PPT on Robotics in Manufacturing Lab

1. Industrial Robots, types
and applications
Dr. Mandeep Dhanda, PIED, PEC Chandigarh

2. Industrial Robots
Understanding Industrial Robots
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Play the video (Click the below hyperlink)

3. What is a robot?
Robot comes from the Czech word robota,
meaning drudgery or slave-like labor.
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US Patent General Motor plant, 1961
G. Devol and J. Engelberger (Unimation)
The first industrial robot

4. ROBOT
 Defined by Robotics Industry Association
(RIA) as
 a re-programmable, multifunctional manipulator
designed to move material, parts, tools or
specialized devices through variable programmed
motion for a variety of tasks
 possess certain anthropomorphic
characteristics
 mechanical arm
 sensors to respond to input
 Intelligence to make decisions
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 more “visionary” definition: intelligent
connection between perception and action

5. Why Use Robots?
 Most robots are designed to be a helping hand.
They help people with tasks that would be difficult,
dirty, dangerous, or dull for a human
 Can carry very heavy loads
 Do not get bored doing the same job over and
over again, 24 hours a day.
 Have been proven to increase productivity. 5

6. Robot Configurations
Some of the commonly used configurations in Robotics are
 Cartesian/Rectangular Gantry(3P) : These Robots are made of 3
Linear joints that orient the end effector, which are usually followed
by additional revolute joints.
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7. Robot Configurations (cont’d)
 Cylindrical (R2P): Cylindrical coordinate Robots have 2 prismatic
joints and one revolute joint.
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8. Robot Configurations (cont’d)
 Spherical joint (2RP): They follow a spherical coordinate system,
which has one
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9. Robot Configurations (cont’d)
 Articulated/anthropomorphic(3R) :An articulated robot’s joints are
all revolute, similar to a human’s arm.
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10. Robot Configurations (cont’d)
 Selective Compliance Assembly Robot Arm (SCARA) (2R1P):
They have two revolute joints that are parallel and allow the Robot
to move in a horizontal plane, plus an additional prismatic joint that
moves vertically
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11. Robot Configurations
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12. Work Envelope Concept
 Depending on the configuration and size of the
links and wrist joints, robots can reach a
collection of points called a Workspace.
 Alternately Workspace may be found
empirically, by moving each joint through its
range of motions and combining all space it can
reach and subtracting what space it cannot
reach
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13. Pure Spherical Jointed Arm - Work envelope
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14. WRIST MOTIONS
 typically has 3 degrees of freedom
 Roll involves rotating the wrist about the arm
axis
 Pitch up-down rotation of the wrist
 Yaw left-right rotation of the wrist
 End effector is mounted on the wrist
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15. Industrial Robot Application
10 Popular Industrial Robot Applications
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Play the video (Click the below hyperlink)

16. What are the 7 broad areas often
Using Robots?
1. Dangerous environment
2. Industrial
3. Entertainment and Leisure
4. Space
5. Research
6. Underwater
7. Medical
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Application

17. Dangerous Environments
 Carrying out bomb
disposal
 Collecting data from
volcanoes
 Exploring
 Military
 Rescue
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18. Dangerous Environments
Predator flown via remote control by airmen
on the ground flies up to 25,000 feet.
Used to conduct reconnaissance and attack
operations; takes real-time photos of troop
movements on ground.
Soldier Rescue
Air Force Predator
(Aerial Vehicle)
Designed for Firefighter Rescue
 Uses its arms to identify and pick up people who
might have passed out from smoke and fumes.
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19. Industrial Robots
 A typical industrial robot is a robot
arm with several independent joints
and you will see them welding,
painting and handling heavy
materials..
 ‘Pick and place’ robots can move
products from a conveyor belt to
package them at very quick speeds.
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20. Industrial Robots
 An AGV is a mobile robot
that follows markers or
wires in the floor, or uses
vision or lasers.
An example of a mobile robot that is in common use
today is the automated guided vehicle (AGV)
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21. Industrial Robots
Robots are very useful
in food processing since
it needs to be done in a
germ-free environment.
Robotic Paint
Sprayer
Used for stacking
products on pallets
for shipping and
storage.
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22. Entertainment & Leisure Robots
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23. Space Robots
 NASA is constantly
developing and producing
robots which can perform
maintenance in space –
especially on its International
Space Station.
 2003 Rover landing
on Mars
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24. Space Robots
 R2 is able to use the
same tools station crew
members use.
 In the future, the greatest
benefits of humanoid
robots in space may be
as assistants or stand-in
for astronauts during
spacewalks or for tasks
too difficult or dangerous
for humans.
Humanoid robot joined crew of International Space Station
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25. Research Robots
 One important area of robotics
research is to enable the robot to cope
with its environment
 Honda is the company that is spending
a great deal of money developing
research robots, such as the Asimo
show on left.
 ASIMO moves like we do and could be
useful to help the elderly or people in
wheelchairs. It can answer the door,
pick up the phone or get a cup of tea.
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26. Underwater Robots
 Underwater robots are often
remote controlled vehicles
with thrusters for
maneuvering and robot
arms for grabbing.
 They are particularly useful
in the oil industry for welding
and valve maintenance on
oilrigs.
 Robotuna used for
exploration
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27. Medical Robots
 In laboratories,
used too transport
biological or
chemical samples
between
instruments.
 Used in minimal invasive
surgical procedures that reduce
trauma in surgery
 Prosthetics.
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28. Future Medical Robots
Scientists believe that tiny robots (called “nanorobots”)
will be developed which will be used in patients’
bloodstreams to cure illness.
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29. Methods To Move
Other than by tracks & wheels
Flying Robots
 Swimming Robots
Walking Robots Climbing Robots
Adhesive
bond
Electrostatic bond
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30. Industrial & service robots
 Industrial robots
• automatically controlled, programmable, multipurpose, 3+ axes
• for use in industrial automation applications
• equipped with application-specific end-effectors
 Service robots
• perform tasks excluding industrial automation
• usually application-specific design, often fewer than 3 axes
• sometimes not fully autonomous but remote-controlled
different customers, pricing, machinery, distribution channels, suppliers …
… but separation line is
blurring: same unit can
act as both, depending
on the application
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31. Industrial applications
 • manipulation (pick-and-place, handling, machine feeding)
 • assembly and packaging
 • spray painting and coating (nozzles)
 • arc welding or spot welding (with pneumatic or servo-controlled guns)
 • laser cutting and welding
 • gluing and sealing
 • mechanical machining operations (milling, drilling, deburring, grinding, …)
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A day in the life of an industrial robot (Video)
BMW Car Factory ROBOTS - Fast Manufacturing
spray painting
Play the video (Click the below hyperlink)

32. What’s next in industrial robotics?
“connected” future of robotics
self-optimizing production self-programming robots
 robots doing the same task connect
across all global locations so
performance can be easily compared and
improved
 robots automatically download what
they need to get started from a cloud
library and then optimize through “self-
learning”
connected and collaborative robots will enable SMART Manufacturing
for both SMEs & Global Enterprises
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33. One possible example –future robotics
FRANKA EMIKA R:EVOLUTION
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Meet Sophia: The first robot declared a citizen by Saudi Arabia
Play the video (Click the below hyperlink)

34. Thank you for attention this
semester!
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Buy! See you
at the exam!

35. References
 Industrial Robotics: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DkNVhtOCcrE&feature=endscreen&NR=1
 M-10iA Cream Cheese Packing Robots - FANUC Robotics Industrial Automation:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vrxaz0_X3Qs
 M-10iA Haas Machine Tool Loading Robot - FANUC Robotics Industrial Automation:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TMeh4AQx6_A
 ABB Robotics - 10 most popular applications for robots: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fH4VwTgfyrQ
 ABB Robotics - Cake decorating: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=57F032tEbE4
Literature:
1. CHAPTER 10: ROBOTICS AND MANUFACTURING AUTOMATION, available on
http://www.pptnetwork.net/lecture-notes-in-manufacturing-automation
2. http://www.seminarpaper.com/2011/12/robotics-and-its-applications.html
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 World Strongest Robot - KUKA KR1000 Titan: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ge-UyZG4kjY
 KUKA Robot- Foundry Application at Automotive Plant:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K5r0POxRcBI&feature=endscreen&NR=1
 UNIMATION Robot - Puma 500: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=04-j_wsuuSM
 SCARA robot demonstration: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kXXCk_LP8lg
 High Speed Pancake stacking with Flexpicker Robots:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v9oeOYMRvuQ&feature=endscreen&NR=1
 and a lot of more on www.youtube.com