Biofertilizers are organisms like bacteria, fungi, and cyanobacteria that enrich soil nutrients through symbiotic relationships with plants. There are different types of biofertilizers like Rhizobium, Azotobacter, Azospirillum, and Cyanobacteria that fix atmospheric nitrogen or solubilize phosphorus in soil to benefit plant growth. Biofertilizers can be applied through seed treatment, soil treatment, or seedling root dip and help increase crop yields while providing nutrients in an environmentally friendly way unlike chemical fertilizers.

2. • Biofertilizers are organisms
that enrich the nutrient
quality of soil. The main
sources of biofertilizers are
bacteria, fungi, and
cynobacteria (blue-green
algae). The most striking
relationship that these have
with plants is symbiosis, in
which the partners derive
benefits from each other.

3. Different types of Biofertilizers
 Rhizobium
 Azotobacter
 Azospirillum
 Cyanobacteria
 Azolla
 Phosphate solubilizing
microorganisms(PSM)
 AM fungi

4.  Seedling root dip : This method is applied to the rice crop. A
bed of water is spread on the land where the crop has to
grow.
 Seed treatment : In this method, the nitrogen and phosphorus
fertilizers are mixed together in the water. Then seeds are
dipped in this mixture.
 Soil treatment : All the biofertilizers along with the compost
fertilizers are mixed together.

5. :
• They help to get high yield of
crops by making the soil rich
with nutrients and useful
microorganisms necessary for
the growth of the plants.
• Biofertilizers have replaced
the chemical fertilizers as
chemical fertilizers are not
beneficial for the plants. They
decrease the growth of the
plants and make the
environment polluted by
releasing harmful chemicals.