Skin darkening, also known as hyperpigmentation, is relatively a harmless skin illness, though it can make those who have it self-conscious about their overall look. Hyperpigmentation impacts both males and females. The most common cause of skin darkening is hormonal changes.

2. Dark skin is not something that people
crave for, unless they are one of those who
love to get a tanned look. While for
some, dark skin color is a natural
occurrence, the darkening might also be a
result of hyper-pigmentation. The primary
reason for dark skin is the presence of
excess melanin. This melanin is also the
reason for the blemished and patchy look of
the skin. Apart from this, there are several
other reasons for dark skin.

3. Causes Of Dark Skin :
• Hereditary factors
• Hyper-pigmentation
• Skin disorder
• Sun tan
• Adrenal disorder
• Liver disorder
• Intestinal disorder
• Malnutrition
• Sun sensitivity
• Vitamin deficiency

4. Darkening of the skin can also result from a hormonal change, a genetic disorder, or a
combination of sun exposure and allergic reaction.
Genetic causes of darkened skin:
• Neurofibromatosis, which are light or dark brown patches of skin present from birth.
• Xeroderma pigmentosum, a genetic disorder of DNA repair
Hormonal causes of darkened skin:
• Addison’s disease (deceased production of hormones by the adrenal glands
• Oral contraceptives
• Hyperthyroidism
• Pregnancy
Environmental causes of darkened skin:
• Sunlight
• Toxic chemicals

5. Symptoms of darkened skin depend on the
underlying disease or condition. Some common
symptoms include:
• Burning feeling ( when skin is exposed to
chemical reactions)
• Itching on the skin
• Redness of the skin
• Swelling
• Skin Peeling

6. Conclusion :
Occasionally, dark skin is an indication of
more serious disease that cannot be
treated cosmetically. Some changes in
complexion, like the changing color or
shape of a mole, may indicate skin cancer.
Still other dark patches on skin, especially
those that are butterfly-shaped dark, may
be a proof of lupus. Therefore, it is better
that you concern a doctor if you observe
any symptoms of dark skin.