Design of
lighting systems
animal experiments
Case for chronobiological
experiments for rodents and
non-human primates
Petteri Teikari, PhD
Singapore Eye Research Institute (SERI)
Visual Neurosciences group
http://petteri-teikari.com/
Version “Thu 16 August 2018“

Environment Housedanimalsorcellcultures
http://doi.org/10.1186/s13036-017-0079-y https://www.bioseb.com/bioseb/anglais/default/item_id=90
0_cat_id=1_Activmeter.php
Developmentoftheacoustically
evokedbehavioralresponsein
zebrafshtopuretones
DavidG.Zeddies, RichardR.Fay
JournalofExperimental
Biology 2005 208: 1363-1372;
doi: 10.1242/jeb.01534 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-02001-x

Specifcations RoughSetupDesign
Inexpensive lighting systems that still alllows the research to program the light intensity and light spectrum,
with many of-the-shelf options for light beam shaping (e.g. collimating optics and difusers)
LEDs Secondary
Optics
FiltersLED
Driver
DifuserSoftware
Framework
OpenLighting
Architecture
Enttec DMXUSB Promk2
https://www.enttec.com
ISTLiDrive®QuattroCCL
ConstantcurrentDALI &
DMX/RDM LED driver
4highresolution16-bitchannels
Yuji VTC COB
13.5x 13.5mm
VioletLEDpumpedwhite
lightgivesbroaderfull-
spectrum “daylight”-like
spectrumlikeSORAA,Nichia
Optisolisor Seoul SunLike
Zhaga standard giveyou
plentyof manufacturers
(e.g. LEDIL)with solder-
freeLED, optics,
heatsink manufacturing
LEE Filters for
inexpensivegel flters
‘Scientifccinterference
fltersfromEdmund,
Thorlabs,Newport, etc.
Qualityholographic
diffusersfromLuminit
Inexpensive
photographic diffusers
from LEE Filters

Detailedbackground
Onsystemblocks

SoftwareFramework OLA&DMX

OLA&DMX withRaspberryPi
Thistutorialdescribeshowtoget OLA
runningonthe RaspberryPi.The
proceduredescribedhereisdesigned
togetOLAupandrunning asfastas
possible.Ifyoudoncttrusttheimages
below,or wanttobuildeverything from
scratch,youcaninstallanimagefrom
the RaspberryPiSite andusethe
genericinstructionsfor Installing OLA
onLinux.
Thereisplentyofinformationatthe
RaspberryPiWiki.The
RaspberryPiForum isagoodplaceto
ask forhelponRaspberryPispecifc
issues.
https://www.openlighting.org/ola/tutorials/ola-on-guruplug/

DALIorPWM fromArduinookayish
Tridonic DALI USB
http://www.tridonic.com/com/en/produ
cts/2622.asp
Interface module from USB to a DALI
system. For connecting Tridonic
software tools Addressing,
programming and parametrising DALI
installations and Tridonic devices.
Power supply via DALI line and USB
interface
he DALI-2standard,thelatestversionoftheIEC
62386standardfor DALItechnology,is
administeredbytheDigitalIlluminationInterface
Alliance(DiiA)
Helvarisproudtoannouncethatourfltered
hybriddimmingDALILEDdriver LL1x80-CR-DA
isthefrst DALI-2certifedproduct intheworld.
https://www.helvar.com/en/news/frst-dali2-driv
er-in-the-world/
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneumeth.2012.09.012

LEDs
How manychannels, setbyyourLEDdriver
You wanttohave RGBW(4-channelsystem) or
tunable white(e.g. 2-channelmixtureof 2700Kand
6500K‘whitelightc)

Custom Light
Channels
needed
Atleastthese
forhuman
photoreceptionstudies
Foragoodresearchtool(atleastthe“Pro”version)couldcontainone
sensorpereachphotoreceptor:
● Rod sensitivity Vc(λ)
●
S-cone sensitivity “blue cones”
●
M-conesensitivity “green cones”
●
L-conesensitivity “red cones”
●
“Melanopic” sensitivity “blue cones”
=5channels
● Photopic sensitivity V(λ) is a linear
combination of M and L cone
sensitivities
●
Mesopic can be computed
from Vc(λ) and V(λ), but it is a
nonlinear function depending on
the intensity
CORNEAL
RETINAL

Custom Light
Channels
needed
Mightaswell
these
Atleast as an
option
Formoreexoticsensitivities,youcouldleaveopen hardwaredesignso
thatphotopigmentintermediatescouldbeadded
●
MetarhodopsinII (~380nm) that could play rolewith BlueLight Hazard
(Grimm et al. 2000, 2001), and in photoreversal (Hubbardand Kropf1958)
●
M(476nm) and Estates(453nm)
of melanopsin (in vitro mouse,
Emanuel et al. 2016; purifed pigment,
Matsuyama et al. 2012). R-stateat 471
nm.
=3 channels

Melanopsin E-
state?
Clinical
signifcance?
Zhuetal.(2007)
Findingsofmelanopsin-
mediation potentiation of
PLR
After “supersaturating” light
stimulus (1 minute of 18 W/m2
,
white light from an unspecifed
halogen light source) the
following 1 minute blue
“probe” light (470 nm) pulse,
either at half-saturating
irradiance IR 50 or at 70%-
saturating irradiance IR 70 , was
shown to elicit a potentiated
PLR rather than a depressed
PLR.
AnalogoustoMc
photoproductoffy
rhodopsin that
buildsupatextremelight
intensities
Franceschinietal.(1981)
Signaling E-state athighintensities?

“Silent
Substitution”
LEDillumination
Example of how to get amultispectral
cameraby fltering theilluminants, or
simply by selecting many different
LEDs
Fillin the wholevisual spectrum,
optimized for photoreceptors.
Custom LED modulewould allow
easy use in animalresearch too.
HyperCam costs approximately $800 and is based on a FL3-U3-13Y3M-
C USB 3.0 camera from Point Grey with CMOS image sensor that is
sensitive from 350-1080 nm with peak quantum efciency at 560 nm. The
camera uses 17 diferent spectral bands that are created using
narrow-band, off-the-shelf LEDs confgured in a ring arrangement. The
wavelengths for these LEDs vary from 450 to 990 nm, and were selected
to cover the camera's sensitivity range.
https://www.vision-systems.com/articles/print/volume-20/issue-11/depart
ments/snapshots/december-snapshots.html

LEDDrivers SMDICs

LED Drivers?
You need todrive the
LEDssomehow
i.e.todeterminethe
currentthroughLEDs
Sowhat isthe maxcurrent
youneed,what sortof
frequencyyou mayneed.
The better the dynamic range, the shorter pulses you
can generate, and/or higher modulation frequencies

Example LED
Drivers
How aboutother
features?
One driverpercircular
PCB, sothere should be
enoughchannels?
Dutycycle control with
programmable forward
current(If
)?
TheLEDs are 'chainable' byconnectingthe output ofone chip
intothe inputof another -see the datasheetfor diagramsand
pinouts. Toallow the entire chip tobe integrated intoa6-pin
package, there isasingle dataline withaverytiming-specifc
protocol.
Sincethe protocol is very sensitive to timing, it requiresa
real-time microconroller such asan AVR, Arduino, PIC, mbed,
etc. It cannot beused with aLinux-based
microcomputer or interpreted microcontroller such asthe
netduinoor Basic Stamp. The LEDsbasicallyhave aWS2811
inside, but fxed at the 800Hzz '8high speed'8setting.
Our wonderfully-written
Neopixel libraryfor Arduinosupportsthese pixels! Asit requires
hand-tuned assemblyit isonly for AVRcoresbut othersmay
have ported thischip driver code soplease google around. An
8MHz or faster processor isrequired.
544Matchesleft withthesamespeed(atleast 800 kzz)
https://www.mouser.sg/Optoelectronics/Drivers/LED-Lighting-Drivers/_/N-7zi53?P=1z0z7pt&Rl=7zi53Zera
vZ1y9l30tZ1yydjbaSGT

Example LED
Drivers
The high-powerRGB led
hasmaximum forward
currentat250 mA,andthe
Cree one at100 mA.
Highestforward voltage
now is3.4V(need aboost
converter ifyourbattery
voltage isbelow this)
Thisflteringleavesus with187 options
(when trimmingbulkypackagesawayaswell)
https://www.mouser.sg/Optoelectronics/Drivers/LED-Lighting-Drivers/_/N-7zi53?P=1z0z7pt&Rl=7zi53ZerbyZ1z0xsyoZ1ya7ku2Z1z0y1pqZ1
z0jilrSGT7zi53ZerbbZ1z0wbyxZ1yxbqmiSGT7zi53ZeravZ1y9l30tZ1yydjbaSGT&Ns=Pricing%7c0
EnablingMultiple
channelsleavesusonly
17driversnow
(MostlyTexasIntruments)
https://www.mouser.sg/Optoelectronics/Drivers/LED-Lighting-Drivers/_/
N-7zi53?P=1z0z7ptZ1yzvta6Z1yzvta3Z1yzxao1Z1yx7p9yZ1yzvta4&Rl=7zi5
3ZerbyZ1z0xsyoZ1ya7ku2Z1z0y1pqZ1z0jilrSGT7zi53ZerbbZ1z0wbyxZ1yx
bqmiSGT7zi53ZeravZ1y9l30tZ1yydjbaSGT&Ns=Pricing%7c0

Example LED
Drivers
Texas Intruments
http://www.ti.com/power-management/led-driver/indicator-rgbw/overview.htm
l
http://www.ti.com/power-management/led-driver/products.html?pqs=
paqs&familyid=480#p2823=250;5000

LEDDrivers DMXControl

Useplug’n’playsystems
tomakeyour lifeeasier
DMXRGBLEDDriver
&Controller6
ChannelsLED-CON6-
R2SIRS-E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FU30vPK3Fno

ISTLiDrive®QuattroCCL
4x16-bitchannels(2x 8-bitDMX512)
Constantcurrent DALI & DMX/RDMLEDdriver, Up to1.6A per channel
https://www.istl.com/quattrocc.php

LEDsSMDs(SurfaceMountedDevices)

LED
Package
types
For SMD/T
SurfaceMounted
Device/Technology
https://www.mouser.sg/leds-smd/
https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-smallest-LED-Light-Emiting-Diode-size
https://olimex.wordpress.com/2016/02/15/s
mt-component-sizes-and-metric-imperial-co
nfusion/
digikey.sg
0.65mm x0.35mm x 0.2mm TOP-EMITTINGSMALLEST

Side-emitting
LEDs
Sothateverythinglays
fatonPCBwithoutno
lightpipes
e.g,
Tesla40032in1(Dimension: L80mm*W16mm*H0.80mm)
500lm@12Vin350mA
ledsmagazine.com
→http://lediamond-opto.com/site/en/index.html
https://industrial.panasonic.com/ww/products/semiconductors/le
ds/surfacemount

Side-emitting
LEDs
Checkavailabilityfrom
Mouser.sg
https://www.mouser.sg/Optoelectronics/LED-Lighting/LED-Emitters/Standard-LEDs-SMD/_/N-b1
bb1?P=1yp37ea&Keyword=101510740&Ns=Orientation%7c1&FS=True&Ntk=P_MarCom

Side-emitting
LEDs
MaxIF
=30mA
Intensitiesrange
from 3mcdto
2800mcd
https://www.mouser.sg/Optoelectronics/LED-Lighting/LED-Emitters/Standard-LEDs-SMD/_/N-b1
bb1?P=1yp37ea&Keyword=101510740&Ns=Orientation%7c1&FS=True&Ntk=P_MarCom

Candelato
Lux
https://www.rapidtables.com/calc/light/how-candela-to-lux.html

Limitingto
Blueand
CoolWhite
Kingbright
APA1606VRBXF/A-5MAV
mouser.sg
1.6mmx0.6mmx 1.2mm;
120mcd;110deg,5mA,Blue,3V
OSRAM
LWY1SG-BFCF-GKJM-1-Z
LWY1SG-BFCF-EKFM-1-Z
Datasheet
15,818pcsInStock
CutTape,unitprice
1:$1.11
10: $0.865
25: $0.72
50:$0.674
100:View
2,000::$0.375
8200K,1600mcd,
20mA,3.3V
2.55mmx 0.9mmx1.3 mm

Side-emitting
LEDs
Branded
comeswith
allthenicefles
[June2013]OsramMicroSideled3806,
3.8×1×0.6mm,150lm/W
ledsmagazine.com
https://www.osram.com/os/ecat/Micro%20SIDELED%C2%AE%202808%20LW%20Y1SG/com/en/class_pim_web_catalog_103489/global/prd_pim_device_
2190715/
https://www.osram.com/os/search/index.jsp?query=sideled&facet.flter.lan
guage=en

TOP-emitting
LEDs
Moreoptionsthan for
theside-emitting
GoforBigNames?
https://www.osram.com/apps/product_selector/#!/?query=*&sortFiel
d=&sortOrder=&start=0&flters=color,Blue%20(470%20nm)&flters=c
olor,Deep%20blue%20(460%20nm)&flters=color,White
https://www.mouser.sg/new/lumileds/lumileds-altilon
-leds/
http://www.nichia.co.jp/specifcation/catalogue/2017_02/NICHIA_LED_
Catalogue2017_02_09.pdf

Exotic non-
conforming
shapes
http://lediamond-opto.com/site/en/index.html

RGB(W/A)
Easiertoassemble
withall the 3/4 color dies
onthesame chip
CreeCLQ6A-TKW-C1L1R1H1QBB7935AA3
Wavelength/ColourTemperature:624nm,535nm,475nm,5700
K
LuminousFlux/RadiantFlux:14 lm,30lm,8.2lm,25lm
Package/Case:PLCC-8
Unitprice$0.942/100pcs
Dimensions:5.2mmx5x1.1mm
https://www.mouser.sg/ProductDetail/Cree-Inc/CLQ6A-TKW-C1L1R1H
1QBB7935AA3?qs=BZBei1rCqCCs2mRhgHvO8g%3d%3d

RGBLEDs
7 matches found with the higher outputs
htps://www.mouser.sg/Optoelectronics/LED-Lightng/LED-Emiters/_/N-8usfd
?P=1y962ekZ1y962e7Z1y961e7Z1z0z7ptZ1y9fnu7Z1yyjzvjZ1y95alhZ1yzrdo
0
CREE CLQ6A-TKW-
C1L1R1H1QBB7935AA3
htps://www.mouser.sg/ProductDeta
il/Cree-Inc/CLQ6A-TKW-C1L1R1H
1QBB7935AA3?qs=sGAEpiMZZMtK
o6xK7%252bVI1jd2MmfBQ0tQ9nz
6Da7%252b9xH%252b%252bB9Z8
3G0Qw%3d%3d
Luminous Intensity:
3000 mcd, 7030 mcd, 1824 mcd, 5860 mcd
624 nm, 535 nm, 475 nm, 5700 K
htp://www.cree.com/l
ed-components/media/
documents/ds-CLQ6A-
TKW.pdf
If
- Forward Current:
100 mA
Vf
- Forward Voltage:
2.1 V, 3 V, 3.1 V, 2.9 V

RGBLEDs
HighPower
Expensive formassproduction
but ifyou make yourPCB rings
the samesize,easytodo
plugcncplayreplacement ifhigh
intensities neededinresearch
settings
Optek/TTElectronicsOVSPRGBCR4
LuminousIntensity:9000 mcd (9x),14000 mcd (7x), 3550 mcd (3.5x)
Wavelength/Colour Temperature:625 nm, 525nm, 465 nm
LuminousFlux/Radiant Flux:14lm, 27 lm,57lm
Vf -ForwardVoltage:2.3 V,3.4V,3.4V
If -ForwardCurrent:250 mA
LED Size:6 mm x 6 mm x 1.5 mm
https://www.mouser.sg/ProductDetail/
Optek-TT-Electronics/OVSPRGBCR4?qs
=VzdrSJkwcuYnu6VZIPrX7Q%3d%3d

‘Standardize’
PCBareafor
theLEDmodule
Plugcncplaymodel foreasy
change ofexperimental
lights.
You can populate the
same PCB withdifferent
LEDwavelengthsfor
differentpurposes
(thumb)-screw or probably
some other quick-snapon
connector mechanism?

Standardize
LED sizes?
Need toonly doonce the
PCBdesigns with places for
theSMD LEDs, and then they
can bepopulated with
desired colors.
Or docouple of versions at
mostwith different package
sizes
KingbrightAPG0603PBC-TT-5MAV
467nm0201 0.6x0.3mmSMDLED
Notthebrightest
Only115optionsfor 0201-0402packages
PLCC-4 has302optionswith23RGBLEDs
with21BLUELEDs(464-475nm)
PLCC-6has70options
PLCC-4
https://www.mouser.sg/leds-smd
/

Goingtoo
Small?
Harderandmore
expensive then to
manufacture.
But ifyou standardize only
connectorson PCB,easy
touse different layouts
https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/30671/esti
mating-assembly-cost
In2017,0402iscompletely standard
and no contract manufacturerwillblink
aneye,whetherinprototype or mass
production quantities.
https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/3146
04/is-0603-vs-0402-assembly-mass-production-cost-
optimization-still-relevant
https://www.embedde
d.com/design/prototy
ping-and-developmen
t/4429499/Applying-D
esign-for-Manufacturi
ng--DFM--to-PCB-de
velopment-

LEDsCOBs(ChipsonBoard)

Easiertoassemble thanSMDs
https://www.digikey.sg/en/articles/techzone/2016/aug/the-basics-of-chip-on-board-cob-leds

Easyassembly withZhagastandard
Mechatronix
COOLCONNECT®
HOLDER2X2MX-02LED
holderfor2x2MXplatform
withCOB 13.5x13.5mmPre-
wired200mm
https://www.led-heatsink.c
om/
Chip-On-Board (COB)LEDzolders
https://www.molex.com/molex/products/group?key=chip_on_board_cob_led_hold
er&channel=products%20

LEDsModifycommercialfxtures

Whybuildoptomechanics fromscratch
1000WLEDzighMastLampLED
stadiumlightingLED food light
1000Wwith138,000lm
US$715.00/piece
10xPCBswith3030SMD LEDs
eachPCB=100W(13,800lm)
e.g. Cree J Series 3x3x0.5 mm white
LED , 350 mA,1W, 156 lm (4000K, 70
CRI) / 139 lm (3000 K, 80 CRI)
Thusone PCBcouldforexample
contain100LEDs
Smd3030LedOpticalStreetLightLens OpticalLEDLensArray/56WSMD3030LED
PCBs and
optics
standardized
parts in China
Askto
customize?

Existing COB-basedfxtures
1000WattOutdoor WaterproofLEDFloodLightforLEDGolfCourseLight/LED
FilmShootingLight
https://ledsmaster8.en.made-in-china.com/product/XySmFoOPPzWs/China-1
000-Watt-Outdoor-Waterproof-LED-Flood-Light-for-LED-Golf-Course-Light-L
ED-Film-Shooting-Light.html
YujiVTC5WLEDEmitter
13.5mmx13.5mmx 1.0mm
https://store.yujiintl.com/collections/vtc-series/products/vtc-series-high-cri-co
b-led-135xl-pack-5-pcs?variant=45423693395

Alotof growlights tooexist
Repurpose those aquaponic/ hydrophonic/ aeroponicLEDfxtures
VIPARSPECTRATimerControlSeries
TC12001200WLED GrowLight-
DimmableVeg/BloomChannels12-
BandFullSpectrum for IndoorPlants
432USD
https://www.amazon.com/dp/B078W6LT86
http://uponics.com/best-led-grow-lights/
Dimgogo2000wTriple
ChipsLEDGrowLight
https://www.amazon.com/dp/B073P6S62M236 USD
AdvancedPlatinum SeriesP9-XML2 855w 12-
bandLEDGrowLight+ CREE10w XM-L2
https://www.amazon.com/dp/B015D9KVQ0
999 USD

Aswellasoutdoor wallwashers
1000W LED City Color Light96PCS*10W RGBW
4in1 LEDsfor Outdoor Decoration DMXWireless
US$400-600/Piece
https://stagelighting.en.made-in-china.com/product/NjZQYfudhxVJ/China-1000W-LED-City-Col
or-Light-96PCS-10W-RGBW-4in1-LEDs-for-Outdoor-Decoration-DMX-Wireless.html
RGBLED
FloodLight
/DMXLED
FloodLight
GNz-FL-12V-
COB-10W-z0I
http://www.gnledlighting.com/produ
ct/RGB-LED-Flood-Light-DMX-RG
B-LED-Flood-Light.html

Whatif notLEDs:
thenlaser,metalhalide or xenon
https://www.slideshare.net/PetteriTeikariPhD/laserbased-general-white-
light-lighting
CAME-TV1200W HMI(Hydrargyrummedium-arc iodide)FresnelKitwith
DimmableElectronic BallastandCase
https://www.bhphotovideo.com/c/product/1203053-REG/came_tv_new120
0hmi_1200w_hmi_fresnel_kit.html

SecondaryOptics BeamShaping

13.5x13.5mmCOBstandardsize
https://www.mouser.sg/Optoelectronics/LED-Lighting/LED-Lighting-Mechanical/LED-Lighting-Mounting-Accessories/Newest-Products/_/N-b1bgn?P=1yvg9f
9
TheTypeZ35LEDholdersenablequickandeasyLEDassemblythroughtape-in LED retention andprovideeasyattachmentofsecondary optics.TEcsLUMAWISE LED Holders are
Zhagabook11 inspired.
https://www.zhagastandard.org/books/book10
/
Mechanical Connections, e.g. from Zhaga standard

MechanicalFixtureSourcing
Depends what you can and want to manufacture
Sheet of Metal
Holeson cornerstofx
on a“coathanger”orwhatever
Screw
holes
Have16oftheseheatsinksscrewedonasheet ofmetal.
onlycustomthingtodoistoorderthesheetswiththeholes?

13.5x13.5mmCOBstandardsize
Same for optics, plenty of off-the-shelf optics
http://lighttalk.via-verlag.com/2014/06/zhaga
/
https://www.led-professional.com/technology/standardization/the-zhaga-consortium-ma
kes-book-3-public-the-frst-of-seven-interface-specifcations-for-led-light-engines

13.5x13.5mmCOBstandardsize
LATESTFROMLEDiL Q3/2017 -Q4/2017
https://messe.nikkei.co.jp/fles/LD5689/5-201801161332030101.pdf
e.g. see LEDIL’s optics

Withbig boylike
Creeyou havea
lotofLED
OPTICS
optionsalsofor
SMDs
https://www.mouser.sg/new/ledil/ledillenscree/
https://www.led-profes
sional.com/products/le
d-optics
https://www.led-professional.com/resources-1/articles/how-silicones-are-evolving-to-meet
-the-growing-needs-of-the-led-lighting-industry-by-dow-corning

Ifyoudo
custom
optics
Software licenses are expensive
Dependingonyourdesign
workfow,youprobablywant
interoperabilitybetween optical
designandoptomechanicalCAD
software
Open-source BEAMIVusedbydeMeloin hisM.Sc.Thesisfor
mobilefunduscamera (2017). http://hdl.handle.net/10362/27916
Zemax used by Samaneigoetal.(2012) forA
Portable,ScalableRetinalImagingSystem
Wuetal.(2017)used bothZemax andLightToolstodesign the
opticalsystemoftheirbinocularfunduscamera
https://doi.org/10.1080/24699322.2017.1379143

Mechanicaldesign
jointly with
opticaldesign
Zemaxdefactostandardfor
imagingoptical designwith
optomechanical integration
(LensMechanix),
withLightTools offeringthe
CAD integration (Solidworks),
whichisusedmore withnon-
imagingopticsdesign
https://www.zemax.com/products/lensmechani
x
https://www.synopsys.com/optical-solutions/lighttools.html

Filters forspectraltuning

YujiCOB5W 4x4grid80W→
Book 11 has 35 mm diameter → 140 x 140 mm surface.
Need to collimate for the interference filter to avoid spectral sidebands
Yuji COB
13.5x13.5mm
Zhaga
35mmOptics
Holderfor4x4grid
Includingheatsinks
Optics“X”
Forcollimation through
Interferenceflter
Interference
flter
https://www.thorlabs.com/newgrouppage9.cfm?object
group_id=1860
25mm

Illuminant
Filters
Interferenceflters
For sometasksthe LED
spectrummightbe toobroad.In
order to“monochromatize” your
light,youneedabandpass
interference flterthat canbe abit
priceyforlow-cost devices.
488nm Interferenceflter fromEdmund
opticswould beoptimalformelanopic
orcornealmelanopsin sensitivity
PCB-levelholders forof-the-shelf flters?
Schott Advanced Optics| Optical Interference Filters
https://www.schott.com/advanced_optics/english/products/optical-components/optical-flters/interference-flters/index.html

Rememberto
collimate
Traditionally, as the incident angle imposed by the lensc feld of view increases,a fltercs passband shifts, allowing
shorter wavelength light to pass, commonly referred to as blue shifting or short shifting. In contrast, some
absorptive flter glass designs provide lower wavelength blocking, which signifcantly minimizes the effects of
blueshifting.CourtesyofMidwestOpticalSystems.
https://www.photonics.com/a61444/Select_an_Optical_Filter_to_Suit_Changing

Custom Filters
Thinflmseverywhere
Getsome photosensor (many of
them) and create desired flter
spectrum togive you desired
photoreceptor spectral sensitivity
http://spie.org/newsroom/0125-tunable-thin-flms-for-
optical-sensors
https://www.mouser.sg/Sensors/Optical-Sensors/_/N-6g7q8
https://www.sydor.com/products/optical-flters/
https://www.pgo-online.com/intl/custom-coatings.html
https://www.edmundoptics.com.sg/resources/application-
notes/optics/an-introduction-to-optical-coatings/

MAX44009
ForMelanopicand
Scotopic
measurements
Through“analytic
eyeballing”thedesired
fltersseems
reasonabletoachieve?

Cosine
Filtering
Diffusinginput
Filtersfor each sensor or one for
all?
https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/grad/neubrew/docs/CosineCorrection.pdf
http://www.skyeinstruments.com/wp-content/uplo
ads/Light-defnition-of-cosine-correction.pdf
https://www.konicaminolta.com/instruments/knowledge/light/instru
mentation/05.html

Difusersforfnalhomogenizationoflight

Difusers
Probablysome applicationsare
happierwithlower transmissions
andsmallerhomogeneityoflight
frominexpensiveflters,when
somemight want topayfor the
topquality?
Thinkhow tomake the diffusers
easilychangeabletoo?
Cheapest probablytokeepslots
in theenclosureforsome rigid
diffusertothrow in,rather thana
thread-basedflter?
https://www.edmundoptics.com/optics/windows-diffus
ers/optical-diffusers/Holographic-Diffusers/
From $135
https://www.luminitco.com/
https://www.luminitco.com/downloads/data-sheet
s
https://www.edmundoptics.com/optics/
windows-diffusers/optical-diffusers/Whit
e-Diffusing-Glass/
http://visionlux.net/product/diffuser-polarizer
/
Malaysia

Spread withbatwingor Fresnel
Interference
flter 25mm
BatwingOptics
Todistributeagain the
lighttothe“massive”
chicken box ceiling
http://www.khatod.com/en/asymmetric-refector-systems.htm
l
http://www.ledcent.com/bridgelux-cob-100w-led-street-lights-cool-white-5000k_p90.htm
l

Sizeandcostlimitations
https://youtu.be/11n0ZaZMj3A
Focallengthof 32”(80 cm)
isnot reallyfeasibleasthebox
constructwould getreallyhigh
https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAA.29.00187
7
Tooexpensive
custom
microlensarray
forcollimating
the light
emitters?
Commercial
options?
https://www.photonics.com/pr61686/Custom_Microlens_Array
s
Seealso the
Singapore
suppliers
https://www.photonics
.com/BGSearch.aspx
?Type=COM&Country
=SGP

CeilingDifuser
https://www.acalbf.com/be/Photonics/Light-Shaping-Diffusers/p/Light-Shapin
g-Diffuser-Films/0000001W0H http://www.leeflters.com/lighting/diffusion-list.htm
l
https://www.youtube.
com/watch?v=e1UD
kV_9EYQ
Higher quality Luminit or just some
photographic diffuser (Lee, etc.

Inpractice basicallyawarehouse-typeshelf?
Optimally 1000x 1000mm
(withsomemargins)
~800mm
focallength
“Batwing
distance”
Limitedby
room and
doorheight
And as the
chicken setup is
not that fxed and
might need to be
moved quite often,
this cannot be too
cumbersome to
move?

DIY orfancier?Whatisthecost
MushroomCompostingRack
SlottedAngleIronRacks
Freestanding Shelving
Units
42UServer Racks
Wiremeshplatformcart
StaticLoad4000kgs
HeavyDutyRack
ShelvingStorageSystems
Industrialshelving withwiredividers
Rack-PalletRacksStorage

LightSensing
Spectrumandintensitysensingforfeedback
andmonitoring

Light Sensing
Customvisiblerange
sensors
Foragoodresearchtool(atleastthe“Pro”version)couldcontainone
sensorpereachphotoreceptor:
● Rod sensitivity Vc(λ)
●
S-cone sensitivity “blue cones”
●
M-conesensitivity “green cones”
●
L-conesensitivity “red cones”
●
“Melanopic” sensitivity “blue cones”
=5channels
● Photopic sensitivity V(λ) is a linear
combination of M and L cone
sensitivities
●
Mesopic can be computed
from Vc(λ) and V(λ), but it is a
nonlinear function depending on
the intensity
CORNEAL
RETINAL

Light Sensing
Customvisiblerange
sensors
Formoreexoticsensitivities,youcouldleaveopen hardwaredesignso
thatphotopigmentintermediatescouldbeadded
●
MetarhodopsinII (~380nm) that could play rolewith BlueLight Hazard
(Grimm et al. 2000, 2001), and in photoreversal (Hubbardand Kropf1958)
●
M(476nm) and Estates(453nm)
of melanopsin (in vitro mouse,
Emanuel et al. 2016; purifed pigment,
Matsuyama et al. 2012). R-stateat 471
nm.
=3 channels

Light Sensing
Customvisiblerange
sensors
Ifthis camewith electronically controlledlensdensity flter (electrochromic
glass) with ageas aparameter, it would bequitenice :) Or somebroadband MEMS
flter.
Images ofelectrochromic glassdevices and optical transmittance
spectrum:(a) electrochromic glass withtransparent characteristics in a
bleached state, (b)electrochromic glass with blue translucent characteristic in
adyed state, and (c)the glass has transparencyof 82% and 21.1% in bleached
and dyed states. - Chien Chon Chen (2013)
http://spie.org/newsroom/0196-electrochromic-safety-glass-for-s
mart-window-applications?SSO=1

Light Sensing
Auxiliarysensors
UV(A/B)
UVSensingforoutdoordetectionanderythremaquantifcation?
Does UV play a rolein myopia? D-vitamin synthesis from sunlight? Action
Spectrum
Figure 7.Approximatedepthfor penetration ofopticalradiationinfair Caucasian
skin.
Action spectrafor erythema in humanskin according toCIE [162] and Anders etal
[166], for SCC in mouseskin according SCUP[172] and for CMMinfshaccording
Setlow et al [176].
The solar spectrum from extreme UV to far infrared. The illustration shows the spectrum of solar radiation from 10 to 100 000 nm (dark blue), its variability between solar maximum and solar
minimum (green) and the relative transparency of Earthcs atmosphere at sea level (light blue). The red dashed line is a blackbody ft to the solar spectrum. At wavelengths shorter than
about 300 nm, there is a relatively large variation in the Suncs extreme UV and x-ray output (greater than 1%), but the Earthcs atmosphere is nearly opaque at those wavelengths (courtesy Judith
Lean).

Light Sensing
Auxiliarysensors
Infrared
Forspectralidentifcationorsomecorrection?
Spectralidentifcationoflightingtypeandcharacter.-NCBI
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22319336 byCDElvidge-2010-Citedby120
“Ourconclusionisthatitisfeasibletoidentifylightingtypeandmakereasonable
estimatesofLuminousEfcacyof Radiation(LER)andCorrelatedColor
Temperature(CCT)using fouror morespectral bandsfownonthe Landsat
ThematicMapper (TM)with minimal spectral overlap spanning the400to 1000
nmregion.”

Light Sensors
Lessindustrialdemand
forUVsensors
(ambientlightsensors
typicallyusedinmobile
phones highvolume→
manufactured)
https://www.slideshare.net/PetteriT
eikariPhD/arduinobased-circadian-li
ght-logger
High-LevelIntegrationinMAX44005
7Sensorsina2mm x 2mm x 0.6mm Package
(usedbyusinUS,nowdeprecatedthoughandreplacedby
MAX44009

RGB Light
Sensors
MAX44008 /MAX44006
Notavailableanymore
https://www.maximintegrated.com/en/product
s/sensors-and-sensor-interface/MAX44008.
html

RGB Light
Sensors
Intersil’s
ISL29125?
https://www.intersil.com/en/products/optoelectr
onics/ambient-light-sensors/light-to-digital-sens
ors/ISL29125.html
3.02SGD/piecefor100units
https://www.mouser.sg/ProductDetail/Renesas-I
ntersil/ISL29125IROZ-T7?qs=8EBwJ8mibj2u1sv
ZyuG5jQ%3d%3d
Can be used together with MAX44009
6Ld ODFN (1.65x1.65x0.7mm) package
Twoopticalsensitivityranges
Range0=5.7mluxto375lux
Range1=0.152luxto10,000lux

RGB Light
Sensors
MAZET AMS
TCS3430
RGB (XYZ) +2Infrared bands
Size:
2.41 x 1.75 x 1.00mm
http://www.mazet.de/eng/Products/Light-Sen
sors/Color-Sensors/TCS3430
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CIE_1931_color_space

RGB Light
Sensors
zAMAMATSU
S13683-02WT
Supersmall
1.75x0.23x0.45mm
https://www.hamamatsu.com/eu/en/product/alpha/R/41
53/S13683-021WT/index.html

Light Sensors
AmbientLightsensor
Only “photopic lux”
measured
MAX44009
Can beusedfor melanopic
andscotopicmeasurements
with custom flters
DrawnbyPetteri alreadyin EagleCAD if
needto beusedinadesign
daysiduino.lbr
The MAX44009 ambient light sensor features an I²C
digital output that is ideal for a number of portable
applications such as smartphones, notebooks, and
industrialsensors.Atlessthan1µAoperating current,itis
the lowest power ambient light sensor in the industry
and features an ultra-wide 22-bit dynamic range
from 0.045 lux to 188,000 lux.
https://www.maximintegrated.com/en/products/analog/sensor
s-and-sensor-interface/MAX44009.html
https://www.maximintegrated.com/en/products/sensors-and-s
ensor-interface/MAX44009.html
DeviceAddressOptions1001010xand1001011x→
We can only have 2 sensors per MCU

Light Sensors
Multichannel onesbeyond RGBs
MazetMMCS6CS
FOR MONKEY and CHICK cages?
http://www.mazet.de/eng/Products/Smart-Light-Manageme
nt
http://www.mazet.de/eng/Products/Spectral-Sensing

Light Sensors
Digitalambientlight
sensors withUVaswell
BothUVA andUVB in a small package.
2.0 x 1.25 x 1.0 mm
Arduinolibrary:
https://github.com/schizobovine/VEML6075
http://www.vishay.com/ppg?84304
https://www.mouser.com/pdfdocs/designingveml6075.pdf,$2.73unit
price/10pcs
https://github.com/schizobovine/VEML6075/blob/ma
ster/VEML6075.h

SpatialLightSensing
Checkthatspatialdistribution isdesired

Camera
Options
Variouslow-costdevicedesigns
have beenbuilt ontopofthe
RaspberryPianditscamera
module.
Youcouldmake thecameraunit
alsomodularsothat youcould
popin another cameramodule
withahigherframe rateand/or
higherspatial resolutionfor
example
PCB ~25x25mm
Camera 8x8x8 mm
http://www.raspiworld.com/viewtopic.php?t=1
3
A PracticalDeviceforMeasuringthe
LuminanceDistribution
ThijsKruisselbrink , MyriamAries, Alexander Rosemann
https://doi.org/10.26607/ijsl.v19i1.76 (2017)
“Raspberry Pi 2 model B, was used to control the
camera, carry out the computations and communicate
the results using a Wi-Fi dongle. The camera
functionality was accounted for by the Raspberry Pi
Camera Board version 1.3 with a CMOS sensor (3.60
mm, f/2.9) with a maximum resolution of 2592 x 1944
pixels, comparable to cameras in smartphones. A
miniature equisolid-angle fsheye lens, suitable for the
Raspberry Pi Camera Board, with a measured angle of
view of187°(3mm, f/0.4)wasused on top ofthe camera
sensortoprovideahemisphericalimage.”
A lotof phone
cameralenskits have
alow-costandlow-
qualityfsheyelens
forquickproof-of-
conceptprototyping
forexample.

Raspberry
Moduleas
aScientifc
Camera
RaspberryPi3v2camera
modulegood inexpensive option
for homemonitoring,remote care
in thecommunity, etc.
Laying the foundation touse Raspberry Pi3 V2 camera
module imagery for scientifc andengineeringpurposes
Mary A.Pagnutti; RobertE.Ryan; GeorgeJ.Cazenavette; MaxwellJ.Gold; RyanHarlan; EdwardLeggett; JamesF. Pagnutti
;
InnovativeImaging&ResearchCorp.(UnitedStates)
J.ofElectronicImaging,26(1),013014 (2017).doi:10.1117/1.JEI.26.1.013014
The Raspberry Pi credit-card-sized
computer supports several
accessories, including a camera
module containing the Sony IMX219
sensor. This computer and camera
confguration is of particular interest
since it can provide raw-data
format imagery that can be used for
a multitude of applications, including
computer vision, biophotonics,
medical testing, patient-centric
healthcare with IoT, remote sensing,
astronomy, improved image quality,
high dynamic range (HDR) imaging,
and security monitoring. This paper
evaluates the characteristics of the
Raspberry Pi V2.1 camera based on
the Sony IMX219 sensor and the
radiometric performance of its raw-
data format imagery, so the system
can be effectively used for scientifc
imagingandengineering purposes.
Turning the camera on and taking images can cause changes in output due to sensor
warming. The plots show that after approximately a 200 frame warm-up period, data values
reach steadystate.
RaspberryPi camera mean-variancecurves
forISO 100,200, and 400. DN = digital number
(asinpixel intensity)
Raspberry Pi CameraV2
spectral response.

EnvironmentSensing
forensuringgoodqualitysense

EnvironmentSensing
use forexample serverroommonitoringhardware or DIYsomething withArduino
25SGDfor monitoring thetemperature/humidityof the
animalfacility.
Youcan connect 4IPCamerasandyouhavealsoadditional2digital
inputsand4analoginputs,andonerelayport
A variety ofoptionalplug-and-play sensorsareavailableforusewith
theWatchdog100includingbutnotlimitedto,temperature, humidity,
airfow,waterandsmokedetection sensors,doorposition,power
failureandmore.Oneoftheuniquefeaturesof theWatchdog100isits
relay contactportusedtoenergizeorde-energizean externaldevice
forautomation.
AnOpen-SourceEnvironmentalMonitoringPlatformconsistingofarduino-compatible
hardware,datavisualizationwebAPI,andmobileapp.
https://acrobotic.com/products/smart-citizen-system

Systemintegration
makesurethatothermeasurementsintegrate
nicelyto lightingwithsharedtimestamps

Maybeyouwanttomeasurebehavior with camera, Arduino,Raspberry Piand Kinect?
Open-Source,LowCost,Free-Behavior
Monitoring,andRewardSystemforNeuroscience
ResearchinNon-humanPrimate
Front.Neurosci.,16May2017| https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2017.00265
Tyler LibeyandEberhardE.Fetz
Amultimodalsensorsystemforautomated
marmosetbehavioralanalysis
2016IEEE13thInternationalConferenceonWearableandImplantable
BodySensor Networks(BSN)
https://doi.org/10.1109/BSN.2016.7516269
LauraJ. Brattain; Rogier Landman; KerryA. Johnson ;Patrick Chwalek ; Julia Hyman; Jitendra
Sharma ; CharlesJennings; RobertDesimone; Guoping Feng ; ThomasF. Quatieri