1. Diploma In Pharmacy
First Year
Definitions Of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
(PCT) 20112
Lecturer
Ms. P. R. Dabhade

2.  Precision: Precision means reproducibility while
accuracy means closeness of an experimental result
with the true value or actual result.
 Accuracy: Accuracy is the difference between the true
value and the value of experimental result.
 Impurities: Impurity is the undesirable foreign material,
which may be toxic or may not be toxic, present in
pharmaceutical substances.
 Limit test: limit test are quantitative or semi-quantitative
tests designed to identify and control small quantities or
impurities, which are likely to be present in the
substance.

3.  Titrate: the substance to be determined is called as the titrate.
 Titrant: The substance of known concentration is called the
titrant.
 Titration: the process of determining the volume is called as
titration.
 End point: The point at which the reaction is complete is
called the end point.
 Indicator: Some auxiliary substance that is due to detect the
end point of the titration is called the indicator.
 Standard solution: The solution of known concentration is
known as the standard solution.

4.  Molarity: It can be defined as the number of moles of solute
present in one litre of the solution. It is represented by “M”.
 Normality: It is the number of gram equivalents of solute
present in one litre of the solution. It is represented by “N”.
 Molality: The molality of a solution is given by the number of
moles of solute per 1000 g of the solvent. It. Is represented by
“m”.

5.  Hematinic: Hematinic are substance requirde in the
formation of blood and are used in the treatment of anemias.
 Gastro-intestinal agents: The pharmaceutical compound
used in the treatment of gastro-intestinal disorder are known
as ‘Gastro-intestinal agents’.
 Antacids: Antacids are agents that counteract the acidity.
Antacids are compounds used to nutralize excess of gastric
hydrochloric acid that may be causing pain and possible
ulceration in GIT.
 Topical agents: The term ‘topical’ means pertaining to a
particular spot. Topical compound are applied on body surface
and show their pharmacological effect primarily at the surface
to which they are applied.

6.  Antimicrobials: antimicrobials are the drugs which cause suppression of
the growth of micro-organisms. E.g- Bacteria, fungi, protozoans, etc.
 Disinfectant: It is a chemical agent which destroys microorganisms, but not
usually bacterial spores.
 Antiseptic: It is a chemical agent which destroys or inhibits the growth of
micro-oragnism.
 Bactericide: It is a chemical agent that kills the bacteria, but not necessarily
bacterial spores.
 Bacteriostatic: It is a chemical agent that inhibits the multiplication of
bacteria.
 Germicide: It is a chemical agent that destroys pathogenic micro-organism.

7.  Sterilization : It is the process of destroying all micro-organism and
their pathogenic products. This process renders the treated object
completely free from micro-organisms.
 Anticaries agent: Prevention of dental decay. E.g- Sodium fluoride.
 Cleaning agent(polishing agent/ dentifices): these are used with
toothbrush to clean and polish the teeth. E.g- Calcium carbonate.
 Denture cleaners: dentures are also known as false teeth where
prosthetic devices are used replace missing teeth which are
surrounded by soft and hard tissues of the oral cavity.
 Denture adhesives: a material use to adhere to oral mucosa is
called as denture adhesive.

8.  Mouthwashes: they are medicated liquid (mainly antiseptics)
used for cleansing the mouth or treating affected mucous
membrane.
 Medicinal Gases: Medicinal gases are the gaseous
substance which are, or may be, taken into the body by way of
the nose and trachea (through the respiratory system).
 Heterocyclic compound: Heterocyclic compound ate those
which possess acyclic or ring structure with atleast two
different kinds of atom(including carbon atom) in the ring.
 General anaesthetics: General anaesthetics are the C.N.S.
depressant drug that produce a partial or total loss of the
sense of pain, accompanied by loss of consciousness.

9.  Hypnotics: hypnotics are the drugs which depress C.N.S. and
produce sleep, resembling natural sleep in normal dose.
 Sedatives: sedatives are C.N.S. depressants but do not
induce (produce)sleep in normal dose but calms the nerves.
 Antipsychotics (Tranquilizers or Neuroleptics): Psychoses
means mental conditions characterized by disturbances in
mental functions.
 Anticonvulsants(antiepileptics): the term epilepsy is derived
from greek word ‘Epilambanein’ which means ‘to seize’ (i.e. to
take sudden possession). It my be defined as paroxysmal
(sudden), self-sustaining and self-limiting cerebral
dysrhythmia.
 Antidepressant: The drug which are used to elevate mood
are called antidepressant.

10.  Anti-arrhythmic agents: The agent which are used to correct
cardiac arrhythmias are called as anti-arrhythmic drugs.
 Hypertension: Hypertension means high systematic blood
pressure due to defect in the haemodynamic funstion.
 Vasodilators (Antianginal agent): The drugs causing dilation
of blood vessels are called vasodilators.
 Diuretics: Diuretics are the drugs which increase the rate of
urine excretion by kidneys, primarily by inhibiting tubular
reabsorption of sodium and its osmotic equivalent amount of
water.

11.  Hypoglycemic agents: The drug which are used to lower
blood sugar are called hypoglycemic agent. They are used to
treat diabetes mellitus ( Latin word mellitus means honey)
 Analgesics: the drug which decrease sensitivity (awarness) of
pain by depressing CNS without loss of consciousness are
called analgesics(true analgesics)
 Mycosis: disease caused by any fungus is known as mycosis.
 Urinary tract anti-infective agents: urinary anti-infectives are
medicines used to treat or prevent infections of the urinary
tract, which is the passage through which urine flow from the
kidneys out of the body.

12.  Tuberculosis (TB): Tuberculosis is an acute or chronic communicable
disease. It is caused in human by mycobacterium tuberculosis of hormonis
of homonis type, but can also be caused by bovine type.
 Antiviral: Antiviral are the drugs that help your body fight off certain
viruses that can cause disease.
 Antimalarials: The drugs which are used for treatment of protozoal
infections.
 Antibiotics: antibiotics are chemical substances derived from or
metabolically produced by living oragnisms, which are capable of inhibiting
the life process of other micro-organism, in small concentration.
 Neoplastics: Neoplasm(Neo=new; plasm=form) is the medical term for
cancer or tumour which menas ‘a relatively autonomous growth of tissue’.