Thank you for the information. I will keep your organization in mind and wish you the best in achieving your important vision of improving healthcare access in India.

2. Mrs. X is an RN who has been employed in your hospital
for ten years. She is a middle aged woman supporting a
large family and it is common knowledge that she
moonlights at a nursing home on her days off. Her work is
generally of high quality; but in reviewing her past
performance appraisals you notice that in the last four
years at each evaluation she has been rated unsatisfactory
for being on duty promptly; as well as for not attending
staff development programs. Since you are the new unit
manager, you would like to be able to improve Ms. Lee’s
performance in these two areas.
Discuss this with your partner, Mrs. X

3. PERFORMANCE –
2 Elements
 MOTIVATION
 ABILITY

4. the ability to get individuals to do
what you want them to do, when
and how you want it done
MOTIVATION

5. FIND THE RIGHT REWARDS
IN ORDER TO MOTIVATE
OTHERS!
Personal
Economic
Creative

6. MOTIVATION
 Understanding how others work.
 Some internal or external force to
move human beings to continuous
high levels of productivity.
 Have an effect on outcomes such
as performance, turnover, and
absenteeism

7. COMPREHENSIVE
APPRAISAL SYSTEM
Determine ability required
Match ability of job and employee
Improve employee’s abilities
(staff development)
Enhance employee’s motivation (reward
system)

8. A simplified model of job
performance
MOTIVATION
• Benefits
• Job design
• Leadership style
• Recruitment and
selection
• Employee
goals/needs/
abilities
ABILITY
• Responsibilities
• Education –
Basic/
advanced
• CNE
• Skills/abilities
EMPLOYEE
PERFORMANCE
•Daily performance
•Attendance
•Punctuality
•Adherence to
Policies/procedures
•Absence of incidents/
errors/accidents
•Honesty
•Trustworthiness

9. PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL
Systematic, standardized evaluation
of an employee by the supervisor,
aimed at judging the value of the
employee’s work contribution,
quality of work, and potential for
advancement

10. PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL
Definition
• The process of interaction, written
documentation, formal interview and follow
up that occurs between managers and their
employees in order to give feedback, make
decisions and cover fair employment
practice law
- Eleanor J Sullivan

11. PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL
Definition
• Is a periodic formal evaluation of how
well the nurse has performed her duties
during a specified period
- Ann Mariner

12. GOAL OF PERFORMANCE
APPRAISAL?
 To improve performance
 Letting employee “know where they
stand”
 Giving performance feedback - strongest
nonfinancial reward!

13. Purposes
 Determine job competence
 Enhance staff development
 Discover employee’s aspirations
 Recognize accomplishments
 Improve communications
 Aid in manager’s coaching and counseling
 Determine training and developmental needs
 Make inventories of talents
 Select for advancement of salary
 Identify unsatisfactory employees

14. Is your appraisal system
nondiscriminatory?
Be in writing and carried out at least once in a year
Share with employee
Opportunity to respond in writing
Appeal the results
Opportunity for observation
Maintenance of Anecdotal reports/critical incidents
Training of evaluators
Focus on employee behavior and results rather on
personal traits or characteristics

15. Evaluation Philosophy
 ABSOLUTE JUDGEMENT:
Based on reasonable and acceptable
standards set by the organization
 COMPARATIVE JUDGEMENT:
Employees are compared with each other

16. Errors in evaluation
▲ Halo error
▲ Horns error
▲ Contrast error
▲ Leniency error
▲ Recency error

17. Guidelines for Performance Criteria
Realistic
Measurable and verifiable
Practical
Relevant
Non Discriminating
Stable
Time bound
Written

18. PERFORMANCE
APPRAISAL PROCESS
Step 1
Assess institutional and personal
needs and set goals
Step 2
Establish objectives and time frame
Step 3
Assess progress
Step 4
Evaluate progress

19. Performance Appraisal
Mechanisms
• Personal
• Peer
• Managerial evaluation
– Evaluative
• Making decisions/rewards (past performance)
– Judgmental or developmental
• Role as counselor, areas of improvement
• Identifying resources available

20. FORMAL AND INFORMAL
PROCESS
• Informal - day-to-day
– Coaching - approach to developing people
– Ongoing, face-to-face collaboration
• Formal
– Written documentation
– Formal appraisal interview with follow-up
• Work is measured against some standard for the
purposes of determining the level of quality of
job performance

21. PERFORMANCE
MEASUREMENT TOOLS
Anecdotal Notes
Checklists
Rating Scale
Numerical
Graphic
Descriptive
Frequency rating scale

22. PERFORMANCE
MEASUREMENT TOOLS
 Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scales
(BARS)/
 Behavioral expectation scales (BES)
 Behavioral Observation scales (BOS)
 Ranking
- Paired comparison : N(N-1)/2
 Management by objectives

23. Management by Objectives
 Review the mission and group objectives
 List major job responsibilities
 Determine expected levels of
accomplishment
 Meet manager to establish priorities
 Develop plans for the accomplishment of the
objectives
 Annual review – comparison of actual results
with expected levels of accomplishment

24. Advantages of MBO - staff
 Works on participative management
 Based on characteristics of a specific person and
job
 Control and emphasis over future
 Awareness of the standards of judgment, goals,
priorities and deadlines
 Understanding about progress
 Stimulates higher individual performance / morale

25. Advantages of MBO - manager
Reservoir of personnel data and performance
information
Basis for promotion/ compensation
Relationship with staff as coach
Directs work activities towards organization
goals
Facilitates planning
Objective appraisal criteria
Reduces role conflict

26. Limitations of MBO
Difficult of implement
Needs teaching and reinforcement
Manager responsible for assessing results and not activities
directed towards results
Some nurses do not want to be involved in setting goals
Only lip service
Stresses on results but not on methods to achieve them
Frustration when higher goals are set
Neglects qualitative factors
No comparative data for promotion/ salary increase

27. Key concept:
Clients, peers and superiors are
always evaluating a nurse’s
performance!

28. Who is a peer?
• A peer is a person of the same
profession, grade or setting.

29. Peer review
• A process whereby a group of practicing
registered nurses evaluate the quality of
another RN’s professional performance
Ann Mariner
• A process by which other employees assess
and judge the performance of professional
peers against predetermined standards
- Eleanor J Sullivan

30. • An organised effort where people critically
appraise, systematically assess, monitor, make
judgements, determine their strengths and
weakness and review the quality of their
practice, to provide evidence to use as the
basis of recommendations by obtaining the
opinion of their peers.
• Offers staff an opportunity to both give and
receive support, and to network across the
site involved.

31. Peer evaluation process
Review of employee’s self evaluation form
Reference letters, committee work, special projects,
additional education, contributions to nursing
Performance evaluation by manager
Review of past performance, care plans and charting
Assessments, observation of the nurse
Interviews with her patients
Summary of findings
Presentation of findings and recommendations to the
nurse

32. Advantages & Limitations
Advantages:
 Accountability and responsibility for
nursing performance.
Limitations:
 Threatening and time consuming
 Risk of rating candidates too high or too
low

33. Appraisal interview
Tell and sell
Tell and listen
Problem solving
Goal setting

34. Appraisal interview style
• Purposes of evaluation
• Manager’s philosophy of management
• Institutional guidelines

35. Key behaviors for an
appraisal interview
Put the employee at ease
Atmosphere creation
Clearly state the purpose of the interview
Go through the ratings one by one with the employee
Draw out the employee’s reactions to the ratings
Decide on specific ways in which performance areas
can be strengthened
Set a follow up date
Express confidence in the employee.

36. PERFORMANCE
APPRAISAL OUTCOMES
improve performance
improve communication
reinforce positive behavior
method to communicate/correct
provide basis for regards/basis for
motivation
provide basis for termination if necessary
identify learning needs and develop
personnel

37. This platform has been started by Parveen Kumar
Chadha with the vision that nobody should suffer
the way he has suffered because of lack and
improper healthcare facilities in India. We need
lots of funds manpower etc. to make this vision a
reality please contact us. Join us as a member for
a noble cause. we nursing and attendants staff
please contact us.

38. Contact us:- 011-25464531, 9818569476
E-mail:- nursingnursing@yahoo.in