A very basic and Short Presentation on the Fundamental Aspects like Aperture, Shutter Speed, ISO and White Balance in Digital Photography as used in Nature and Wildlife Photography.
5. Aperture
• Opening in the lens or diameter of the Lens.
• Controls the amount of light falling on the Camera Sensor
• Larger the diameter, more the amount of light
• Smaller the diameter, less the amount of light
• It is expressed as F Stop on the camera or the lens.
• Controls the depth of field (DoF)
6. • Smaller the f number larger the opening
• Larger the f number smaller the opening
F- Stops
7. Depth of Field (DoF)
Acronym for Depth of Field is DoF
DoF is defined as the Portion of Image which is in Sharp Focus
DoF is dependent to a large extent on the F number selected on the Came
Smaller the F number Shallower the Depth of Field(DoF)
Larger the F number higher the Depth of Field(DoF)
15. Shutter Speed
The Amount of time the Shutter of your camera is open.
Measured in fractions of Second e.g. 1/30 Sec, 1/100 Sec,
1/250 Sec, 1/1000 Sec.
In some cases measured in Seconds too e.g. 1 Sec , 2 Sec,
30 Seconds or more
Slower Shutter speed (e.g. 1 Sec, 2 Sec) causes blur.
Faster Shutter Speed e.g. 1/250 Sec, 1/500 Sec, 1/1000 Sec
freezes Motion
Use Fast Shutter Speed for fast moving subject.
Can use Slow shutter speed for static subjects or when light is low
24. ISO
Defined as the Sensitivity of your Camera Sensor to Light
Higher the ISO number, more the sensitivity of the Sensor
Recommended to use the lowest ISO your camera can offer
Increase the ISO , when there is no sufficient light
Generally increases as 100, 200 , 400, 800, 1600 and so on
Higher ISO will result in noise in the Images
Image quality degrades
Avoid Shooting at high ISO unless absolutely necessary
28. White Balance
White Balance is the process of removing Unrealistic
colour casts from Images, so that the object appears as
the same colour in your Image, as you saw it in person.
Setting the correct white Balance will help us get
the colours in our images as accurate as possible
29. White Balance Settings
Auto – Camera decides on the colour temperature.
Works best for most situations.
Tungsten- Used normally when shooting under
Incandescent lighting.
Fluorescent- Used when shooting under Fluorescent light.
Daylight/Sunny- Normally used when shooting under the Sun.
Cloudy- Warms up the colour
Shade- Light in Shade is normally cooler, so this mode
warms up the colour a bit more
34. Understanding Exposure
Exposure determines how light or dark an Image will appear,
once it has been captured by your camera.
It’s dependent on three factors Aperture, Shutter Speed and ISO
These three factors are interrelated and critical to get
correct exposure for an Image