accept
animals.
____________________________________________________
10. 11. I have never before been asked to accept a bribe.
Ans. - Never before have I been asked to accept a bribe.
___________________________________________________
12. He had hardly left the house when the storm broke.
Ans. Hardly had he left the house when the storm broke.
___________________________________________________
11. 2. กรณีทในประโยคมีคาเหล่ านีวางอยู่ข้างหน้ า เราก็จะใช้ ประโยค
ี ้
ให้ อยู่ในรูปของการ Inversion อีกเหมือนกัน
few such
little so
ต้ องไม่ มีคานาม (Noun) ตามหลัง
Ex. -Little does she know about the present he gave her.
-Such was the thing he gave us yesterday
Few injuries are running for life.
ทา inversion ไม่ได้ เพราะมี Noun ตามหลัง
12. in Preposition บางตัว here
up down
until
Ex. - In walked a woman with a gift in her hand.
- Here is the paper you asked for.
13. บุพบทวลี (Prepositional Phrase)
(Intransitive verb) ก็ใช้ การสลับประธานและกริยาได้
Ex. -In the doorway appeared two strangers.
Verb ทีมีกรรมต่ อท้ ายแล้ วนันจะสลับไม่ ได้
้
Ex. In the kitchen, he ate an apple.
14. 3. กรณีถ้าเป็ นประโยคแบบ Passive voice (ถูกกระทา)
แล้ วมีการใช้ V.3 ขึนต้ นประโยคก็จะใช้ ประโยค เป็ นแบบ
้
Inversion
Example: He was bitten by the dog.
=-> Bitten by the dog was he.
This building has been built in 1987 by the protesters.
=-> Built by the protester in 1987 has been this building.
15. 4. กรณีในเรื่อง If-Clause เฉพาะทีมีการใช้ พวก
should, were, had มาแทน
Example:
If I were a bird, I would fly as high as I can.
-> Were I a bird, I would fly as high as I can.
If I had taken the subway, I would have arrived on time.
-> Had I taken the subway, I would have arrived on time.
16. 5. พวกประโยคคาถาม ก็ถือเป็ นการ Inversion
Ex. - Is he a doctor?
- Did she dance last night?
6. การกล่ าวเสริมหรื อแสดงความเห็นด้ วยกับข้ อความข้ างหน้ า
Ex. -I can sing a song. So can she.
-He can’t bear this situation. Nor can I.
17. Choose the right answer
1. In no circumstances ______________________!
a. I would accept this
b. would I accept this
c. would I accepted this
2. Nowhere else ______________________.
a. you will find such nice people
b. won't you find such nice people
c. will you find such nice people
18. 3. Only in the USA ______________________.
a. have I seen such high buildings
b. I have seen such high buildings
c. have I saw such high buildings
4. Never in the field of human conflict _____________.
a. has so much been owed by so many to so few
b. so much has be owed by so many to so few
c. has so much be owed by so many to so few
19. 5. Not only ______________________.
a. he is handsome but is he also rich
b. is he handsome but is he also rich
c. is he handsome but he is also rich
6. No sooner ______________________.
a. had I thrown him out that he tried to come in again
b. had I throw him out than he tried to come in again
c. had I thrown him out than he tried to come in again
7. Rarely ______________________.
a. will you see him in a pub
b. would you saw him in a pub
c. have you see him in a pub
20. 8. Only with the help of everybody _________________.
a. we can hope to find her
b. could we hoped to find her
c. can we hope to find her
9. Never in my life ______________________!
a. will I talk her again
b. will I talk to her again
c. will I talked to her again
10. On no account ______________________!
a. must repeat you this
b. do you must repeat this
c. must you repeat this
21. Choose the right answer.
1. Rarely (has I seen/have I seen/have I see) such
beautiful landscapes!
2. My grandmother and grandfather were short of
money, as (was/been/were) most people in
our country.
3. No sooner (had I went/had I gone/had I go) to
the cinema than I realized I had forgotten to take
the ticket with me.
22. 4. Never (have I hear/has I heard/have I heard) such
a stupid decision!
5. Little (did I know/did I known/did know me) that
Marlon would arrive.
6. (Had I know/Have I known/Had I known) geometry
better, I wouldn't have failed the exam.
7. Only by patience and hard work (will you learnt/
will you learn/will you learning) English.
23. 8. (Had you ask/Had you asked/Has you asked) me
earlier, I would have helped you with your
English grammar.
9. (Be/Were/Is) she rich, she would buy a big house
in New York.
10. (Should she phoned/Should she phone/
Do she phone) me, I will invite her to my party.
