Erkko Fontell, toimitusjohtaja/ Convion Oy

1. © CONVION 16/06/2014 Fontell www.convion.fi
Erkko Fontell, CEO
erkko.fontell@convion.fi

2. 2
Convion
• Convion Ltd. has taken over the Wärtsilä fuel cell
development program from 1.1.2013
• Convion will provide fuel cell solution for distributed
power generation applications
• By commercializing 50 - 300kW products based on SOFC
technology
© CONVION 16-Jun-14 Fontell / Convion

3. © CONVION
Fuel CellTechnologies
FC
Type
Anode
Fuel
Cathode
oxidant
Operating
temp (°C)
Efficiency
(LHV) Application
PEM H2 Air 60 – 100 30 – 40 Portable
Small residential
Transportation
AFC H2 O2 60 – 120 30 – 40 Portable
Small residential
Transportation
PAFC H2 Air 150 – 250 35 – 45
50 – 70 *
Med. Residential
Commercial
MCFC H2, CO,
NH3,
CH4
Air+CO2 550 – 700 45 – 55
80 – 90
Industrial
Commercial
Large residential
SOFC H2, CO,
NH3,
CH4
Air 650 – 850 45 – 55
80 – 90 *
Industrial
Commercial
Large residential
The most common fuel cell types, named according to their
electrolyte
Low
temperature
Intermediate
temperature
High
temperature

4. © CONVION
Energy efficinecy in small scale
Stationary gas power plant
Power generation 630 MW
District heating power 580 MW
Gas turbine efficiency 35 %
Power generation efficiency 49 %
Transmission losses* -3 - 7 %
Source : Helsingin energia
* Energia teollisuus ry.
Convion fuel cell
Power generation 50 -300 kW
Power for heating 20 -120 kW
Fuel cell efficiency >60 %
Power generation efficiency >53 %
Transmission losses 0 %

5.  Electrical efficiency between 53 – 65% net AC
 Total energy efficiency > 85%
 Fuel flexibility including Natural gas, Biogas and Hydrogen
 Zero NOx, SOx and particulate emissions
 Independent and secure power source
And further increase customers energy efficiency, sustainability
and power security
Convion C50 – C300 products can meet
the needs of future CHP solutions
6
C50, 50kW fuel cell power unit 3xC50, 150kW fuel cell power unit
© CONVION 16-Jun-14 Fontell / Convion

6. 7
Customer value propositions
Energy Efficiency
Excellent electrical efficieny combined with heat recovery
Further improvement when combined with heat pump
applications: block of flats, hotels, offices, small industries
Industrial self generation
Increased power independence, efficiency and security
applications: industry processes, shopping centers, biogas
utlisation, LNG boil-off, etc.
Power security
Highly reliable power solutions based on duplicated power
source for critical loads
applications:Telecom, data centers, hospitals, other
critical loads
© CONVION 16-Jun-14 Fontell / Convion

7. 8
Convion C50 Product
© CONVION 16-Jun-14 Fontell / Convion

8. SOFC Process
9© CONVION 16-Jun-14 Fontell / Convion

9. 10
Convion C50 product targets
Performance Targets
Net power output 58kW (3x400-440V AC 50/60Hz)
Energy efficiency (LHV)
Electrical (net , AC)
Total (exhaust 60°C)
> 53 %
> 80 %
Heat recover
Exhaus gas flow
Exhaust gas temperature
650 kg/h
222 °C
Emissions
NOx
Particulates(PM10)
CO2 (NG, nominal load )
CO2 (with heat recovery)
< 2 ppm
< 0.09 mg/kWh
354 kg/MWh
234 kg/MWh
Fuels Natural gas, City gas, Biogas
Dimensions (L x W x H)
power unit
aux. equipment
3,6 x 1,90 x 2,3 m
3,3 x 0,6 x 2,2 m
Noise level < 70 dB(A) at 1 m
Installation
Temperature
Indoor / outdoor
-20 – +40°C
© CONVION 16-Jun-14 Fontell / Convion

10. 11
Heat balance - Sankey diagram
© CONVION 16-Jun-14 Fontell / Convion
Conversion
losses
Net AC
Power out
Exhaust heat, Tcool 40°C
2.1% residual heat
in exhaust
Own power
consumption
Heat
losses
LHV in 114.75 kW
8.42kg/h NG
ηel= 52%
ηtot= 81.6%
7.5%
9.7%
2.6%
3kW
2.4lkW
3.5%
Heat
gain
59.5kW
34kW
15.9kW heat to
environment
INDOOR INSTALLATION, ηtot= 97.9%

11. • Hot exhaust of SOFC is suited for warming of hot water
• High heat pump efficiency for space heating
Case: building integration with high efficiency
© CONVION 16-Jun-14 Fontell / Convion 14

12. Typical heat pump performance
Compressor power, kW 29
Heating power, ground heat source, kW 107
COP, EN 14511 0/35 °C 3.7
Cooling power when connected to
ventilation, kW
103
COPc, 12/7 °C, 36/42 °C 2.7
C50 combined with a heat pump
- Annual variability of heating and cooling demands balance each other;
 over 6000h utilization/ year for the heat pump
- Heat pump, ventilation and building automation form near constant base
load best suited for SOFC system, variable load can be covered from grid
- In case of a grid failure, critical loads may be served by appropriately sized
SOFC with Convion’s proprietary load following technology
© CONVION 16-Jun-14 Fontell / Convion
(source: Oilon)
16

13. • By combining a locally installed SOFC CHP system with
• CO2 emissios from heating may be reduced to 89 kg CO2/MWh
• Further reduction of emissions may be achieved by placing the
SOFC installation into a building, thus utilizing lost low grade heat
• As a reference, CO2 emissions of independent heat
generation for district heating in Finland are, on average,
226kg CO2/MWh*
 Reduction of CO2 emissions is 60% with Convion products
(*Source: Motiva)
Efficient, building integrated energy supply
© CONVION 16-Jun-14 Fontell / Convion 17

14. • Reliability and independence of on-site power
generation facilitate safe and resilient operations
• Increased dependability increase customer value
• C50 units are capable of grid independent operation
• Maintenance interval is longer and reliability higher
compared with combustion engines
• C50 products be arranged in a parallel without sacrificing
efficiency
• Parallel units may be maintained independently
Increased dependability
18© CONVION 16-Jun-14 Fontell / Convion

15. ASSUMPTIONS:
- Grid unavailability per year is
1 hour
- Critical loads can be powered
by N parallel SOFC units with
one redundant module
- SOFC unavailability due to
scheduled and reactive
maintenance is independent
of state of power grid or
state of other SOFC units
Grid parallel N+1 redundant SOFC configuration
0
0,5
1
1,5
2
2,5
0,95 0,96 0,97 0,98 0,99 1
Unavailabilityinminutes/year
Single SOFC system availability
Grid parallel N+1 configuration
5+1/ Grid
4+1/ Grid
3+1/ Grid
2+1/ Grid
1+1/ Grid
© CONVION 16-Jun-14 Fontell / Convion 19

16. • Since cost as €/MWh is higher with new energy technologies the
other attributes may compensate the higher investment costs
• Fuel cells can increase customer value by providing higher energy
efficiency, better power security and power independence
Case; power security has a significant value
Added value from fuel cells
© CONVION 16-Jun-14 Fontell / Convion 20

17. © CONVION
Global Fuel Cell Market
 Global FC deliveries have grown
annually close to 40% since 2006.
Over 50% growth (in delivered MW)
for 2012
 In stationary SOFC started to replace
PEMFC in residential applications. In
larger stationary applications SOFC
has fastest growth
 SOFC seen as future winner due to
better cost potential.
 FC market potential and expectations
are high
SOURCE : FC todat Industry review 2013
http://www.fuelcelltoday.com/analysis/industry-review
14/8/13
0
50
100
150
200
250
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 E2013
MW/Technology
MCFC
SOFC
PAFC
PEMFC

18. Residential fuel cell
• Japan/Ene-Farm is leading the implementation
of small residential fuel cells, close to 40 000
untis have been installed
• CFCL / BlueGen leading in energy efficiency with
60% net Ac,
• Callux project in Germany, 560 units installed by
end of 2013
• Alcore, small wall mounted fuel to complement
existing heating systems
• Other
- Ceres Power, UK
- Dantherm Power, DK
- AVL, BOSCH, Vaillant, Weissman, Plansee,
Germany
23© CONVION 16-Jun-14 Fontell / Convion

19. 26
Conclusion
• Fuel cells are being commercialized both in small scale
and large scale applications
• Fuel cell can increase customer’s energy efficiency and
power security
• Convion will provide fuel cell solution for distributed
power generation applications
• Convion is looking for interested partners for fuel cell
demonstrations starting 2015
© CONVION 16-Jun-14 Fontell / Convion

20. Thank you
© CONVION Tekniikantie 12, FI-02150 Espoo, Finland www.convion.fi
Erkko Fontell, CEO / erkko.fontell@convion.fi